臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

台灣一年消耗約120億立方公尺天然氣，但自產天然氣約4億立方公尺，因此大部分天然氣均需仰賴進口。天然氣自海外產地輸送前，先將天然氣液化，再以液化天然氣冷凍船運送至國內，冷凍船到港後，液化天然氣先儲存在超低溫儲存槽內備用。當市場上有需求時，即將液化天然氣氣化，送入管線至用戶端。但是，當市場用氣量劇減時，即產生多餘的氣化天然氣，然而體積龐大，無法使用一般的儲槽儲存。為調節尖峰、離峰用氣，天然氣輸儲廠利用舊天然氣田的地底岩層來儲存多餘的天然氣，當天然氣使用過剩時，將天然氣注入地底岩層，反之將天然氣生產出。
天然氣輸儲廠主要有昇壓、注氣、脫水冷凍、及緊急關斷等四大系統。本文整合天然氣輸儲廠各系統的製程資訊，發展一個遠端圖形監控系統。使用 OPC 資料存取客戶端技術即時取得各系統控制器製程資訊，並儲存於資料庫中。編寫製程網頁，遠端操作者使用網路瀏覽器遠端登入操作系統，經由管控使用者權限，即可將製程資料以圖形化介面顯示於瀏覽器上，進而達成即時監控目的。

Due to the situation that the majority of natural gas relies on importation, there are 120 million cubic meters on consumption of natural gas in Taiwan per year, but only 4 million cubic meter natural gas is produced by Taiwan. Before importing natural gas from abroad, natural gas has to be liquefied first, and then refrigerator ships make liquefied natural gas deliver to domestic markets. As the refrigerator ships arrive at the ports, natural gas stores into ultra-low temperature storage tanks to be ready for use. While the markets require it, natural gas is delivered to pumping pipes in order to distribute to all of the clients. However, it may remain some of natural gas when the gas consumption of the markets decreases. Given that the volume of the remaining natural gas is enormous, it cannot be stored in normal storage tanks. In order for adjusting the consumption of gas usage between peak and off-peak periods, Natural Gas Transmission and Storage Plant make use of subterranean strata under old gas fields to store the remaining gas. While the consumption of gas usage remains too much, the unused natural gas will be filled into subterranean strata; on the contrary, it will be extracted from the underground again.
There are four main systems in the Natural Gas Transmission and Storage Plant, including boosting pressure, injection and boosting pressure, freezing dehydrating and emergency shutting-off systems. The research integrates the manufacturing process of each system and develops a Remote Graphics Monitor System. Using the technology of OPC data access to archive clients’ portals gets manufacturing process information of each controller system and saves into the database concurrently. Through editing the webpages of manufacturing process, remote operators are able to utilise web browsers to log into the operating system via managing and controlling user authorities, then the manufacturing process information can be shown on browser in the form of graphical interfacial images immediately, in order to achieve the goal of real-time monitoring.

目錄
中文摘要 i
Abstract ii
目錄 iii
圖目錄 vii
表目錄 x
第一章、緒論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2國內外文獻研討 3
1.3研究目的 6
第二章、天然氣輸儲廠 8
2.1 昇壓操作系統 8
2.1.1 設置及操作條件 8
2.1.2 輸氣系統流程 9
2.1.3昇壓控制系統 10
2.2 兩用壓縮機系統 12
2.2.1 設置及操作條件 12
2.2.2 輸氣操作模式 12
2.2.3 輸氣控制系統 14
2.3 脫水冷凍系統 14
2.3.1 設置及操作條件 14
2.3.2 系統操作流程 15
2.3.3 冷凍控制系統 15
2.4 公用系統 16
2.5 整廠緊急關斷系統 16
2.5.1 設置及操作條件 16
2.5.2 緊急關斷控制系統 17
第三章、圖形監控系統架構 18
3.1 圖形監控系統硬體架構 18
3.1.1現場數據收集層 19
3.1.2通信網路層 19
3.1.3監控系統層 19
3.1.4 SCADA系統規範 20
3.2圖形監控系統軟體架構 21
3.3監控系統資料交換方式 23
3.3.1 開放資料庫連接 ODBC（Open Database Connectivity） 23
3.3.2動態資料交換 DDE ( Dynamic Data Exchange) 24
3.3.3 物件連結OPC (OLE for Process control) 24
3.4 OPC 系統應用 25
3.4.1 OPC同步讀寫資料方式 29
3.4.2 OPC異步資料讀寫方式 29
3.4.3 OPC訂閱式(Subscription) 資料讀寫方式 30
3.4.4 OPC伺服器KEPServerEX V5 30
3.5 網頁伺服器、伺服器語言與資料庫 34
3.5.1網頁伺服器 34
3.5.2網頁伺服器語言 35
3.5.3 網頁資料庫 36
3.5.4 資料庫存取ADO.NET 37
第四章、系統設計與實作 39
4.1.建立監控資料群 39
4.2開發OPC Data Client 41
4.3.建立網頁資料庫與資料格式 48
4.4.繪製監控頁面與開發網頁 52
4.5.網頁伺服器架設 56
第五章、網頁監控與成果 58
第六章、結論與未來展望 70
6.1 結論 70
6.2 未來展望 71
參考文獻 73

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