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This study examined the interaction between goal setting, goal commitment, and self-efficacy on mathematical task per- formance. Furthermore, a causal path model of goal setting, goal commitment, self-efficacy, and mathematical task per- formance was proposed and tested for its fitness. This research used experimental method. The subjects of this study were 1568 children sampled at the stage of designing instruments and pilot study. At the field experiment stage, 120 elementary children completed five kinds of measures: Goal Com- mitment Scale, Self-Set Goal Sheet, Self-Efficacy Scale, Mathe- matical Test-A, and Mathematical Test-B. Data obtained in this study were analyzed by three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) , a posteriori comparisons, and linear structural relation ana- lysis (LISREL). The main conclusions were as follows: 1. There was a significant interaction between goal setting, goal commitment, and self-efficacy on mathematical task performance. 2. The LISREL results showed that the causal path model fitted the data well. Based on the results and conclusions, some suggestions for teaching and furture research were proposed.
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