臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

超高頻無線射頻辨識系統，因其讀取距離較長，所以容易受到多重路徑衰減的影響，本論文提出符合台灣超高頻無線射頻辨識操作頻段規範之925MHz多輸入多輸出被動式射頻辨識標籤，以改善此問題。
本論文使標籤接受來自於不同極化方向的發送訊號，量測標籤兩天線分別回傳的能量大小，由實驗量測結果驗證多輸入多輸出超高頻被動射頻辨識標籤對於多重路徑衰減下之改善效果。
標籤架構參考林旺旗學長於論文中所設計之雙天線半被動式射頻辨識標籤及無線識別與傳感平台(Wireless Identification and Sensing Platform, WISP)中之類比前端電路架構，進而優化為多輸入多輸出架構，並於標籤端上增加對於接收訊號強度(Received signal strength indicator, RSSI)之量化功能，並將量化後數值利用空-時區塊編碼技術（Space-Time Block Code, STBC）回傳給讀取器端，以便實驗量測分析。
此外由於標籤改進回傳格式不同，故無法使用舊有讀取器用於實際運算分析，故於實驗上採用觀察量測能量變化，用以驗證標籤實際之效果。

Due to the long read range, the performance of Ultra High Frequency (UHF) Identification (RFID) system can be easily affected by multi-path fading. To overcome the preceding problem, a MIMO UHF passive RFID tag, operating at 925 MHz, complied with the regulation of Taiwan, is proposed in this thesis.
With different polarizations of transmitter, we measure the tag backscatter power .The experimental results verify the effects of tag against multi-path fading.
The structure of the dual antenna tag is referred to the structure of analog front-end circuit of Wireless Identification and Sensing Platform (WISP) and the 　semi-passive dual antenna tag design in Lin’s thesis and optimized becoming a passive dual antenna tag. Furthermore, we add the quantization function of Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) on MSP430. Thus, the quantized values can be transmitted to receiver by Space-Time Block Code, STBC.
In addition, because of the difference pattern of backscatter of the improving tag, compared with tag proposed by previous literature, the reader we used before is not available to analyze the data. Therefore, the effects are verified by measuring, observing and analyzing the energy variation.

目錄
摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
目錄 1
圖目錄 3
表目錄 6
第1章 序論 7
1.1 研究動機與目的 7
1.2 章節概述 8
第2章 文獻回顧 9
2.1 多輸入多輸出射頻辨識標籤設計目的 9
2.1.1 分集合併技術 10
2.2 雙天線半被動射頻標籤設計 12
2.2.1標籤電路設計 13
2.2.2標籤回傳訊號原理與編碼 14
2.3 單天線被動式射頻辨識標籤設計 17
2.3.1 無線辨識與傳感器平台介紹 17
2.3.2 WISP電路板塊設計 18
2.3.3類比前端電路設計與功率調節 20
第3章 多輸入多輸出被動式射頻辨識標籤設計與實作 22
3.1 被動式與半被動式標籤設計探討 22
3.1.1 類比電路設計改善 23
3.1.2 軟體設計改善 29
3.2 被動式標籤模擬與實作 31
3.2.1 匹配電路模擬結果 33
3.2.2 匹配電路實作 35
3.2.3 回傳訊號電路模擬 38
3.2.4 回傳訊號電路實作 40
3.3 接收訊號強度量測與回傳訊號設計 42
第4章 實驗量測與分析 45
4.1 標籤所需能量量測實驗 45
4.1.1 雙天線端口連接量測 46
4.1.2 A0天線端口連接量測 47
4.1.3 A1天線端口連接量測 48
4.2 微波無反射實驗室量測實驗 51
4.2.1 水平極化量測 53
4.2.2 垂直極化量測 55
4.2.3 45度極化量測 57
4.3會議室量測實驗 60
4.3.1 會議室水平極化量測 64
4.3.1 會議室垂直極化量測 67
4.3.1 會議室45度極化量測 70
4.4 RSSI值實驗檢測 74
4.4.1 A0與A1端高接收能量量測 75
4.4.2 A0端低接收能量與A1端高接收能量量測 76
4.4.3 A0端高接收能量與A1端低接收能量量測 78
4.4.4 量化最低值量測 81
4.4.4 量化最高值量測 82
參考文獻 87

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