臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

無線感測網路是一種新興技術，可實現遠端監控目標及監督環境的變化，其中目標追蹤(Target Tracking)是無線感測網路的重要應用之一，在目前目標追中的研究中，大都注重在如何精確的追蹤目標的位置，而未探討如何將收集到資訊，回傳給移動中的行動匯集點；在某些應用中，行動匯集點可能需要主動追蹤它有興趣的目標。本論文是在探討當匯集點會移動的情況下，如何有效地將移動目標的訊息傳送給行動匯集點，讓行動匯集點能根據訊息快速地追到有興趣的目標。 本篇論文利用兩階層網格架構來收集與傳遞目標資料，第一層會選出網格代表（Grid head）來聚合區域內所產生的封包；第二層會選出跨網格代表（Inter-grid head）來收集網格代表所傳來的目標資訊，並將此訊息提供給行動匯集點。行動匯集點可以從最近的跨網格代表查詢到目標的相關訊息。為了讓行動匯集點能更快速的追上目標，本論文提出在跨網格代表回報訊息給行動匯集點時，利用目標的移動特性，預測目標未來的移動位置，加快追上目標的時間。模擬結果顯示，我們所提出的方法能快速的追上目標，並且也較省電。

The wireless sensor network is an emerging technology that enables target tracking and environmental monitoring. Target tracking is one of the most important applications in wireless sensor networks. Previous researches on target tracking focus on accurately tracking the target. They do not address the issue of how to transmit tracking messages to the mobile sink. In some applications, the sink is required to move so as to catch up with the target. In this paper, we focus on how to efficiently transmit the target information to the mobile sink and to allow the mobile sink to catch up with the target quickly. We propose a two-tiered grid architecture for gathering and transmitting the target information. The first tier grid is the regional grid in which a grid head is chosen to aggregate the target information. The second tier grid is the inter-regional grid where an inter-regional grid head is chosen to gather the target information from the regional grid heads for the mobile sink. Moreover, to enable the mobile sink to catch up with the target quickly, we propose a method to predict the movement of the target so that the mobile sink can move towards to the future location of the target. The simulation results show that our proposed method allows the mobile sink to quickly overtake the target with less energy consumption compared with the existing methods.

中文摘要 II
Abstract III
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 VIII
第1章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究動機 5
1.3 研究架構 7
第2章 相關研究 8
2.1 Mobile Object Tracking in Wireless Sensor Network 8
2.2 A Lightweight Approach to Mobile Multicasting in WSNs 11
2.3 Prediction-based Multi-Level Object Tracking in WSNs 14
2.4 Prediction-based Strategies for Energy Saving in OTSN 17
2.5 Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy 19
第3章 研究方法 21
3.1 系統模型 23
3.2 網格架構 24
3.3 目標追蹤策略 28
3.3.1 匯集點查詢方法 28
3.3.2 目標訊息回報方法 31
3.3.3 預測方法 34
第4章 模擬結果與分析 37
4.1 模擬環境假設 37
4.2 模擬參數設定 38
4.3 模擬結果分析 39
4.3.1 比較追蹤目標的時間 43
4.3.2 比較平均距離 45
4.3.3 比較電量消耗 47
4.3.4 比較追蹤率 49
第5章 結論與未來展望 50
參考文獻 51

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