臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

土地使用的分佈型態的形成來自於各種不同類型的變因，也因其為一個複雜的交互影響過程，使得近幾年來，不斷有研究者嘗試找尋其中變遷的原因，期望藉由找出土地利用與覆蓋背後的驅動力，來進一步認識我們所處的環境動態變遷過程。而在土地使用變遷模擬的相關研究中，大多數的研究者會將土地利用/覆蓋的資料網格化，以便以規則化的網格作為基本單元來進行分析以及模擬，此時網格作為表達空間資訊的基本單元，代表了所選用的網格單元大小，在意義上即為空間解析度的高低變化。國內在土地使用變遷的研究方面，大多以研究者自身的經驗加以設定網格大小，試著在處理分析時間上和精細度做一折衝，但多半並無說明其選用的理由、以及不清楚不同空間尺度下對於所能顯示的空間細節、土地使用變遷的影響。

本研究採用變換不同網格大小、不同分區來模擬空間尺度中不同解析度以及不同範圍，對於偵測土地使用變遷驅動力產生的差異性，本研究以1994年新竹市作為研究範圍，將新竹市的土地使用以邊長50公尺至邊長800公尺五種不同的正方形網格加以劃分，藉以模擬解析度的變化。研究結果顯示以大於400公尺見方的單元網格進行土地使用驅動力分析，開始出現和較小網格驅動力相反的現象；另藉由將新竹市依照地理特性分為三個不同子研究區，模擬不同研究範圍下的驅動力差異，結果顯示三個分區中，地勢較高，地理特性差異較多的香山區土地使用驅動因子有明顯不同。綜合以上結果顯示，在進行土地使用變遷的相關研究，過大的單元網格造成過低的解析度，會連結出錯誤的結論。研究範圍內如地理、社經差異性大，可以考慮除全區外，另外分區加以研究。

There are many kinds of factors to impact on the land use pattern, because of it’s complicating interactive process, in recent years, many researchers expected to explain the process of environmental dynamic changes by finding the driving forces of land use or land cover change. In many land use change studies or simulations, most of researchers will convert vector data to raster data format, using the regular grid to be a basic unit for analyzing and simulating. At this time, grid is a basic unit to represent spatial information, it means when we chose the basic grid size, we also set the spatial resolution of the research.

This study detects driving forces of land use change at different spatial resolution and extent. The outcomes show that when the basic grid size was too large, it will lead to detect wrong driving forces. At different sub-areas, driving forces have little differences. The result shows that before doing land use/cover change research, we should evaluate which grid size is suitable for the research area, research area should be divided to many sub-region when it’s geographical or social economical features are quite different.

第一章 緒論 …………………………………………………1
第一節 研究動機與目的 …………………………………………………1
第二節 研究範圍與內容、流程 …………………………………………8
第二章 文獻回顧 ………………………………………….11
第一節 空間、尺度的定義 …………………………………………….11
第二節 社會、自然科學中對於尺度議題的相關研究 ……………….13
第三節 土地使用變遷下對於尺度的課題以及相關研究 …………….18
第四節 土地使用變遷模擬架構 ……………………………………….22
第五節 空間自相關理論及應用 ……………………………………….27
第三章 分析理論架構建立 ……………………………….32
第一節 新竹市土地使用變遷研究架構建立 ………………………….32
第二節 分析應用方法 ………………………………………………….40
第三節 研究範圍及城市發展歷程 …………………………………….45
第四章 實證分析 ………………………………………….51
第一節 不同解析度下網格數目及特性 ……………………………….51
第二節 網格化後土地使用型態誤差分析 …………………………….53
第三節 不同網格大小下空間自相關性 ……………………………….57
第四節 不同網格大小下驅動因子差異性 …………………………….73
第五節 不同範圍下土地使用變遷驅動因子差異性 ………………….84
第五章 結論與建議 ……………………………………….98
第一節 實證分析結果 ………………………………………………….98
第二節 研究結論 ………………………………………………………100
第三節 後續研究建議………………………………………………….102

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