臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究以絹雲母為添加劑添加於面漿與背漿中，探討絹雲母對泥漿基本性能的影響，並與未添加添加劑之泥漿性能作比較。在陶殼模方面，分別添加於背漿及背砂，探討絹雲母對陶殼模基本性能影響。
泥漿性能方面，主要探討添加劑對泥漿流變性、pH值所產生的變化進行量測。而陶殼模性能方面，分別探討添加劑添加於背漿及背砂對陶殼模的性能影響，主要針對陶殼模破斷強度、高溫透氣度及乾燥時間進行量測。
研究結果顯示：泥漿性能方面，無論添加於面漿或背漿，添加絹雲母均具有防沉降作用。且隨著添加量增加，泥漿pH值下降程度有減緩趨勢，故可延長泥漿壽命。而泥漿穩定時間方面，面漿與背漿均隨著絹雲母添加量增加而泥漿達到穩定時間隨之增長。
在陶殼模性能方面，當絹雲母添加於背漿時，陶殼模高溫及溼態破斷強度隨著添加量增加而增加，而殘留破斷強度有下降趨勢。添加於背砂時，當添加3wt%時陶殼模高溫及溼態破斷強度增加，殘留破斷強度則下降，添加至5wt%時，添加量已達飽和，故於沾漿、淋砂過程時易造成分層現象，使高溫、濕態及殘留破斷強度較添加3wt%低。
高溫透氣度方面，當添加於背漿時，其透氣度隨添加量增加而下降。而添加於背砂時，添加3wt%時透氣度下降，添加5wt%則陶殼模高溫透氣度有提升的現象。
在乾燥時間方面，無論添加背漿或背砂，均隨著添加量增加而增加。在不同燒結持溫時間與燒結升溫速度對未添加絹雲母陶殼模高溫及殘留破斷強度方面，隨著持溫時間增加，陶殼模高溫及殘留破斷強度增加。而升溫速度方面，減緩升溫速度，對陶殼模高溫及殘留破斷強度有增加趨勢。
最後利用田口方法求得陶殼模高溫及殘留破斷強度最佳參數，在高溫破斷強度方面，即添加5wt%、升溫速度為900 ºC /60min及持溫時間1h。至於殘留破斷強度方面，為添加5wt%、升溫速度為900 ºC /30min及持溫時間2h。

The effects of sericite additive on the basic and rheological properties of the primary and backup slurry have been studied. Meanwhile, the properties of no-sericite added slurry have also been studied and compared. For ceramic shell mold, the effects of sericite additive on the properties of the backup slurry and backup stucco for ceramic shell mold have been studied.
As to the effects of additive on the slurry, the change of rheological properties, pH value was measured. As for the effects of additive on the ceramic shell mold, two ways of adding additive were practiced, ie. added to the backup slurry and to the stucco, then, the measurement of MOR (green strength, hot strength and fired strength), high temperature permeability and drying time were performed.
The results showed, for the properties of the slurry, either added to the primary slurry or to the backup slurry, addition of the sericite can slow down the slurry setting effect. And with the increase of the added amount, the trend of the decrease of pH for slurry was relaxed; therefore, the life of the slurry was extended. As for the time needed for the slurry stabilization, both the time required for primary and backup slurry were increased with the increased sericite amount added.
As to the ceramic shell mold properties, when sericite was added to the backup slurry, both the green strength and hot strength were increased with the increase of the additive, and the trend for fired strength was reduced. When the 3wt% sericite was added to the backup stucco, both green strength and hot strength were increased, and for fired strength, was lowered. When the added amount up to saturation, i.e. 5wt% sericite, the layers of the ceramic shell mold would be found when dipping and stuccoing. Therefore, all the green strength, hot strength and fired strength were lowered when compared to the 3wt% sericite added.
As to the high temperature permeability, when added to the backup slurry, the permeability was decreased with the increase of the added sericite. For the case of adding to the stucco, the permeability was reduced when added 3wt% sericite. When 5wt% sericite was added the high temperature permeability was increased.
For the drying time, either added to the backup slurry or backup stucco, the drying time were increased with the increased added amount. As to the effects of different sintering duration and different heating rates on the properties of the no-sericite added ceramic shell mold were shown as follows: with the increasing of the sintering duration, the hot strength and fired strength were increased. Reducing the heating rates were in favor of the trend of the increase of hot strength and fired strength.
The optimal parameters for hot and fired strength of the ceramic shell mold were obtained by the application of Taguchi Method.
For the respect of hot strength: sericite addition: 5wt%
heating rate: 900 ºC /60 min
sintering duration: 1h
For the respect of fired strength: sericite addition: 5wt%
heating rate: 900 ºC /30 min
sintering duration: 2h

