臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

薄膜式共模濾波器被應用於抑制當IEEE1394、USB2.0 以及HDMI等以差動式傳輸(differential transmission)方式傳遞訊號時，因線路本身不完美對稱或外在輻射干擾等原因造成的「共模雜訊」。本研究中，提出一從元件相關尺寸與材料性質等出發，直接預測薄膜式耦合傳輸線共模濾波器(thin-film coupled transmission line common mode filter)相關電性表現的方法。本研究成功地以類解析解的方式建立一數學模型，將薄膜式耦合傳輸線共模濾波器電性表現以公式型式表示出來。本研究先利用有限元模擬軟體建立數個相異元件模型驗證公式預測之準確性，並驗證改變相關參數所造成濾波器效能的影響；除此之外，也驗證當鐵磁層具隨頻率變化與否之磁耗損性(magnetic loss)時所造成濾波器效能的影響；最後針對薄膜式耦合傳輸線共模濾波器Scc21 第一個極小值頻率點進行理論預測與模擬驗證以達到濾波器設計的初衷。從相關比較圖表顯示，本研究所提出的方法除了能夠有效地預測薄膜式耦合傳輸線共模濾波器相關之電性表現外，在參數改變的預測上也極正確，且符合物理意義；並且也能藉本研究之方法看出磁耗損性對薄膜式耦合傳輸線共模濾波器濾波效能的影響；濾波器Scc21 第一個極小值頻率點的預測也能符合趨勢。本研究所提出之薄膜式耦合傳輸線共模濾波器分析與設計方法，物理意義明確；並且由於是從元件尺寸及材料性質直接預測濾波器電性表現，將提供設計者一初期設計時的參考指標。未來將能以本研究所提出之分析方法進一步對濾波器進行優化設計；更能將此分析方法，延伸分析其他不同傳輸金屬佈局型式的薄膜式共模濾波器。

Thin-film common mode filter is applied to suppress the common mode noise which results from non-perfect-symmetric circuit or external radiation. This work derives a method which predicts the electric performance of thin-film coupled transmission line common filter from component dimensions and material property. This work sets up a mathematical model and expresses the electric performance of thin-film coupled transmission line common filter with quasi-analytical formulae. Firstly, this work derives mixed-mode scattering parameter transformation by lossy coupled transmission line model. This work constructs the distributed equivalent circuit model of thin-film coupled transmission line common filter, and derives the analytical formulae of the distributed parameters; then puts them into the transformation above and rearranges to obtain the mixed-mode scattering parameters we concern. This work utilizes FEM simulator to construct several components to verify the formulae prediction and the influence on the filter while changing related parameters; also to verify the influence on the filter while the magnetic loss (frequency-dependent or frequency-independent) of the ferrite layer is considered; finally, to verify the prediction of the first lowest peak of Scc21 of thin-film coupled transmission line common filter. According to the verification, it shows that the method this work introduces is effective and corresponds with physical sense. The method that directly predicts the electric performance from component dimensions and material property also provide a reference for filter design. In the future, one can optimize the common mode filter design by this work and can also extend this work to analyze other thin-film common mode filter with various type of transmission line layout.

