臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

《被埋葬的巨人》，石黑一雄的第七部小說，描述一對失去記憶的不列顛夫婦－艾索和碧翠絲－為了尋找兒子而展開一趟奇幻的旅程。不同於石黑一雄先前的小說，總是圍繞在單一敘事者的記憶來回顧過去的經驗，《被埋葬的巨人》是透過不同的角色的觀點來構成整個故事情節的完整性。其中，最重要的是神話元素的點綴：迷霧和巨人，在這部小說中佔據著非常重要的地位。從表面上看，這部小說是描繪尋找失落記憶的奇幻旅程；然而，它實際上是敘述早期英國歷史的混亂狀態；也就是說，這部小說是歷史記憶和神話記憶的結合。正如歷史經驗的描述幾乎是通過神話故事和歷史傳說的形式來呈現給後人所知。因此，可以合理地說，神話是歷史的一部分，歷史也包含了神話。也就是說，在歷史記憶和神話記憶之間的虛構之處，一個人應該依據怎樣的什麼樣的標準來定義自己的民族身分。本論文第一章是檢視歷史記憶和神話記憶之間的模糊地帶,透過英國經典歷史傳說－亞瑟王－來探討歷史做神話被呈現出來時，記憶被編造的可能性。接下來，第二章探討了歷史記憶與神話記憶之間的聯繫。通過分析迷霧與巨人之間的位置，討論虛構記憶可以傳承下來，並且得以被後人所相信的原因。弗洛伊德在《圖騰和禁忌》這本著作裡解釋分析了這類議題。迷霧比喻為傳統禁忌，解釋記憶可以在禁忌（徘徊的霧）下被改寫，以及在禁忌被違反後（消失的霧）對虛構記憶的影響和逆轉。第三章討論了面對虛構記憶的情況下，遺忘和記得之間的取捨。這個章節透過不同主角的觀點來指出記憶的遺忘和記得之間的兩難抉擇。套用揚·阿斯曼的交流性和文化記憶，探討回憶不同的呈現方式以及記憶傳承的問題。結論就是，當人類的歷史經驗通過不同的形式傳承到不同的世代時，人們所吸收的所謂人類歷史就是由片段的歷史記憶和改編的神話記憶所組成的。換句話說，民族認同的建立很可能來自其他人的捏造。

The Buried Giant, Kazuo Ishiguro’s seventh novel, depicts a couple Axl and Beatrice, who having lost their memory, embark on a magical journey in search of their son. Different from his previous novels, which always focus on a single narrator’s memory to review the past, this novel provides the perspectives of different characters to put together the whole plot of the story. The most important feature is the embellishment of mythological elements; the mist and the giant, which occupy a very significant position in this novel. This novel depicts a fantastical journey taken by the couple in search of a lost memory; however, it is actually an account of the chaotic state of early British history. That is to say, this novel is a combination of historical memory and mythical memory, just as the presentation of historical experience is almost presented by the form of mythological stories or historical legends for posterity. Therefore, it is reasonable to say that myth is part of history, and history includes myth in it. That is to say, in the fabrication of historical memory and mythical memory, people should define their national identity according to their chosen standards. Therefore, this thesis attempts to argue that the fabrication of historical memory and mythological memory defines the national identity. Chapter one examines the fuzzy area between historical memory and mythical memory. Chapter two explores the connection between historical memory and mythical memory. Through the analysis of the position between the mist and the giant to discuss the cause of the fictional memory can be passed down and believed by future generations. From Sigmund Freud’s Totem and Taboo we learn to read the mist is a traditional taboo, which interprets how memory can be fabricated under the taboos (hovering mist), and the impact and reversal of fabricating memory after the taboo is violated (the vanishing mist). Chapter three discusses the choice between remembering and forgetting in historical fabrication. I will analyze throughout the perspectives of different protagonists to indicate the dilemma of the decision between remembering and forgetting. I will adopt Jan Assmann’s Communicative and Cultural Memory to explore the different presentations of recollection and the problem of the inheritance of memory. In Conclusion, Kazuo Ishiguro’s The Buried Giant reminds us that when historical experience is passed down to different generations through different forms, the so-called human history absorbed by people is oftentimes composed of the fragment historical memory and the modified mythical memory. That is to say, the establishment of national identity may come from the fabrication of others.

摘要----------------------------------------------------i
Abstract----------------------------------------------iii
Table of Contents---------------------------------------v
Introduction------------------------------------------1
Chapter One: The Grey Zone Between Historical and Mythical Memory--------------12
1.1. Historical Legend is A Foundation of National Identity----------------------17
1.2. From Anglo-Saxon to King Arthur in The Buried Giant----------------------23
Chapter Two: The Connection Between Historical and Mythical Memory In Mist---31
2.1. The Necessity of Mist versus The Implication of Buried Giant---------------34
2.2. The Outcome of The Vanishing Mist and The Unburied Giant---------------39
Chapter Three: Selection in the Fabrication of Memory----------------------------------47
3.1. Beatrice’s Remembering and Axl’s Forgetting----------------------------------50
3.2. Transmission and Acceptance in Wistan’s and Edwin’s Memory-------------57
Conclusion----------------------------------------62
Works Cited---------------------------------------66

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