臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

電子商務透過網路快速的成長，其中網路交易協商 (Negotiation) 是最近興起的採購方式，而為了提昇買方與賣方對電子市集 (e-Marketplace) 的滿意度，避免電子商務淪落到削價競爭的惡性循環，電子市集必須提供一個能兼顧買賣雙方利益的機制，公平的輔助買賣雙方進行協商，使雙方處於平等的地位，才能提高協商的成功率。本論文利用模糊理論（Fuzzy Theory）發展協商機制，協助供應商分析買方的提案，產生合理的反提案交給買方，如此，不論買方或賣方均有機會對這場交易達意見，其目的在於提高協商的成功率。
在B2B電子商務中企業與企業之間的異質系統環境下資料交換一直是資訊科技面臨的挑戰。隨著主客觀環境的成熟，在美國電子產業大廠的號召推動下，成立了RosettaNet組織推動企業間資料交換與流程的標準架構，以促進上下游廠商之間的緊密結合，本論文也透過此資訊科技與標準協定的運用，讓異質系統之間得以順利交換所需資訊，使不同資訊化程度的企業均可藉由供應鏈 (Supply Chain) 電子化採購作業而改善作業流程，並提高整體供應鏈的競爭力。

Electronic commerce activities are growing rapidly on the Internet. Negotiation in electronic commerce is the newest application of computer agents on Purchasing. In order to improving the overall satisfactory in e-marketplace, we need to develop on equitable negotiation mechanism, to take care the interests of both buyers and suppliers, which also avoid price-war occurred. The main purpose of this thesis is applying Fuzzy Theory to assist supplier analysis the proposals provided from customer, and generate a reasonable counterproposal, such that the both sides have a chance to express opinion that cause to a successful negotiation.
In B2B Electronic commerce, it is an important issue for information technology to exchange data among heterogeneous enterprise information systems. With information technology maturing, several major American electronic companies called to found the “RosettaNet” organization. The “RosettaNet” pushes a standard architecture of data exchange and procedure among enterprises. This thesis also abides by this standard architecture operating, it can improve business information exchange among heterogeneous information systems of upstream and downstream enterprises. When the partners, of different levels of information technology in the supply-chain, adopt proper supply-chain e-procurement operation model, the competitiveness of the whole supply chain can be raised.

目錄 I
圖目錄....................................................... IV
表目錄...................................................... VII
第一章 緒論................................................... 1
第一節 研究背景與動機......................................... 1
第二節 研究目的............................................... 3
第三節 研究限制............................................... 4
第四節 研究方法與架構......................................... 5
第二章 文獻探討............................................... 6
第一節 協商（Negotiation）.................................... 6
2.1.1協商定義與特性........................................... 6
2.1.2協商種類................................................. 7
第二節 模糊理論（Fuzzy Theory）............................... 9
2.2.1簡介..................................................... 9
2.2.2 模糊集合（fuzzy set）.................................. 10
2.2.3 三角形模糊數(Triangular Fuzzy Number) ..................11
2.2.4 α－截集(α-cut).........................................12
2.2.5 模糊算數(Fuzzy Arithmetic) .............................13
2.2.6 語意變數(Linguistic Variables)......................... 14
2.2.7 模糊推論(Fuzzy Reasoning).............................. 14
第三節 供應鏈管理( Supply Chain Managemen, SCM )............. 17
第四節電子商務（Electronic Commerce, EC)..................... 18
2.4.1電子商務概述............................................ 18
2.4.2電子商務的交易方式...................................... 18
2.4.3電子商務的定義與範圍.................................... 20
第五節 XML（eXtensible Markup Language,可延展模式語言）.......21
2.5.1 簡介................................................... 21
2.5.2 XML 的用途............................................. 22
2.5.3 XML文件格式............................................ 23
2.5.4 DTD (Document Type Definition, 文件格式定義)........... 24
2.5.5 XSL ( eXtensible Stylesheet Language, 可延伸樣式語言).. 24
第六節 國際資訊產業標準的推手－RosettaNet.................... 26
2.6.1簡介.................................................... 26
2.6.2 RNIF（RosettaNet Implement Framework, RosettaNet實行架構）......................................................... 27
2.6.3 PIP（Partner Interface Process , 企業夥伴介面流程）.... 28
2.6.4標準字典(Standard Dictionary)........................... 30
第三章 交易協商機制.......................................... 32
第一節 議價空間.............................................. 32
第二節 協商流程.............................................. 33
第三節 交易協商機制方法...................................... 35
第四章 電子採購平台整合及應用................................ 45
第一節 企業間電子之採購問題點................................ 45
4.1.1傳統企業間交易.......................................... 45
第二節 電子採購平台整合架構.................................. 46
4.2.1電子採購平台整合分析.................................... 46
第五章 系統實作.............................................. 57
第一節 系統運作.............................................. 57
5.1.1系統運作流程............................................ 57
5.1.2 開發環境............................................... 58
第二節 利用Microsoft BizTalk Server實作...................... 59
5.2.1定義資料格式............................................ 60
5.2.2設計流程 (Orchestration)................................ 61
5.2.3設定訊息服務 (BizTalk Messaging Service)................ 68
第三節 實作展示.............................................. 69
第六章 結論及未來研究方向.................................... 84
第一節 結論.................................................. 84
第二節 未來研究方向.......................................... 84
參考文獻..................................................... 86

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