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研究生:張品依
研究生(外文):Pin-Yi Chang
論文名稱:推動門診整合式照護對多重慢性病影響及成效分析之初探
論文名稱(外文):An Analysis of Integrated Ambulatory Care Model’s Potential Impacts on Chronic Patients’ Care Utilization
指導教授:戴志展戴志展引用關係
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:中國醫藥大學
系所名稱:醫務管理學系碩士班
學門:商業及管理學門
學類:醫管學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2011
畢業學年度:99
語文別:中文
論文頁數:140
中文關鍵詞:整合性照護慢性病多重慢性病醫療利用管理
外文關鍵詞:Integrated Medical CareChronic ConditionMultiple Chronic ConditionsUtilization Management
相關次數:
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背景與目的:多重慢性病人口比例逐年增高,且成為醫療資源中最主要的使用者。近年來因逛醫院、逛診所造成重複就診之現象,及重複用藥所造成的醫療錯誤逐年攀升,本研究目的欲瞭解多重慢性病患者醫療使用之現況,及推估多重慢性病門診整合式照護對醫療利用預期之成效。
研究方法:本研究資料以國家衛生研究院全民健保資料庫2006-2008年承保抽樣歸人檔,研究對象為90天內多次(兩次以上)就診之多重慢性病患者,統計樣本數共11,349人,本研究分三組探討醫療利用情形,分別為同時罹患糖尿病、高血壓、高血脂者共1,551人,糖尿病、高血壓者共3,899人,糖尿病、高血脂者共2,619人,高血壓、高血脂者共3,280人。本研究調查結果多重慢性病患平均就醫次數為12.76次。以t-test、ANOVA、複回歸分析多重慢性病患門診醫療利用現況及預期之成效。
研究結果:2005年至2008年,多重慢性病其每人平均診察費為2,190元,其中同時罹患糖尿病、高血壓、高血脂患者其診察費最高達2,919元。三年間平均門診就醫次數為20.3次,其中同時患有糖尿病、高血壓、高血脂患者其門診就醫次數最多,達27.7次,可以推測疾病數越多門診醫療費用及次數上越高。三年間可減少之門診醫療費用為160.5元,可避免之門診就醫次數,每人平均可減少13.6次。在用藥方面,多重慢性患病平均門診用藥項數為5.7項,門診用藥總天數為21.8天,用藥總費用平均為850.6元,可減少重複用藥日數平均可減少0.06天,可減少重複用藥費用上每人可減少11元。
研究結論:性別、年齡、看診醫療機構數、就醫科數、看診醫療機構數會影響門診醫療利用,且利用頻率越頻繁可減少之重複醫療利用越高,醫療層級別越高可減少重複醫療利用也越高。


Background and Objectives: As patients with multiple, Chronic diseases increase rapidly, the lack of medical care Integration has become a major issue under the National Health Insurance. Without gate keeper, it may induce hospital shopping or physician shopping behavior. This study was to investigate the basic characteristics of chronic conditions and try to evaluate the utilization of ambulatory care of patients with multiple chronic disease before and after the Care Integrated Intervention Program.
Methods: The source of data came from claims data of the first to fifth sets of samples registry of beneficiaries of National Health Insurance of 2005-2008. The subjects were more than twice within 90 days of treatment of patients with multiple chronic. The study sample consust of 11,349 patients. There were four groups of multiple chronic, among them, suffering from diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia were 1,551 people, suffering from diabetes, hypertension, were 3,899 people, suffering from diabetes, hyperlipidemia were 2,691 people, suffering from hypertension, hyperlipidemia were 3,280 people. The total visits were 12.76 mean visits per person. Data analysis includes student’s test, analysis of variance (ANOVA). Multiple regression were used to explore utilization of patients with chronic conditions.
Results: On the outpatient medical expenses, Multiple chronic patients’ medical expense were 2,190 dollars per person in 2005 to 2008. Among them, suffering from diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia patients’ whose medical expense up to 2,919 dollars per person. The average number of physician visits, medical expenses were 20.3 times. Among them, suffering from diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia patients’ whose medical expense up to 27.7 times per person. Patients with higher number of chronic conditions, the number of physician visits, and medical expense on the higher. To decrease diagnosis fees, medical expense were 160.5 dollars per person and average number of physician visits, medical expenses were 13.6 times during three years. Number of drug items expense were 5.7 items. The total number of days in outpatient medical expense was 21.8 days, the drug cost an average of 850.6 dollars. To decrease diagnosis fees, The total number of days in outpatient medical expense decrease 0.06 days, the drug cost decrease an average of 11 dollars.
Conclusions: The study found that, the overlapped medical utilization increased as sex, age, number of chronic conditions and number of the physicians visit increased and ownership of healthcare institution.

