臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

混凝土中粒料所佔體積超過70%，粒料堆積問題對於混凝土品質有著舉足輕重影響，在良好堆積條件下製成之混凝土，不論在強度、滲透性及經濟性等各方面性質皆會有較佳表現，過去研究大多以實驗法求取粒料最大堆積密度之混合比例，以期達成緻密級配目標，本研究利用學者德拉爾(de Larrard) 於1999年所提出之可壓縮堆積模型(Compressible Packing Model, CPM)進行堆積體密度數值運算，並與兩種不同參數富勒曲線(Fuller curve)所得粒料堆積密度比較分析，同時以國內砂石料篩分成5相粒料(全部為細粒料)、6相粒料(5相粒料+4號篩粗粒料，+3/8"粗粒料，+3/4"粗粒料)及8相粒料(5相粒料+4號篩+3/8"+3/4"等三種粗粒料)等五類不同粒料組合，配合三種級配模式，總共進行15組不同粒料堆積密度試驗，印證數值分析結果。
研究結果顯示：以可壓縮堆積模型(CPM)在考慮牆效應(wall effect)及鬆散效應(loose effect)條件下，計算5組不同粒料組合所得粒料堆積體密度平均值，比兩種富勒曲線所得10組不同粒料堆積密度中平均值大都高約2%~10%，同時，此15組不同粒料組合實際試驗所得粒料堆積體密度試驗值大都介於上述兩者之間，兩種富勒曲線所得粒料堆積密度相對差異值小於7%，影響不大，以3種堆積模式計算8相粒料堆積密度平均值約在0.807至0.878間，5相粒料堆積體密度值平均值約在0.677至0.721間，另一方面，8相粒料堆積體試驗所得密度平均值約在0.77至0.827間，5相粒料堆積體試驗所得密度值平均值約在0.715至0.724間，顯示本研究所使用之CPM堆積模式於顆粒間干擾不過大之前提下，具有取得各種不同粒料優良粒料堆積級配之實用性與可行性。

The volume of aggregates occupies by more than 70 vol. % of concrete. The packing problem of aggregates has a decisive influence on concrete quality, The concrete which is made by a good packing condition will have a better performance on all aspects of strength, permeability and economy, etc. . Most previous researches use experimental method to get the mixing proportion with maximum packing density of aggregates in order to reach the goal of dense grading.
This study, used the compressible packing model (CPM) which has proposed by the scholar de Larrard in 1999 to calculate the packing density of aggregates, and compare that from the analysis of Fuller's curve with two different parameters. Simultaneously, the local sand and gravel were sieved into five different combinations of aggregate packing, including five-phase aggregates (all of fine aggregate), six-phase aggregates (five-phase aggregates +#4 coarse aggregate, +3/8" coarse aggregate and +3/4" coarse aggregate), eight-phase aggregates (all of fine aggregate +3 kinds of coarse aggregate),together with three kinds of gradation mode to conduct a total of 15 different sets of experiments for packing density test in order to verify the results of numerical analysis.
The results show that, in consideration of the wall effect and loose effect, the mean packing densities for five different combinations of aggregate mixtures calculated by the CPM were higher than those of ten groups of aggregate mixtures obtained by the Fuller's curve by 2% ~ 10%. In the meantime, most experimental results of packing density for those fifteen groups of mixtures were located between two analytical results. The difference of packing density obtained by two kinds of Fuller's curve was less than 7%. The mean packing density of 8-phase aggregate with three packing modes were between 0.677 and 0.721. On the other hand, the mean experimental packing densities of 5-phase aggregate were between 0.770 and 0.827, were between 0.715 and 0.724 for 5-phase aggregate. It indicates that, under the premise of no excessive interference among aggregates that proposed CPM can have the usability and feasibility to build the well-made article packing with different combinations of aggregates.

摘要
Abstract
誌謝
目錄
表目錄
圖目錄
第一章 前言
1-1研究動機
1-2研究目的
1-3研究內容與流程
第二章 文獻回顧
2-1混凝土粒料
2-1-1粒料之作用
2-1-2粒料形狀之影響
2-1-3粗粒料與細粒料之影響
2-2粒料堆積
2-2-1顆粒裝填理論
2-2-2富勒級配 (Fuller’s gradation)
2-2-3 de Larrard堆積方程
2-3 粒料堆積模擬
2-4堆積密度測定
2-4-1 乾式堆積密度檢測
2-4-2 濕式堆積密度檢測
2-5堆積夯實方式
第三章 可壓縮堆積模型(CPM)數值分析實驗內容與流程
3-1 CPM之參數靈敏度與計算時間
3-1-1 CPM與單一粒徑顆粒堆積密度(ẞ值)變化之靈敏度分析
3-1-2. CPM材料影響參數變化之靈敏度分析
3-1-3 CPM模擬分析運算時間之估算
3-2實驗對照組之模擬運算
第四章 實驗方法與結果
4-1實驗材料
4-2試驗器材
4-3實驗方法
4-4結果與討論
第五章 結論與建議
5-1 結論
5-2建議
參考文獻
附錄

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