臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

企業有其生命週期，或因為各種內部及外部的因素，導致企業的衰退，而企業衰退是危機也是轉機，為此，希望能透過多角化的執行來延續企業生命，甚至由衰轉盛。目前多角化策略的研究，大多以企業成長的擴張階段做研究，鮮少針對企業衰退階段來做討論，因此，本研究以探討企業衰退的內部及外部因素與多角化策略的影響，來瞭解多角化策略在企業衰退時期影響的效果，是否可將企業轉危為安，作為後續研究或企業經營決策、管理之用。
本研究透過文獻整理出各項企業衰退原因與多角化策略方法，針對企業高階管理者，以問卷方式做調查，以相關性分析，了解企業衰退內、外部因素與多角化策略之相關性。以多元迴歸之階層迴歸分析企業多角化策略在內部與外部衰退原因對企業衰退之間是否有調節的效果。經分析結果顯示，企業內部因素中的產品製造因素導致企業衰退的影響較為顯著。在外部因素的劣化導致企業衰退的影響較為顯著。而在企業衰退時期採取多角化策略，往往在經營管理層面已出現問題，若此時內部因素不先排除，就進行多角化策略，反而會使企業資源耗盡，無法達到轉危為安的效果。
研究結果顯示，多角化策略在企業衰退時期並無法減緩衰退，反而過度分散企業資源，可能造成加速惡化。所以當企業衰退時期，應著重在企業內部衰退因素與外部因素的改善，如產業技術及市場競爭能力的提升，以及因應市場的改變及產品技術的提升，才能有效改善企業的經營成效。

Every enterprise has its life cycle, and either internal or external factors lead to a decline. But a decline can be seen as a crisis or an opportunity. Therefore, we want the business to last longer by executing diversification strategies, or even change the situations from declining to a flourishing. Due to the current research of diversification strategies which are mostly in the expansion phase of an enterprise growth but rarely discussing the decline, here we are probing into both the internal and external factors that cause a business decline as well as the effects of diversification strategies. It will understand the effect of corporate strategy at the impact of the decline, whether the business turned to flourish form decline. The study will provide follow-up research or business decision-making and management.
This study categorized the causes of the enterprise decline and methods for diversification strategies, and conducted a questionnaire survey for the high-level managers, then analyzed the results to figure out the connections among an enterprise decline, the internal and external factors, and diversification strategies. By using the multiple regressions to analyze if diversification strategies can do any help with a decline no matter internally or externally. The conclusion showed that for internal factors, the manufacturing sectors were leading to a more significant impact in a decline. The market deterioration was for the external factors. So diversification strategies may be executed in a decline, but usually the management aspects have been having problems, if executing the strategies without ruling out the internal factors first, it will just deplete the enterprise resource but bring the business back to flourishing.
The results showed that enterprise’s diversification strategies in decline states cannot relief the decline situations but deplete enterprise resources, which may cause accelerated deterioration. So during a business decline , enterprises should focus on improving both the internal and the external factors, such as upgrading of industrial technology and market competitive set, and reacting to the rapid demand in the market and enhance the product technology in order to improve the business performance.

中文摘要i
英文摘要iii
致謝辭v
目錄vi
表目錄viii
圖目錄xi
第一章 緒論1
第一節 研究背景1
第二節 研究動機3
第三節 研究目的4
第四節 研究程序5
第二章 文獻探討6
第一節 生命週期之概念6
第二節 企業衰退因素10
第三節 企業衰退指標26
第四節 企業多角化策略29
第三章 研究方法40
第一節 研究架構40
第二節 研究假設41
第三節 研究變項操作性定義43
第四節 問卷設計47
第五節 研究對象50
第六節 資料分析51
第四章 研究結果55
第一節 問卷回收及處理55
第二節 敘述性統計分析56
第三節 樣本代表性檢定62
第四節 同源變異分析63
第五節 問卷信度與效度分析64
第六節 相關性分析71
第七節 迴歸分析73
第八節 假設驗證結果77
第五章 結論與建議78
第一節 研究結論78
第二節 管理意涵81
第三節 研究限制82
第四節 後續研究與建議83
參考文獻85
中文部分85
英文部分87
附錄(問卷)94

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