目錄
摘要 i
Abstract iii
誌謝 v
目錄 vi
表目錄 viii
圖目錄 x
第一章、緒論 1
第一節、研究背景 1
第二節、研究目的 3
第二章、文獻探討 4
第一節、慢性疾病醫療利用 4
第二節、臺灣健康保險制度管理方式的演變 11
第三節、門診整合式照護模式試辦計畫 16
第三章、研究方法 18
第一節、研究架構 18
第二節、資料來源與研究對象 19
第三節、研究變項及定義 20
第四節、統計方法 25
第四章、研究結果 26
第一節、描述性統計 26
第二節、雙變項分析 37
第三節、多變項分析 91
第五章、討論 126
第一節、病人特質 126
第二節、過去醫療狀況 127
第三節、多重慢性病患門診醫療利用 128
第四節、不同組別間多重慢性病患門診醫療利用 130
第六章、結論與建議 131
第一節、結論 131
第二節、建議 134
參考文獻 136

表目錄
表4-1-1多重慢性病患個人特質之描述性統計 34
表4-1-2多重慢性病患者醫療利用之描述性統計 36
表4-2-1多重慢性病患特質與門診醫療費用之檢定 40
表4-2-2多重慢性病患特質與門診醫療次數之檢定 47
表4-2-3多重慢性病患特質與門診用藥項數之檢定 54
表4-2-4多重慢性病患特質與門診用藥總天數之檢定 61
表4-2-5多重慢性病患特質與門診用藥總費用之檢定 67
表4-2-6多重慢性病患特質與可減少門診醫療費用之檢定 73
表4-2-7多重慢性病患特質與可減少門診就醫次數之檢定 80
表4-2-8多重慢性病患特質與可減少重複用藥日數之檢定 86
表4-2-9多重慢性病患特質與可減少重複用藥費用之檢定 90
表4-3-1多重慢性病患特質與門診醫療費用之複迴歸 95
表4-3-2多重慢性病患特質與門診醫療次數之複迴歸 100
表4-3-3多重慢性病患特質與門診用藥項數之複迴歸 105
表4-3-4多重慢性病患特質與門診用藥總天數之複迴歸 109
表4-3-5多重慢性病患特質與門診用藥總費用之複迴歸 113
表4-3-6多重慢性病患特質與可減少門診醫療費用之複迴歸 116
表4-3-7多重慢性病患特質與可減少門診醫療次數之複迴歸 120
表4-3-8多重慢性病患特質與可減少重複用藥日數之複迴歸 124
表4-3-9多重慢性病患特質與可減少重複用藥費用之複迴歸 126

圖目錄
圖3-1研究架構圖 19
圖3-2研究流程圖 20


一、英文文獻
Anderson G, Horvath J. (2004). The Growing Burden of Chronic Disease in America. Public Health Reports, 119, 263-270.

Barsky A J, Orav E J, Bates D W. (2006). Distinctive patterns old medical care utilization in patients who somatize. Medical Care, 44(9), 803-811.

Beers MH, Ouslander JG, RollingherI, et al. (1991). Explicit criteria for determining inappropriate medication use in nursing home residents. Arch Intern Med. 151(9), 1825-1832.

Chen L, Yip W, Chang MC, et al. (2007). The effects of Taiwan’s national health insurance on access and health status of the elderly. Health Economic, 16(3), 223-242.

Chen SF, Hsu HH, Lee HS, Lin CS, Chou YC, Tien JH. (2004).Rational pharmacotherapy in the diabetic hypertension: analysis-prescribing patterns in a general hospital in Taiwan. Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, 29(6), 547-548.

Cheng SH, Chiang TL. (1998). Disparity of medical care utilization among different health insurance schemes in Taiwan. Medicine, 47(5), 613-620.

Cheng SH, Chen CC, Chang WL. (2009). Hospital response to a global budget program under universal health insurance in Taiwan. Health policy 92(2),158-164.

Chen TJ, Chou LF, Hwang SJ. (2006). Patterns of ambulatory care utilization in Taiwan. BMC Health Services Research, 6, 54-61.

Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, et al.(2003) Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. Hypertension, 42(6), 1206-1252.

Fu AZ, Jiang J, Reeves JH, et al.(2007). Potentially inappropriate medication use and healthcare expenditures in the US community-dwelling elderly. Medical Care, 45(5), 472-476.

Garrow D, Egede LE. (2006). National pattern and correlates of complementary and alternative medicine use in adults with diabetes. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 12, 895-902.

Hwang W, Weller W, Irey H, et al. (2001). Out-of-packet medical spending for care of chronic conditions. Health affairs, 20, 267-278.

Knapp DA.(1991) Development of criteria for drug utilization review. Clinic Pharmacol Ther, 50(5), 600-605.

Lai HY, Hwang SJ, Chen YC, et al. (2009). Prevalence of the Prescribing of Potentially Inappropriate Medications at Ambulatory Care Visits by Elderly Patients Covered by the Taiwanese National Health Insurance Program. Clinical Therapeutics, 31(8), 1859-1870.

Lee TA, Shields AE, Vogeli C, et al.(2007). Mortality Rate in Veterans with Multiple Chronic Conditions. Journal of general in internal medicine. 22(3), 403-407.

