臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文探討在單一光纖上寫製串連的布拉格光纖光柵(FBG)及長週期光纖光柵（LPG），並特意將布拉格光纖光柵中心波長製作於長週期光纖光柵損失峰的正或負斜坡區上，再將此光柵置入一個新型的封裝架構中，完成一個可同時量測壓力及溫度的光纖感測器。當溫度及壓力發生變化時，藉由兩種不同光柵特性造成布拉格光纖光柵的反射中心波長及能量產生變化，因此可作為同時感測兩個物理量的機制。
未封裝光纖光柵對應力之感測靈敏度為0.013nm/gw及0.039dB/gw；溫度靈敏度為0.0096nm/OC及0.124dB/OC；經由封裝後的感測器對溫度靈敏度為0.02nm/OC及0.39 dB/OC，對壓力靈敏度為7.5nm/bar及7.76dB/bar。
最後，由水壓力的量測原理之應用，將感測器應用於不同溫度下的水位感測，其反射波長的感測靈敏度為0.017 nm/cm及0.021nm/ OC，其反射能量的感測靈敏度為-0.013 dB/cm及-0.56 dB / OC，實驗結果顯示此型光纖光柵感測器確實具備有效同時執行壓力與溫度量測的功能。

The content of this thesis is to investigate a new fiber sensor for simultaneously measuring the pressure and temperature with a packaged fiber Bragg grating (FBG) connected in a series with a long-period fiber grating (LPG). The central wavelength of an FBG is fabricated on the negative slope region of the loss peak of LPG transmission spectrum and the FBG is encapsulated in a polymer-half-filled metal cylinder with two openings on opposite sides of the wall of the polymer to measure the pressure. Utilizing the different optical response of the FBG and LPG, the applied pressure and temperature will cause the variation of the center-wavelength and reflection of an FBG simultaneously. Therefore, the sensor can be used to measure pressure and temperature simultaneously.
For this fiber grating sensor without packaging, the stress sensitivities both of 0.013nm/gw and 0.039dB/gw are experimentally obtained. The temperature sensitivities both of 0.0096nm/OC and 0.124dB/OC are experimentally identified. After the sensor has been packaged, the temperature sensitivities become 0.02nm/OC and 0.39 dB/OC and the pressure sensitivities are greatly improved with the value of 7.5nm/bar and 7.76dB/bar.
This sensor can be applied in the water-level measurement under different temperatures with the wavelength-shift sensitivities of 0.017 nm/cm and 0.021nm/ OC as well as the sensitivities of reflection intensity of -0.013 dB/cm and 0.56 dB/ OC.

目 錄
摘 要............................................i
Abstract.........................................ii
誌 謝...........................................iv
目 錄............................................v
圖目錄...........................................ix
表目錄..........................................xiv
第一章 緒論.......................................1
1.1 研究動機......................................1
1.2 研究目的......................................2
1.3 研究方法與本文架構............................4
第二章 光纖光柵之光學特性與理論分析...............6
2.1 引言..........................................6
2.2 光纖簡介......................................6
2.3 光纖感光性之描述..............................8
2.4 光纖感測.....................................10
2.5 光纖光柵之理論分析...........................12
2.5.1 光纖光柵簡介...............................12
2.5.2 布拉格光纖光柵理論分析.....................14
2.5.3 布拉格光纖光柵對溫度與應變的特性...........19
2.5.4 布拉格光纖光柵對溫度的特性.................21
2.5.5 布拉格光纖光柵對應力的特性.................24
2.5.6 長週期光纖光柵理論分析.....................25
2.5.7 長週期光纖光柵對溫度的特性.................32
第三章 感測元件之製造............................35
3.1 引言.........................................35
3.2 光纖光柵之製造...............................35
3.3 串聯式布拉格與長週期光纖光柵之感測特性.......40
3.3.1 串聯式布拉格與長週期光纖光柵理論分析.......40
3.3.2 串聯式布拉格與長週期光纖光柵感測特性.......45
3.4 可同時量測之側壓式壓力及溫度感測器分析.......46
3.4.1 可同時量測之側壓式壓力及溫度感測器構造.....46
3.4.2 可同時量測之側壓式壓力及溫度感測器原理.....49
3.4.3 壓力與軸向應變之轉換.......................49
第四章 實驗結果與分析............................56
4.1 引言.........................................56
4.2 串聯式光纖光柵寫製...........................56
4.3 串聯式光纖光柵傳輸模態特性之研究.............64
4.3.1 引言.......................................64
4.3.2 實驗架構...................................64
4.3.3 實驗結果與討論.............................66
4.4 串聯式光纖光柵對應力特性之研究...............70
4.4.1 引言.......................................70
4.4.2 實驗架構...................................70
4.4.3 實驗結果與討論.............................71
4.5串聯式光纖光柵對溫度特性之研究................76
4.5.1 引言.......................................76
4.5.2 實驗架構...................................76
4.5.3 實驗結果與討論.............................77
4.6串聯式光纖光柵對折射率特性之研究..............80
4.6.1 引言.......................................80
4.6.2 實驗架構...................................80
4.6.3 實驗結果與討論.............................81
4.7可同時量測之側壓式壓力及溫度感測器感測特性....90
4.7.1 引言.......................................90
4.7.2 實驗架構...................................90
4.7.3 實驗結果與討論.............................91
4.8水位量測......................................96
4.8.1 引言.......................................96
4.8.2 實驗架構...................................96
4.8.3 實驗結果與討論.............................97
第五章 結論與未來展望...........................101
參考文獻........................................103
作者簡介........................................109

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