致 謝 I
摘 要 II
ABSTRACT IV
目 錄 VI
表 目 錄 X
圖 目 錄 XI
第一章 緒 論 - 1 -
1.1 研究背景 - 1 -
1.2 精密鑄造特色及種類 - 2 -
1.2.1 精密鑄造特色 - 3 -
1.2.2 精密鑄造種類 - 6 -
1.3 精密鑄造泥漿添加劑 - 7 -
1.4 研究動機與目的 - 10 -
第二章 理論基礎與前人研究 - 11 -
2.1 絹雲母 - 11 -
2.2.1 絹雲母組成與結構 - 11 -
2.2.2 絹雲母性質 - 12 -
2.2.3 絹雲母工業應用之研究 - 13 -
2.2 田口式品質工程 - 15 -
2.2.1 田口品質工程原理 - 16 -
2.2.2 田口品質工程步驟 - 16 -
2.2.3 直交表 - 17 -
2.2.4 信號與雜訊比 - 18 -
2.2.5 田口品質特性種類 - 18 -
2.2.6 交互作用 - 20 -
2.2.7 變異數分析 - 21 -
2.3 精密鑄造泥漿及陶殼模特性 - 23 -
2.3.1 泥漿特性 - 23 -
2.3.2 陶殼模特性 - 26 -
2.4 文獻回顧 - 29 -
2.4.1 絹雲母文獻回顧 - 29 -
2.4.2 陶殼模添加劑文獻回顧 - 29 -
第三章 實驗方法與步驟 - 31 -
3.1 實驗流程 - 31 -
3.1.1 實驗流程與步驟說明 - 33 -
3.1.2 陶殼模試片製程 - 35 -
3.1.3 高溫透氣度試片 - 36 -
3.2 實驗材料 - 37 -
3.2.1 黏結劑 - 37 -
3.2.2 耐火材料 - 37 -
3.2.3 添加劑 - 39 -
3.3 實驗儀器 - 40 -
3.3.1 攪拌設備 - 40 -
3.3.2 破斷強度試驗機 - 42 -
3.3.3 高溫透氣度試驗機 - 42 -
3.3.4 pH量測儀 - 44 -
3.3.5 高溫燒結爐 - 44 -
3.3.6 流變儀 - 45 -
3.4 實驗環境 - 45 -
第四章 結果與討論 - 46 -
4.1 絹雲母添加劑對泥漿性能影響 - 46 -
4.1.1 絹雲母添加劑對泥漿黏度及流變性影響 - 46 -
4.1.2 絹雲母添加劑對泥漿pH值影響 - 48 -
4.1.3 添加絹雲母對泥漿保水特性影響 - 50 -
4.1.4 絹雲母添加劑對泥漿沉降影響 - 52 -
4.2 絹雲母添加劑對陶殼模性能影響 - 54 -
4.2.1 絹雲母添加劑對陶殼模破斷強度影響 - 54 -
4.2.2 絹雲母添加劑對陶殼模透氣度影響 - 59 -
4.2.3 絹雲母添加劑對陶殼模乾燥程度影響 - 61 -
4.3 不同燒結時間對陶殼模破斷強度影響 - 66 -
4.4 田口式實驗 - 67 -
4.4.1 選擇直交表與因子水準說明 - 67 -
4.4.2 陶殼模高溫破斷強度田口實驗 - 68 -
4.4.2.1 陶殼模高溫破斷強度因子反應 - 68 -
4.2.2.2 陶殼模高溫破斷強度因子交互作用 - 69 -
4.2.2.3 陶殼模高溫破斷強度變異數分析 - 71 -
4.4.3 陶殼模殘留破斷強度田口實驗 - 71 -
4.4.3.1 陶殼模殘留破斷強度因子反應 - 71 -
4.4.3.2 陶殼模殘留破斷強度因子交互作用 - 73 -
4.4.3.3 陶殼模殘留破斷強度變異數分析 - 74 -
第五章 結論 - 75 -
參 考 文 獻 - 77 -
附 錄 - 83 -
附錄A - 83 -
附錄B - 84 -
個人介紹 - 85 -

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