Leung GM, Castan-Cameo S, McGhee SM et al. (2003). Waiting time, doctor shopping, and nonattendance at specialist outpatient clinics. Medical Care. 11(41), 1293-1300

Lubitz J, Greenberg LG, Gorina Y, et al. (2001). Three decades of health care use by the elderly. Health Affair, 20(2), 19-32.

Margie Rauch Goulding, (2004). Inappropriate medication prescribing for elderly ambulatory care patients. Arch Intern Med, 16(3),305-312.

Pollock MD, Bazaldua OV, Dobbie,VE. (2007). Appropriate Prescribing of Medications: An Eight-Step Approach. American Family Physician, 75(2), 231-236.

Margie Rauch Goulding, (2004). Inappropriate medication prescribing for elderly ambulatory care patients. Arch Intern Med, 16(3),305-312.
Pollock MD, Bazaldua OV, Dobbie,VE. (2007). Appropriate Prescribing of Medications: An Eight-Step Approach. American Family Physician, 75(2), 231-236.

Susan M, Schappert MA, Elizabeth A, et al. (2008). Ambulatory medical care utilization estimates for 2006. National Health Statistics Reports 8.

Walker AE. (2007). A multiple chronic diseases and quality of life: patterns emerging from a large national sample, Australia. Chronic illness, 3, 202-218.

Wang MJ, Lin SP. (2010). Study on doctor shopping behavior: Insight from patients with upper respiratory tract infection in Taiwan. Health Policy, 94(1), 61-67.

Wolff JL, Starfield B, Anderson G. (2002). Prevalence, expenditures, and complications of multiple chronic conditions in the elderly. Arch Intern Med, 162(20), 2267-2276.

Zhan C, Sangl J, Bierman AS, et al. (2001). Potentially inappropriate medication use in the community-dwelling elderly. The Journal of the American Medical Association, 286(22), 2823-2829.

二、中文文獻
中央健保局(2005)‧醫院以病人為中心門診整合照護試辦計畫‧2011年5月30日取自http://www.nhi.gov.tw/search/search

台灣醫務管理學會(2010)‧北榮高齡病房啟用 提供整合照護‧2011年5月23日取自http://www.tche.org.tw/UI/J/J100012.aspx?epano=62&contid=8CCC335833E8856&contenttype=01

臺北市立聯合醫院(2010)‧臺北市立聯合醫院開辦高齡整合門診:銀髮族樂活當家‧2011年5月15日取自http://www.tpech.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=135504&CtNode=14486&mp=109151

羊儀珊(2008)‧高血壓病患開立慢性病連續處方箋對醫療利用的影響研究‧未發表論文,台北:國立陽明大學。

李玉琇(2004)‧糖尿病共同照護疾病管理對生活品質及醫療利用影響之研究—以某區域教學醫院為例‧未發表碩士論文,台中:中國醫藥大學醫務管理研究所。

李丞華(2004)‧全民健保中醫門診利用率及其影響因素‧台灣衛誌,23 (2),100-107。

李雯芳(2007)‧疾病管理之績效衡量-以糖尿病疾病管理個案為例‧未發表碩士論文,台中: 靜宜大學管理碩士在職專班。

沈德依(2008) ‧社區老年人潛在性不適當用藥盛行率與相關因子之探討‧未發表碩士論文,台北:國立台灣大學預防醫學研究所。

周美惠、許若儀、林明芳(1997)‧門診老年病患處方型態分析‧醫院藥學,14(1),1-14。

邱偉修(2007)‧個案管理模式於雙胞胎妊娠孕婦的照護之成效‧未發表論文,台北:國立台北護理學院碩士。

郭垂文 (2001)‧老年人不適當用藥之探討‧未發表論文,台南:國立成功大學臨床藥學研究所碩士論文。

紀佩嘉(2009)‧糖尿病患使用中、西醫門診之模式對醫療資源利用的影響‧未發表碩士論文,台北:國立台灣大學醫療機構管理研究所碩士論文。

陸西平、王乃弘、郝宏恕(2003)‧病案管理與疾病管理‧台灣醫界,46(10),51-56。

張錦文、郝宏恕(1998)‧管理性照護模式在全民健保資料庫應用之可行性分析‧行政院衛生署八十七年度委託計劃。

張芝綺(2010)‧整合式照護模式對65歲以上慢性病患醫療利用之可能影響‧未發表碩士論文,台北:國立台灣大學醫療機構管理研究所碩士論文。

陳惠姿 (2001)‧個案管理在社區老人長期照護之應用‧護理雜誌,48(3),25-32。

陳秀美、鄭鴻基、郝宏恕(2007)‧老年人全民健保門診處方不適當用藥之評估研究‧台灣臨床藥學雜誌,14(4),21-53。

黃碧玉(2006)‧糖尿病患者使用慢性病連續處方箋對門診醫療利用之影響‧未發表碩士論文,台北:國立台灣大學醫療機構管理研究所碩士論文。

劉雅文 (2008)‧以2005年承保抽樣歸人檔分析高血壓病人之重複醫療資源利用情形‧未發表碩士論文,台北:國立台灣大學醫療機構管理研究所碩士論文。


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