論文口試委員審定書
誌謝 ................................................... i
中文摘要 .................................................... ii
Abstract ............................................. iii
目錄 ................................................... v
圖目錄 ................................................ ix
表目錄 ............................................... xii
符號說明 ............................................ xiii
第1 章 導論 ............................................ 1
1.1 研究動機 ........................................... 1
1.2 文獻回顧與探討 ..................................... 4
1.2.1 集總式(lump)等效電路模型 ..................................................... 4
1.2.2 散佈式(distributed)等效電路模型 .................. 7
1.2.3 比較與討論 ....................................... 9
1.3 論文架構 .......................................... 11
第2 章 薄膜式共模濾波器之介紹 ......................... 15
2.1 差動式(differential)訊號傳輸 ...................... 15
2.1.1 簡介 ............................................ 15
2.1.2 差模(differential-mode)與共模(common-mode) ...... 17
2.1.3 差動阻抗(differential impedance) ................ 19
2.2 集總式(lump)元件之濾波機制 ........................ 21
2.3 常見薄膜式共模濾波器形式 .......................... 22
2.3.1 依金屬線佈局(layout)分類 ........................ 22
2.3.2 依耦合形式(coupled type)分類 .................... 25
2.3.3 依製程(process)方式分類 ......................... 25
2.4 薄膜式共模濾波器之量測技術與電性表現評估 .......... 27
2.4.1 量測技術 ........................................ 27
2.4.2 電性表現評估 .................................... 29
2.5 結語 .............................................. 31
第3 章 薄膜式耦合傳輸線共模濾波器之理論建立與設計公式推導..................................................... 33
3.0 簡言 .............................................. 33
3.1 耦合傳輸線共模濾波器之理論 ........................ 35
3.1.1 散佈式(distributed)等效電路 ..................... 35
3.1.2 散佈式電路之濾波機制 ............................ 36
3.2 四埠阻抗矩陣與二埠混模散射矩陣 .................... 39
3.2.1 耦合傳輸線四埠阻抗參數 .......................... 39
3.2.2 混模散射參數(mixed-mode scattering parameters) .. 43
3.2.3 [Z]和[Smixed-mode]之轉換 ........................ 47
3.3 具鐵磁性(Ferromagnetic)介電層耦合傳輸線模型 ....... 49
3.3.1 鐵磁性介電層對傳輸線的影響之討論 ................ 49
3.3.2 具非磁耗損性(magnetic-lossless)鐵磁層模型 ....... 51
3.3.2.1 共模濾波器分析模型 ............................ 51
3.3.2.2 奇模與偶模操作之單位並聯電容 .................. 52
3.3.2.2.1 電容的變分(variational)表示式 ............... 52
3.3.2.2.2 奇模單位並聯電容 ............................ 54
3.3.2.2.2.1 利用等效傳輸線求解Green’s function ....... 56
3.3.2.2.2.2 有限薄度傳輸線之考量 ...................... 59
3.3.2.2.2.3 奇模單位並聯電容變分表示式 ................ 60
3.3.2.2.2.4 奇模單位並聯電容表示式 .................... 61
3.3.2.2.3 偶模單位並聯電容 ............................ 63
3.3.2.2.3.1 利用等效傳輸線求解Green’s function ....... 65
3.3.2.2.3.2 有限薄度傳輸線之考量 ...................... 66
3.3.2.2.3.3 偶模單位並聯電容變分表示式 ................ 67
3.3.2.2.3.4 偶模單位並聯電容表示式 .................... 68
3.3.2.3 奇模與偶模操作之單位串聯電感 .................. 70
3.3.2.3.1 統御方程式(government equation)之推導 ....... 70
3.3.2.3.2 奇模單位串聯電感 .............................72
3.3.2.3.2.1 奇模操作下之磁通量邊界條件 ................ 72
3.3.2.3.2.2 奇模單位串聯電感之解析式 .................. 73
3.3.2.3.3 偶模單位串聯電感 ............................ 75
3.3.2.3.3.1 偶模操作下之磁通量邊界條件 ................ 75
3.3.2.3.3.2 偶模單位串聯電感之解析式 .................. 76
3.3.2.4 奇模與偶模操作之單位並聯電導 .................. 77
3.3.2.4.1 等效導電度(effective conductivity)之推導 .... 77
3.3.2.4.2 等效介電係數(effective dielectric constant) . 79
3.3.2.4.3 單位並聯電導解析公式 ........................ 80
3.3.2.4.3.1 奇模空氣單位並聯電容 ...................... 80
3.3.2.4.3.2 偶模空氣單位並聯電容 ...................... 83
3.3.2.4.3.3 奇模與偶模單位並聯電導之表示式 ............ 86
3.3.2.5 奇模與偶模操作之單位串聯電阻 .................. 87
3.3.2.5.1 考慮渦電流(eddy current)效應之單位串聯電阻 .. 87
3.3.2.5.2 奇模單位串聯電阻 ............................ 90
3.3.2.5.3 偶模單位串聯電阻 ............................ 91
3.3.3 具磁耗損性(magnetic-lossy)鐵磁層模型 ............ 93
3.3.3.1 複導磁係數與鐵磁共振(ferrite-magnetic resonance, FMR) .. 93
3.3.3.2 複單位串聯電感 ................................ 94
3.4 公式整理與討論 .................................... 96
3.4.1 公式整理 ........................................ 96
3.4.2 公式討論 ....................................... 103
第4 章 數值模擬驗證與結果討論 ........................ 106
4.1 數值模型建立 ..................................... 106
4.2 驗證結果與探討 ................................... 107
4.2.1 具非磁耗損性(magnetic-lossless)鐵磁層模型之驗證 107
4.2.1.1 電性表現之預測 ............................... 107
4.2.1.2 參數影響之預測 ............................... 111
4.2.2 具磁耗損性(magnetic-lossy)鐵磁層模型之驗證 ..... 117
4.2.2.1 複導磁係數之影響 ............................. 117
4.2.2.2 鐵磁性共振(FMR)效應 .......................... 118
4.3 共模濾波器設計概念之體現與討論 ................... 120
第5 章 結論與未來展望 ................................ 123
5.1 結論 ............................................. 123
5.2 未來展望 ......................................... 123
參考文獻 ............................................. 125

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