臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文利用三極式電容器及電化學測試電池對試片進行直流充放電測試，比較有無壓錠及有無經超音波震盪的膨脹石墨之充、放電比電容量，以評估是否能將膨脹石墨應用於超級電容之電極。另一測試為，將膨脹石墨與環氧樹脂混合，經過顆粒分離機處理製成複合材料， 利用共振腔測量法測試此材料在頻率6∼15 GHz間之吸波效能，並比較不同EG含量（重量百分比0 %∼5 %）與不同試片厚度（1、2、2.5、3 mm）對吸波效能之影響。
經實驗後得知，不管是否經過震盪，未壓錠之試片其充、放電比電容量可達壓錠過後之試片的50倍以上；經震盪且壓錠的試片效能優於未震盪有壓錠之試片，但經震盪未壓錠的試片效能卻低於未震盪且未壓錠之試片。吸波效能實驗得知此種膨脹石墨與環氧樹脂之複合材料沒辦法有效吸收電磁波，改變EG含量或試片厚度，在本實驗中皆無法明顯增加其吸波效能。

In this thesis, we employed three-electrode electrochemical system and electrochemical half-cell to measure the Galvan static charge and discharge based on the exfoliated graphite (EG). Measurements were taken on the capacitance of uncompressed, compressed, sonicated, and unsonicated samples. In the other experiment, the EG was mixed with epoxy resin to produce composites, and measured the radar absorptive in the frequency ranges of 6-15 GHz by waveguide resonator. Then we examined the effect of the radar absorption with the different content of EG (with EG weight percentage 0%-5%) and the different thickness of the samples (1, 2, 2.5, 3 mm). The experimental data shows that the capacitance of the uncompressed samples is 50 times higher than the capacitance of the compressed samples. The efficiency of the sonicated and compressed samples is better than those without sonication. But the efficiency of the sonicated and uncompressed samples is lower than it was not sonicated. In the other experiment, we know that this type of composite is unable to absorb electromagnetic wave effectively. No matter what we changed the content of EG or the thickness of the samples, it can’t increase the radar absorption significantly in this research.

致謝.............................................................................................................i
中文摘要....................................................................................................ii
英文摘要.................................................................................................. iii
目錄...........................................................................................................iv
圖目錄.....................................................................................................viii
表目錄.......................................................................................................xi

第一章 前言............................................................................................1
1.1 膨脹石墨介紹............................................................................1
1.2 超級電容簡介............................................................................4
1.3 碳材料在超級電容的應用........................................................6
1.4 雷達吸波材料............................................................................7
1.4.1 雷達吸波材料簡介...........................................................7
1.4.2 雷達吸波材料發展歷史...................................................8
1.4.3 雷達吸波材料之分類.....................................................11
1.4.3.1 干涉型吸波材料..................................................11
1.4.3.2 吸收型吸波材料..................................................12
1.4.3.3 結構型吸波材料..................................................13
1.4.3.4 塗覆型吸波材料..................................................14

第二章 理論說明與文獻回顧..............................................................16
2.1 電雙層的基本觀念與結構......................................................16
2.1.1 電雙層的電性原理.........................................................16
2.1.2 Helmholtz電雙層模型....................................................17
2.1.3 Stern電雙層模................................................................19
2.1.4 電雙層電容之構造.........................................................21
2.1.4.1 電極材料..............................................................21
2.1.4.2 電解液材料..........................................................21
2.1.4.3 隔離膜材料..........................................................23
2.1.4.4 集電板材料..........................................................23
2.1.4.5 包裝材料..............................................................23
2.2 三極式電容器..........................................................................24
2.3 直流充放電測試簡介..............................................................24
2.4 基本電磁波吸波理論..............................................................25
2.4.1 電磁波波傳基本理論.....................................................25
2.4.1.1 在自由空間之傳遞..............................................27
2.4.1.2 在均質介質之傳遞..............................................28
2.4.1.3 在非均質介質之傳遞..........................................30
2.4.2 介電常數與導磁率.........................................................31
2.4.3 分析單層吸波材料性能之公式.....................................32
2.5 複合材料電磁參數量測方法..................................................34

第三章 實驗..........................................................................................36
3.1 實驗流程..................................................................................36
3.2 膨脹石墨之製備......................................................................37
3.2.1 實驗材料.........................................................................37
3.2.2 實驗設備.........................................................................37
3.2.3 實驗步驟.........................................................................39
3.3 超音波震盪..............................................................................42
3.3.1 實驗材料.........................................................................42
3.3.2 實驗設備.........................................................................42
3.3.3 實驗步驟.........................................................................43
3.4 壓錠..........................................................................................43
3.5 電容器組裝..............................................................................44
3.6 直流充放電測試......................................................................46
3.7 吸波測試之試片製作..............................................................47
3.7.1 實驗材料.........................................................................47
3.7.2 實驗設備.........................................................................47
3.7.3 實驗步驟.........................................................................47
3.8 共振腔測量法之測試..............................................................49

第四章 結果討論..................................................................................53
4.1 直流充放電測試......................................................................53
4.1.1 充放電比電容量.............................................................53
4.1.2 數據整理.........................................................................53
4.1.3 結果分析.........................................................................60
4.2 共振腔測量法..........................................................................62
4.2.1 相關公式推導.................................................................62
4.2.2 材料之複數介電常數.....................................................63
4.2.3 材料之吸波效能.............................................................69

第五章 結論..........................................................................................73

參考文獻..................................................................................................74

作者簡介..................................................................................................77

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