臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究主要探討運用「瞬時角速度分析法」診斷引擎點火失效故障之準確性，透過裝置於曲軸或凸輪軸之角度編碼器擷取引擎角速度資訊進行分析診斷，再以「樣式辨認」及「門檻值設定」的方式定位出故障汽缸。然而6缸以上之多缸引擎「動力重疊」的現象相當明顯，使得引擎單缸點火失效的故障診斷難度相對提升。
實驗過程以8缸四行程柴油引擎為主要受測引擎，探討分析多缸引擎點火失效之故障狀態與徵兆。利用「瞬時角速度分析法」擷取引擎角速度資訊，透過資料擷取系統結合控制軟體，將所擷取之角速度資料進行分析運算，並開發出以「動力行程角加速度特性」與「比較角速度圖形」之診斷技術。研究結果顯示即使應用於「動力重疊」特性明顯之多缸引擎，依然能有效診斷出點火失效汽缸。藉由此兩種診斷技術可發展一套預兆式診斷管理系統(Prognostic Health Management, PHM)，除了提升引擎故障診斷的準確性與效率外，也提出此診斷技術移植至實車使用之可行性。
本文亦針對「動態負荷」及「引擎工作溫度」對於引擎動力失效診斷的準確度之影響進行探討。

The main purpose of this study is to discuss the accuracy of the instantaneous angular speed (IAS) analysis methods using on the engine misfire detection. The IAS analysis is a common method to detect the engine malfunction of misfiring. The signal of IAS can be measured by the rotary encoder installed on the crankshaft or the camshaft. By analyzing the signal of the IAS, the principles of pattern recognition and threshold value setting were selected to identify the faulty cylinder. However, the characteristic of the “overlapping of the power stroke” in multi-cylinder engine increases the difficulty and complexity of the engine diagnosis.
Experiments were performed with an 8-cylinder, V-type, 4-stroke diesel engine. Through the IAS analysis methods and the DAQ system coordinating with control software, the novel diagnostic techniques based on the characteristic of the angular acceleration in the power stroke and the comparison of the angular speed patterns were deveploed in this study. These techniques are more reliable to identify the misfire of the multi-cylinder engine with the obvious characteristic of the overlapping of the power stroke. The PHM (Prognostic Health Management) system based on these techniques has been developed to promote the efficiency of engine diagnosis. The feasibility of the PHM system installing on the automobile engine has been proved in this study.
In this research, it also points out that the dynamic load testing is more reliable than steady load testing. The engine temperature is another key factor which can affect the accuracy of the diagnosis.

誌謝 ii
摘要 iv
Abstract v
目錄 vi
表目錄 viii
圖目錄 xii
1. 前言 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 研究方向 2
1.3 論文架構 5
2. 文獻回顧 6
2.1 角速度偵測引擎故障診斷原理 6
2.2 訊號處理與分析 12
3. 實驗設備與器材簡介 17
3.1 內燃機實驗室 17
3.2 光學角度編碼器 23
3.3 LabVIEW軟體簡介 24
3.4 資料擷取系統 25
4. 研究方法 26
4.1 實驗方法 26
4.2 資料擷取與訊號分析 26
4.3 引擎故障模擬設定 38
5. 實驗結果與討論 39
5.1 故障診斷方法 39
5.2 診斷結果 42
5.3 修正檢測方法 96
5.4 角速度圖形比較法 121
5.5 動態測試 141
5.6 引擎工作溫度對診斷結果之影響 147
6. 結論與未來展望 155
參考文獻 157
自傳 160

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