臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

近幾年來，物聯網 (Internet of Things, IoT) 的技術變得愈來愈成熟，藍牙低功耗 (Bluetooth Low Energy, BLE) 作為物聯網中的一個通訊協定，具有成本低、耗電低以及在大多數手機上都能支援BLE。藍牙信標 (Bluetooth Beacon) 為基於藍牙低功耗的一項應用，能夠被廣泛的應用在許多情境中，像是商場購物或是室內導航等等應用。
本篇論文針對藍牙信標在商場購物的應用，藍牙信標會向消費者發送商品的資訊，消費者收到藍牙信標的訊息後，便會向藍牙信標發出請求，而藍牙信標會根據消費者的請求，推送消費者所需要的訊息，像是折價券或是商品促銷資訊等等。上述的流程會透過藍牙低功耗中的NDP (Neighbor Discovery Process) 來實現，但是在較多的消費者同時對藍牙信標送出請求會造成NDP成功率降低以及NDP延遲時間過長，導致消費者體驗不佳。
因此本篇論文提出了EWAB方法，有別以往NDP成功率較低的方法，讓消費者的手機利用藍牙信標所送出的廣播中所夾帶的資訊，提升NDP的成功率，改善NDP延遲時間，並且在請求過多發生擁塞的情況下，讓等候較久的消費者手機有著較高的優先權，改善擁塞的情況。

In recent years, the technology of the IoT (Internet of Things) has become more and more mature. BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy) is a protocol in the IoT. For BLE, it has low cost, low power consumption, and is supported on most types of mobile phones. Bluetooth Beacon which is widely used in many situations, such as shopping malls and indoor navigation is an application based on BLE.

This paper is aimed at the Bluetooth beacon application in the shopping mall. The Bluetooth beacon sends the product information to the consumer. After the consumer receives the message from the Bluetooth beacon, the consumer sends a request to the Bluetooth beacon. Then, the Bluetooth beacon sends the information again according to the request of the consumer, such as a discount coupon, product promotion information and so on. The above process is implemented by NDP (Neighbor Discovery Process) in BLE. When more consumers simultaneously send the requests to the Bluetooth beacon, the successful probability of NDP decreases and then the latency time of NDP increases. It leads to poor consumer experience.

Therefore, in this thesis, the EWAB method is proposed. It differs from other methods appear the lower successful probability of NDP. The consumer with mobile phone can use the information contained in the broadcast sent by the Bluetooth beacon to improve the successful probability and the latency time of NDP. In addition, when many requests of the consumer are sent in the congestion situation, the consumer with waiting for a long time has higher priority to send the request and improve congestion situation.

誌謝 i
摘要 ii
Abstract iii
目次 iv
表目次 vi
圖目次 vii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 簡介 1
1.2 研究動機與貢獻 2
1.3 論文架構 5
第二章 背景知識 6
2.1 前言 6
2.2 藍牙低功耗 6
2.2.1 實體層 7
2.2.2資料連結層 8
2.2.3 Neighbor Discovery Process 10
2.2.4 退避程序 11
2.3 相關文獻 13
2.3.1 NDP參數設定 13
2.3.2 NDP backoff procedure 14
2.3.3 NDP成功機率 14
第三章 研究方法 17
3.1 設計構想 17
3.2 系統架構與方法總覽 17
3.2.1 Early Wake-up (EW) 21
3.2.2 Access Barring (AB) 24
3.2.3 Backoff mechanism 26
第四章 數學分析 31
4.1 數學分析 31
4.1.1 NDP 成功率 31
4.1.2 NDP 延遲時間 36
4.2 數學分析與模擬 37
第五章 實驗結果 41
5.1 實驗環境 41
5.2 實驗結果 45
第六章 結論 55
參考文獻 56

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