臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究旨在分析國小六年級兒童作文中出現的修辭方式，探討兒童運用各種修辭方式的技巧，了解兒童運用修辭方式時出現的錯誤，作為老師作文教學的參考。本研究以嘉義地區國小六年級兒童為對象，依據黃慶萱（民81）的修辭方式分類，編製「國小兒童作文之修辭方式類目表」，據以分析兒童作文中運用修辭方式的文句及段落共1845筆資料，接著依據所得資料，分別檢視是否符合各種修辭方式的原則，並發揮各種修辭方式的作用，進行修辭方式的技巧分析，並將其產生的錯誤加以歸類。本研究的發現如下：一、兒童作文中出現各修辭方式的分布情形1.兒童作文中出現調整表意方法或設計優美形式兩大類修辭方式的次數相當，但各種修辭方式的次數分布極不平均，次數的多寡相差懸殊。2.、兒童作文中常出現的修辭方式有五種，分別為：類疊、感嘆、譬喻、摹寫、對偶。3.、兒童作文中未出現的修辭方式有六種，分別為：藏詞、析字、雙關、象徵、層遞、頂真。二、兒童的修辭技巧分析1. 兒童在各種修辭方式上都有少數運用極為恰當的例子，大部分兒童運用的情形尚稱良好。2. 兒童運用修辭技巧較佳的修辭方式有感嘆、誇飾、轉化、對偶、類疊等五種修辭。3. 兒童運用修辭技巧較差的修辭方式，有呼告、借代、設問、映襯四種。4.、兒童作文中出現的錯誤可歸納為：語文能力的問題與修辭方式錯誤兩種，屬於語文能力的錯誤共出現九類，屬於修辭方式的錯誤共出現十六類。5. 兒童在設計優美形式的修辭方式上的錯誤遠低於在調整表意方法的修辭方式。此外，依本研究的發現，對國小作文教學及未來研究提供進一步的建議。

The analysis of rhetoric technics of sixth grade children composition -- for Chia-Yi areaA Thesis for the Master Degree of Education SHIANG-JU,CHENNation Chiayi Teacher College,1997AbstractThe purpose of this research is to analyze the rhetoric manner、discuss the rhetoric technics and understand rhetoric error in the composition of sixth grade children for the reference of teaching.The 1845 items of the sentences and paragraphs in children composition which is acquired from the sixth grade children in the Chia-Yi area that manipulate the rhetoric manner are analyzed by the「The table of rhetoric manner of elementary school children''s composition」which is based on the rhetoric classification of Huang Ching-Shung（1992）.Using these data examine whether if match the rhetoric principle and manipulate the rhetoric manner to classify the errors.The results of this study are:1、The situation of various kind of rhetoric manners appearance：（1）The groups that adjustment of expressive meaning method and designation of graceful style method appear equivalently same time, but the appearing occasion of every rhetoric manner are different.（2）There are five kinds of rhetoric manner appearing frequently in the children composition. That is repetition, exclamation, simile, imitation and couple.（3） There are six kinds of rhetoric manner never appear in the children composition. That is hidden phrase, dissemble word, pun, symbolization, gradation and catchword repetition. 2、The analysis of children rhetoric technics：（1）There are very few examples that children can use the proper rhetoric manners very well. Most of children can do fine.（2） The better rhetoric technics children use is ： exclamation, hyperbole, personification, couple and repetition.（3） The poor rhetoric technics children use is ： apostrophe, synecdoche, rhetorical question and antithesis.（4）The errors appear in composition are attributed to language ability(9 categories) and rhetoric error(16 categories).（5） The errors of designation of graceful style method are much lower than those of adjustment of expressive meaning method. Beyond that, base on the result of this study, can provide further suggestion of composition teaching and research in the elementary school.