臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

背景：根據WHO與MOHW所公布的的死亡率中，心血管疾病佔很大的一部分。在循環系統中紅血球扮演了一個重要角色，其最主要的功能為運輸氧氣與二氧化碳為全身進行氣體交換以及作為人體中的酸鹼緩衝系統。在這過程中紅血球會受到體內各種不同環境的影響，加上沒有細胞核，無法修復同時會累積傷害，流變特性受到影響，所以健康的紅血球本身需要具備抵抗這些環境壓力的能力，才能維持人體正常的生理功能。而低氧環境下所產生的氧化壓力相較一般環境來的劇烈。對於運動訓練是否可以幫助紅血球抵抗低氧環境所造成的影響以及氧氣釋放程度的影響，目前尚不清楚。本實驗將使用兩種運動訓練模式，分別為：中等強度持續性運動訓練組(Moderate Intensity Continuous Training group, MICT group ) 以及高強度間隔式運動訓練組(High Intensity Interval Training group, HIIT group)來比較不同的運動模式在長時間的運動訓練下對於紅血球流變特性與氧氣釋放程度的影響。結果顯示經過運動訓練的受試者在運動表現、紅血球流變學、以及氧氣釋放程度比未訓練者來的好，同時HIIT的表現優於MICT。

Background: Cardiovascular disease accounts for a large proportion of the mortality rates published by the WHO and the Taiwan MOHW. Erythrocytes play an important role in the circulatory system. Their main function is to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide for gas exchange throughout the body and as an acid-base buffer system in the human body. During this process, Erythrocytes will be affected by various environments in the body. In addition, there is no cell nucleus, and it is impossible to repair and accumulate damage. The rheological properties are affected. Therefore, healthy Erythrocytes themselves need to have the ability to resist these environmental stresses in order to maintain the normal physiological function. The oxidative stress generated in a low oxygen environment is more severe than that in the general environment. It is unclear whether exercise training can help red blood cells resist the effects of hypoxic conditions and the extent of oxygen release. This experiment will use two types of exercise training modes: Moderate Intensity Continuous Training group, MICT group and High Intensity Interval Training group, HIIT group. Purpose: Compare the effects of different exercise patterns on rheological properties of RBC and oxygen release under long-term exercise training. The results showed that exercise-trained subjects performed better in athletic performance, RBC rheology, and oxygen release than untrained subjects, while HIIT performed better than MICT.

目錄
指導教授推薦書
口試委員會審定書
誌謝 iii
中文摘要 iv
英文摘要 v
目錄 vi
表目錄 x
圖目錄 xi

第一章 文獻回顧 1
1.1流行病學 1
1.2紅血球的基本特徵 2
1.2.1紅血球型態學 2
1.2.2紅血球的分化與回收 2
1.3血液流變學 5
1.3.1血液；非牛頓液體 5
1.3.2不正常血液流變學 6
1.3.3紅血球膜蛋白 6
1.4低氧和常氧環境的區別 8
1.4.1氧化壓力對紅血球的影響 9
1.5運動的效益 11
1.6研究目的及研究假設 14
1.6.1研究目的 14
1.6.2研究假設 15
第二章 實驗設計 16
2.1研究對象 16
2.1.1試劑 16
2.1.2儀器 16
2.1.3耗材 18
2.2研究方法 19
2.2.1研究對象 19
2.2.2實驗流程 19
2.2.3最大、低氧運動測試及運動訓練 20
2.2.4血液生化實驗 22
2.2.4.1血液樣本的準備 22
2.2.4.2紅血球形狀 23
2.2.4.3紅血球細胞膜穩定性測試 24
2.2.4.4紅血球凝集性測試 25
2.2.4.5紅血球滲透壓耐受測試 25
2.2.4.6紅血球老化程度 25
2.2.4.7紅血球氧氣釋放程度 26
2.2.4.8統計分析 26
第三章 結果 28
3.1最大運動測試 28
3.1.1受試者基本資料與最大運動測試表現 28
3.1.2血液酸鹼值與乳酸變化 31
3.1.3紅血球參數變化 32
3.1.4紅血球形變能力 33
3.1.5紅血球滲透壓耐受變化 34
3.1.6紅血球凝集反應 34
3.1.7 衰老相關分子與網狀紅血球 35
3.1.8 紅血球形狀 35
3.1.9 氧氣釋放程度 35
3.2低氧運動測試 36
3.2.1血液酸鹼值與乳酸變化 36
3.2.2紅血球參數變化 37
3.2.3紅血球形變能力 39
3.2.4紅血球滲透壓耐受變化 39
3.2.5紅血球凝集反應 40
3.2.6衰老相關分子與網狀紅血球 40
3.2.7紅血球形狀 40
3.2.8氧氣釋放程度 40
第四章 討論 42
4.1訓練前後最大運動測試以及低氧運動測試表現 42
4.2訓練前後紅血球參數的變化 43
4.3訓練前後紅血球氧氣釋放程度變化 45
4.4研究限制 46
第五章 結論 47
參考文獻 48
圖表附錄 53

表目錄
表1、受試者基本資料與最大運動測試表現 53
表2、最大運動測試之血液酸鹼值與乳酸變化 54
表3、最大運動測試之紅血球參數變化 55
表4、最大運動測試之衰老相關分子與網狀紅血球以及紅血球形狀 56
表5、低氧運動測試之血液酸鹼值與乳酸變化 57
表6、低氧運動測試之紅血球參數變化 58
表7、低氧運動測試之衰老相關分子與網狀紅血球以及紅血球形狀 59

圖目錄
圖一、氧化壓力對紅血球的影響 60
圖二、氧化壓力對紅血球細胞膜的影響 61
圖三、實驗設計 62
圖四、最大運動測試 63
圖五、低氧運動測試 64
圖六、運動訓練 65
圖七、紅血球凝集測試參數定義 66
圖八、紅血球細胞型變參數 67
圖九、正常紅血球的流式細胞儀圖表 68
圖十、LORRCA儀器原理 69
圖十一、氧氣釋放程度實驗 70
圖十二、最大運動測試之紅血球形變能力 71
圖十三、最大運動測試之紅血球滲透壓耐受變化 72
圖十四、最大運動測試之紅血球凝集反應 73
圖十五、最大運動測試之氧氣釋放程度 74
圖十六、低氧運動測試之紅血球形變能力 75
圖十七、低氧運動測試之紅血球滲透壓耐受變化 76
圖十八、低氧運動測試之紅血球凝集反應 77
圖十九、低氧運動測試之氧氣釋放程度 78

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