臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

黃嘴角鴞（Otus spilocephalus hambroecki）為台灣特有亞種鳥類，為二級保育類野生動物，對其所生存的低海拔山坡地的開發可能造成其生存上的威脅。為了了解黃嘴角鴞豐度與區塊類型及空間結構組成的關係，本研究選取了台灣東部花蓮縣壽豐鄉附近三處低海拔山坡地，配合五分鐘黃嘴角鴞鳴聲回播進行黃嘴角鴞數量夜間調查。並且分析鳴聲回播對調查結果的影響。於2003年4月至5月，在三處山坡地對61個樣點，沿樣線每點共進行了四回調查。調查中分別紀錄下每樣點在回播前及後的角鴞鳴聲數量。使用ArcView軟體將樣點周圍半徑150公尺中的區塊進行劃分，並使用Fragstats軟體計算26項地景指數。每點所紀錄到的黃嘴角鴞數量平均值及最大值，在鳴聲回播前與後之間，有顯著差異。環境組成分析結果中，建築物及道路所佔面積比例，及地景歧異度與黃嘴角鴞數量呈負相關，森林、次生灌叢及建築物各自的平均間距則與數量成輕微正相關，建築物的平均間距還與黃嘴角鴞出現的穩定度成正相關。然而所有的相關係數都很低。以所有區塊類型的面積比例及平均間距建立的複迴歸模式，與黃嘴角鴞數量有顯著相關。回播後紀錄數量的上升顯示鳴聲回播在黃嘴角鴞數量調查中，在提高對個體的偵測力上，有正面的幫助。此外，雖然區塊組成的變動在研究區中對黃嘴角鴞數量影響輕微，但建築物及道路等人工設施對角鴞數量潛在的負面影響，仍然値得注意。

Mountain scops owl (Otus spilocephalus hambroecki) is an endemic subspecies in Taiwan, and is listed as “Rare and Valuable Species” in wildlife conservation law. The survival of the species may be threatened by habitat exploitation in lower elevation areas in Taiwan. In order to investigate the relationship between spatial structure of habitat patches and the abundance of mountain scops owl, I conducted night surveys with playbacks of mountain scops owl vocalization in three mountain areas near Shoufeng, Hualien, in eastern Taiwan. The effect of playback technique on the survey results was also evaluated. The surveys were made at 61 sampling stations with four visits per station along trails in the three areas in April and May 2003. Numbers of calling owls before and after playback broadcasting were recorded. Habitat patches within circular plots of 150m radius were delineated by ArcView and 26 landscape indices were calculated by Fragstats. The mean and the maximum number of owls per station before and after playback was different. The percentage of area coverage of buildings and roads and landscape diversity index were negatively correlated to the number of owls. The mean distance between patches of forest, secondary bush and building are positively correlated to number of owls. The mean distance between buildings was positively correlated to the stability of presence of owls. However, values of all the correlation coefficients were low. The result of multiple regression of percentage of landscape and mean distance of all types of patches were correlated to the number of owls. In summary, playbacks increased the detection probability to owls. Moreover, although the relationship between habitat patch composition and the number of mountain scops owls was weak, but the potential negative effect of buildings and roads on the abundance of owls deserves special attention.

1.前言1
2.黃嘴角鴞簡介4
3.研究方法5
3.1研究地5
3.2黃嘴角鴞數量調查5
3.3地景資料的處理6
3.4資料分析9
4.結果10
4.1鳴聲回播效果10
4.2棲地組成與黃嘴角鴞數量關係10
4.2.1三條調查路線的棲地組成10
4.2.2區塊面積與黃嘴角鴞數量關係11
4.2.3區塊隔離性與黃嘴角鴞數量關係11
4.2.4地景多樣性與黃嘴角鴞數量關係12
4.3其他影響調查結果的因子12
5.討論12
5.1鳴聲回播效果12
5.2棲地組成與黃嘴角鴞數量之關係14
5.3其他影響因子16
5.4檢討與期望17
6.結論20
7.引用文獻21

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