臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文分析風力發電廠併聯電網時電壓品質及穩定問題和虛斥劦v的原理。未經虛斥劦v的風力發電機組可能引起輸配電系統的電壓波動，由輸配電系統的電壓變化而引起的風力發電機端電壓降很容易導致切機(trip)，而反覆切機將會縮短風力發電機壽命，所以對風場進行合理有效的虛斥劦v是極其重要的。
當固定電容器組作為一種傳統的虛斥劦v方法逐漸顯現弊端時，如補償不足、易產生共振等，我們可將彈性交流輸電系統(FACTS)設備運用到風電廠以提高其運行的穩定性。我們以PSCAD (Power System Computer Aided Design，電力系統電腦輔助設計) 模擬軟體建立整個系統，風力發電機組採用裝置背對背電力轉換器的變速定頻非同步風力發電機。我們在6組風力發電機組下加入靜態同步補償器(Static Synchronous Compensator; STATCOM)，再於各種風速擾動(強風、坡風、亂風)以及兩種故障(單相接地故障、三相故障)的情形下進行模擬，並探討其模擬結果。

In this thesis, we analyze the voltage quality and stability problems for wind farm connecting to power system, and the principles of reactive power compensation. Wind generation units without proper reactive compensation devices may induce voltage fluctuations to the system. Moreover, voltage variations from transmission system may lead to voltage sags at wind generator terminal and frequent tripping would occur, which would reduce the life time of wind generators.
Using fixed capacitor for reactive power compensation has some problems, for example, insufficient compensation or resonance induction, and etc. Combination of STATCOM (Synchronous static compensator) with wind farms enhances the stability of the system. Simulated systems are developed in PSCAD (Power System Computer Aided Design). Variable speed asynchronous generator with back to back power converter acts as a wind turbine generator. A STATCOM is connected in parallel to the 6 wind generators. Three types of wind (gust wind, ramp wind and noise wind) and 2 types of faults (single line-to-ground fault and three phase fault) are simulated and the results are discussed.

第一章 緒論 1
1-1研究背景與動機 1
1-2國內外風力發展近況 2
1-3論文架構 3
第二章 風力發電之原理、特性和種類 5
2-1風力發電簡介及其原理 5
2-2風力發電機組特性 7
2-3 感應發電機簡介 9
2-4 風力發電系統分類 13
2-5 風力發電機葉片之控制方式 15
第三章 雙饋感應電機向量模型 16
3-1座標軸轉換 16
3-2感應發電機數學模型推導 19
3-3感應機數學模型之空間向量表示式 26
第四章 風力發電機控制模型簡介 28
4-1雙饋發電機簡介 28
4-2 雙饋控制系統建構 28
4-2-1 雙饋式風力發電機組架構圖 28
4-2-2風場主架構 31
4-2-3 背對背電力轉換器主架構 31
4-2-4 雙饋式感應發電機模組 37
第五章 靜態同步補償器 39
5-1 靜態同步補償器簡介 39
5-2 靜態同步補償器基本動作原理 40
5-3 靜態同步補償器架構 41
5-4控制方式 45
5-5 NEMA不平衡率、負序電壓及零序電壓不平衡率簡介 46
5-6 以對稱分量為基礎之控制器設計 48
第六章 多機組風力發電系統結合STATCOM之模擬比較分析 49
6-1 模擬系統簡介及暫態模擬 50
6-2 風速變化模擬分析比較 53
6-2-1 多機組風速變化分析比較 53
6-2-2風速變化模擬結論 64
6-3 故障模擬 (單相接地故障及三相接地故障) 69
6-3-1 三相接地故障模擬分析 70
6-3-1-1 故障點於電網端 70
6-3-1-2 故障點於風力發電機組輸出端 72
6-3-1-3 故障點於第一臺風力發電機組 75
6-3-2 單相接地故障模擬分析 79
6-3-2-1 故障點於電網端 79
6-3-2-2 故障點於風力發電機組輸出端 82
6-3-2-3故障點於第一臺風力發電機組 85
6-3-3 故障模擬結論 89
第七章 結論及未來研究之方向 95
7-1 結論 95
7-2 未來研究之方向 96

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