臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

　　因應環保意識的抬頭，電動機車普及之需求，本研究以電動機車馬達作設計方向，作一款輪內永磁馬達，其具有高力矩密度10Nm/kg之特性。同等馬達力矩性能下作比較，擁有較小的體積與重量，且因其軸向磁通設計，有扁薄之外觀更合適於輪內馬達。另外，透過文中所敘述之磁鐵外形變化作法，可以降低馬達的力矩漣波，提升馬達運轉穩定度，與降低噪音。
　　初始以馬達磁通方向、繞線方式與槽極數選擇，透過磁路模型作分析和全域的最佳化，並同時設計了一款馬達設計平台，以零維度與一維度的計算方式、最佳化軟體的嵌入，並具有自動產生有限元素軟體模型的功能。最後，以有限元素軟體作分析，用其結果比較舊有磁路模型與馬達設計平台優劣、並作弱磁性能分析與磁鐵外形變化之探討。經雛型製造組裝後，進行實驗得馬達性能，根據所得的實驗結果進行討論與分析，提出結論。

The current trend of eco-consciousness has led many governments around the world to attempt to popularize electric vehicles (EVs). This study discusses an optimal design for a high torque density PM motor for electric scooters, which has a torque density performance of roughly 10Nm/kg. In comparison with other motors which have the same output torque, this motor is smaller in volume and has a lower weight.
The thesis first discusses the design process, in terms of the direction of flux and the choosing of a combination with the right number of slots and poles. Following this, it explains how the magnetic circuit model was applied to a computer program in order to assess the performance of the motor. The program used a mathematical model, meaning that an optimal method could be utilized to optimize the motor’s size. In addition, an FEA model was created with optimized sizing, in order to analyze performance. The paper explains how the prototype was manufactured, discussing the design in full detail, as well as the simulation and experimental results. The final chapter of the study presents a summary of its findings.

誌謝 III
中文摘要 V
Abstract VII
圖目錄 XIII
表目錄 XIX
第 1 章 緒論 1
1.1電動機車發展背景 2
1.2市售電動機車介紹 4
1.3文獻回顧 6
1.4研究動機、目的與方法 10
1.4.1動機與目的 10
1.4.2研究方法 11
1.5論文章節架構 12
第 2 章 初步設計 14
2.1設計流程 15
2.2設計規格 17
2.3馬達類型選擇 18
2.3.1軸向磁通馬達 19
2.3.2徑向磁通馬達 20
2.3.3馬達基本結構介紹 21
2.4繞線方法選擇 23
2.5槽數與極數搭配 25
第 3 章 磁路模型的建立與分析 28
3.1磁場與磁路 29
3.1.1磁路的基本概念 29
3.1.2磁性材料 31
3.1.3磁通鏈、電感與感應電壓 34
3.2繞線編排方式 37
3.3馬達尺寸參數之定義 40
3.4磁路模型建立 42
3.4.1零維度計算 43
3.4.2一維度計算 46
3.5靈敏度分析 58
3.5.1氣隙長度 60
3.5.2槽口寬度分數 61
3.5.3磁鐵寬度分數 62
3.5.4磁鐵厚度 63
3.5.5馬達內半徑 64
3.5.5靈敏度指數表 64
3.6最佳化分析 66
3.7馬達設計平台架構簡介 70
第 4 章 直軸與交軸數值性能分析 75
4.1直軸與交軸座標轉換 76
4.2直軸與交軸電感 78
4.3弱磁性能分析 81
4.3.1基本概念 81
4.3.2電流控制方法 84
4.3.3工作曲線 88
4.3.4效率與轉速分布圖 92
第 5 章 有限元素法分析與模擬 94
5.1模型建立與基本設定 95
5.1.1建立模型 95
5.1.2材料設定 95
5.1.3激磁源設定 97
5.2馬達性能分析 97
5.2.1磁通密度分布 97
5.2.2力矩分布 98
5.2.3齒卡力矩分析 100
5.2.4反電動勢分布 101
5.2.5軸向力分析 102
5.3弱磁性能分析 104
5.4磁鐵外型設計 110
5.4.1斜磁鐵 110
5.4.2錐面磁鐵 112
5.5熱分析 113
第 6 章 製造與測試 115
6.1串並聯轉換 116
6.2實驗設備 119
6.3製造與組裝 120
6.4實驗結果 121
6.4.1反電動勢 122
6.4.2力矩與轉速曲線 123
6.4.3軸向力 128
第 7 章 結論 129
7.1結論 130
7.2未來展望 130
參考文獻資料 132
附錄A 138
附錄B 139
附錄C 140
附錄Ｄ 145
附錄Ｅ 146

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