臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

傳統測量關節角度之方法準確度及重複性較低，無法即時顯示、紀錄數據，亦無法將數據上傳至雲端平台，而關節活動（Range of motion；ROM）度對於復健療程的評估、成效來說是一個相當重要的指標，醫師及治療師能透過此指標來給予適當的復健療程，避免造成傷害。
中風是中、老年人常見的腦部疾病，中風後部分腦細胞壞死，使特定的運動神經元異常興奮，進而導致肌肉緊繃、痙攣或無力。中風後前三個月是復健黃金期，約可恢復85%的行走能力，即早介入與執行，能使肢體能力盡早恢復至接近原先未發病時的狀況。除了花費治療時間以外，病患必須長期舟車勞頓，花費龐大的時間與金錢，且治療時枯燥乏味，進而降低復健意願。
故本研究利用體積小、靈敏度高的三軸加速度感測器量測動態關節角度，並且開發手部復健系統，量測關節角度模式透過韌體讀取三軸加速度，利用數學公式計算相對角度，經由藍芽傳輸數據至手機APP即時顯示並畫曲線圖，使用者自行決定是否要紀錄及上傳數據至雲端平台；復健遊戲模式透過韌體讀取三軸加速度，經由藍芽傳輸數據至手機APP換算成相對應之螢幕像素，使用者控制感測器達到遊戲所設定之任務即可得分，使用者自行決定是否要紀錄及上傳數據至雲端平台。結果顯示模擬膝關節角度實驗準確度皆在±3度內；模擬髖關節角度實驗準確度皆在±6度內；膝、髖關節人體試驗準確度皆在±6度內。此結果證明，本研究能媲美市售之昂貴儀器，不僅能量測準確的關節角度，亦達到便攜性、居家化、有效率且有趣的復健，提升病患復健意願，解決人力資源等問題。

The accuracy and repeatability of the traditional method of measuring joint angle is fairly low and unable to instantly display, record and upload the data onto cloud drive. The degree of the range of motion is an important standard for rehabilitation program analysis and efficacy of the program. Doctors and physiotherapists will develop a comprehensive treatment plan based on the measurements to avoid causing harm to the patient.
Stroke is a fairly common disease on middle aged and elderly people that causes brain cells to degrade which leads to abnormal excitation in certain motor neurons. This then causes muscle tensions, muscle weakness and spasms. The first 3 months after an occurrence of stroke is the golden recovery period where it's possible to recover about 85% of your walking ability. The earlier the rehabilitation process takes place, the better the restoration of the limb's ability will be. However, the rehabilitation process is expensive and often uninteresting which requires a lot of time and patience from the patient. This often caused unwillingness in patients to take part in the rehabilitation process.
To overcome the problem, this research uses a small and sensitive 3-axis accelerameter to obtain the dynamic joint angle measurement as well as develop a hand rehabilitation application. The application consists of two modes where the first mode calculates the relative angle based on the measurements obtained from the 3-axis accelerameter. The data is then transferred to the mobile application via Bluetooth and instantly displays the data and a curve diagram. The user is then able to upload the data onto the cloud drive. The second mode is the rehabilitation game mode which will transform the obtained data to the screen pixels on the mobile app. The user will score points using the sensor by accomplishing the required missions on the game. The data can then be uploaded to cloud drive as well.The result of the project shows that the accuracy of analogue of knee joint angle measurement is within 3 degrees and the analogue of hip joint angle is within 6 degrees. As for the result for human test, the accuracy for both knee and hip joint is within 6 degrees. The result proves that this research is on par with the currently available machines on the market which are expensive. In addition to high joint angle measurement accuracy, the project also has high mobility which is suitable to be used in own houses. Most importantly, the rehabilitation process will be interesting which increases the willingness of patients to participate and persist in completing the rehabilitation process.

摘要 i
Abstract ii
目錄 iii
表目錄 vi
圖目錄 vii
第1章 緒論 1
1.1. 研究動機 1
1.2. 研究目的 2
1.3. 研究論文架構 2
第2章 文獻回顧 3
2.1. 人體解剖學概述 3
2.1.1. 人體活動面 3
2.1.2. 關節 3
2.2. 中風介紹 4
2.2.1. 分類 4
2.2.2. 徵狀 4
2.3. 量測關節角度之現況 5
2.3.1. 靜態量測關節角度 5
2.3.2. 動態量測關節角度 6
2.4. 復健之現況 8
第3章 實驗材料與研究方法 10
3.1. 實驗材料與儀器設備 10
3.2. 系統架構 11
3.2.1. 硬體 12
3.2.1.1. 量測角度模式 12
3.2.1.2. 復健遊戲模式 15
3.2.1.3. 鋰電池充放電評估方法 16
3.2.1.4. 外觀設計 17
3.2.2. 韌體 20
3.2.2.1. 量測角度模式 21
3.2.2.2. 復健遊戲模式 22
3.2.3. 軟體 22
3.2.3.1. 量測角度模式 23
3.2.3.2. 復健遊戲模式 23
3.3. 感測器穿戴位置 26
3.3.1. 量測角度模式 26
3.3.2. 復健遊戲模式 26
3.4. 實驗設計 27
3.4.1. 量測角度模式 27
3.4.2. 復健遊戲模式 29
3.5. 開發環境 32
3.6. 數據分析 32
第4章 實驗結果與討論 33
4.1. 準確度及重複性評估結果 33
4.1.1. 模擬膝關節量測結果 33
4.1.2. 模擬髖關節量測結果 40
4.2. 膝關節量測結果（人體試驗） 46
4.3. 髖關節量測結果（人體試驗） 50
4.4.軟體開發結果 54
4.4.1. 量測角度模式 54
4.4.2. 復健遊戲模式 54
4.5. 鋰電池充放電評估結果 59
4.5.1. 鋰電池充電評估結果 59
4.5.2. 鋰電池放電評估結果 59
4.6. 討論 61
4.7. 本研究與市售產品比較 61
4.8. 本系統規格 62
第5章 結論與未來展望 63
5.1. 結論 63
5.2. 未來展望 63
參考文獻 64
附錄一 68
附錄二 76

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