臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

由於光伏發電系統有著來源免費、對環境極為友善、低維護成本等優點，所以光伏發電系統已成為重要的替代能源，其需求也逐漸增加。對於大部分的光伏發電系統而言，最大功率追蹤的功能是基本且不可缺的。每一個最大功率追蹤的技巧有其各自的優缺點，但是擾動觀察法因其低成本及容易實現所以被廣泛使用。當大氣條件改變迅速或是擾動觀察法沒有被正確實現時，可能會導致最大功率點追蹤的失敗。對此已有許多改良擾動觀察法的方法被發表，但是其中大部分皆聚焦於擾動量的調整，對於取樣時間效應的改善卻很少被提出討論。
基本上本論文之貢獻點可總結如下：首先，以一個新型DC-DC升壓轉換器作為光伏發電系統之架構，配合改良型擾動觀察法以加強太陽能模組操作在發生局部開路或短路時的最大功率追蹤。第二，以建立判斷擾動觀察法是否操作在穩態模式的指標，並用以加快擾動觀察法的收斂時間。第三，建立一個以DSP為基礎之光伏發電雛形系統，由實驗結果可用以驗證本文提出之改良型擾動觀察法之性能。最後模擬一個光伏發電系統連接LCL濾波器進行市電並聯，並驗證其有效性。

Photovoltaic (PV) power system becomes an important alternative due to its merits such as freely available, environment friendly, and less maintenance cost. Hence, the demand of PV power system has increased. Tracking of the maximum power point （MPP） is an important and essential function of most of the PV power system. Every maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique has its own merits and demerits, but the perturbation and observation （P&O）method is widely used because of its low cost and easy implementation. The P&O method may fail to track the exact MPP when atmospheric conditions change rapidly or the P&O method is not correctly implemented. Many improved P&O methods have been published, but most of these published techniques focus on the adjustment of the perturbation magnitude. The discussions to the effect of sampling time are seldom to be found in the corresponding literatures.
Basically, the contributions of the thesis can be summarized as follows. First, a new voltage-boost dc-dc converter for PV power system is proposed, and the corresponding improved P&O method is also proposed to enhance the performance of MPPT when the solar cell module is locally operated on short circuit or open circuit. Secondly, to speed up the convergent time of the P&O method, an index is adopted to judge the steady-state operation mode. Third, a DSP-based PV power system prototype is constructed. And some experimental results are given to demonstrate the performance of the proposed improved P&O method. Finally, a LCL filter-tied grid connected PV system is simulated, and the simulated results can verify the validity.

摘 要
Abstract
目 錄
圖目錄
表目錄
第1章 緒論
1.1 研究動機
1.2 文獻回顧
1.3 論文貢獻
1.4 論文大綱
第2章 太陽能電池模型簡介
2.1 前言
2.2 太陽能光電轉換原理
2.2.1 半導體材料的光吸收
2.2.2 光生伏特
2.3 太陽能電池的種類
2.4 太陽能電池的等效電路
2.5 最大功率追蹤方法與比較
2.6 小結
第3章 新型轉換器改良型擾動觀察法最大功率追蹤策略
3.1 前言
3.2 新型轉換器之基本原理
3.3 新型太陽能電池之最大功率追蹤策略
3.3.1 週期平均功率計算
3.3.2 太陽能電池模組穩態判斷
3.4 小結
第4章 改良型擾動觀察法為基礎之最大功率追蹤實驗結果
4.1 前言
4.2 實作硬體電路
4.2.1 主電路架構元件參數選用
4.2.2 隔離驅動電路
4.2.3 回授擴充電路
4.2.4 電流回授介面電路
4.2.5 電壓回授介面電路
4.2.6 軟體程式設計
4.3 實驗結果
4.4 小結
第5章 市電並聯模擬結果
5.1 前言
5.2 市電並聯模擬建模
5.3 市電並聯模擬結果
5.4 小結
第6章 結論與未來研究方向
6.1 結論
6.2 未來研究方向
參考文獻

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