中文部分
王美芬、熊召弟(1998)。國民小學自然科教材教法。台北:心理。
毛連塭、吳清山、陳麗華(1992)。康乃爾批判思考測驗修訂報告。初等教育學刊,1,1-28。
毛連溫、劉燦樑、陳麗華(1991)。康乃爾批判思考測驗之修訂。測驗年刊,38,109-123。
江芳盛(1991)。高雄市國民小學教師批判思考教學行為之研究。國立臺灣師範大學教育研究所集刊,33,247-258。吳靜吉、葉玉珠(1992)。康乃爾批判思考測驗甲式之修訂。測驗年刊,39,79-103。吳靜吉、鄭英耀、王文中(1992)。華格批判思考量表之修訂。教育與心理研究,15,39-77。宋慧娟(1995)。家政教育系學生批判思考教學之實驗研究。台北:國立台灣師範大學家政教育研究所碩士論文(未出版)。沈家平(2003)。STS模式教學對學生批判思考能力之影響。台北:國立臺灣師範大學物理研究所碩士論文(未出版)。林雅慧(2001)。批判思考訓練對提升國小資優生批判思考能力教學成效之研究 。台北:國立臺灣師範大學特殊教育研究所碩士論文(未出版)。紀淑琴(1998)。思考性寫作教學方案對國中生寫作能力、後設認知、批判思考及創造思考影響之研究。台北:國立台灣師範大學教育心理與輔導研究所碩士論文(未出版)。胡瑞萍、林陳涌(2002)。寫作與科學學習。科學教育月刊,253,2-18。
孫麗翎(1988)。國小學童作文常犯錯誤分析研究。台北:國立政治大學教育研究所碩士論文(未出版)張玉成(1992)。國小語文科實施批判思考教學之實驗研究。台北師院學報,5,1-66。
張春興、林清山(1995)。教育心理學。台北:東華。
教育部(2001)。國民中小學九年一貫課程暫行綱要─十大基本能力。台北:教育部。
梁啟峰(2003)。以科學寫作探究國小高年級學童對環境保護知識之研究。嘉義:國立嘉義大學科學教育研究所碩士論文(未出版)。許原嘉(2002)。以科學寫作方式探究國小學童科學迷失概念之研究─以空氣概念為例。嘉義:國立嘉義大學科學教育研究所碩士論文(未出版)。
郭郁智(2000)。國民中學學生學習策略、批判思考能力與學業成就之相關研究。高雄:國立高雄師範大學教育學系碩士論文(未出版)。郭麗珠(2002)。國小社會科實施批判思考教學之實驗研究。台北:國立台北師範學院課程與教學研究所碩士論文(未出版)。陳荻卿(2000)。批判思考教學策略運用在國小五年級社會科之實驗研究。台北:國立政治大學教育學系碩士論文(未出版)。陳儀璇(1995)。國中補校成人學生批判思考之研究。台北:國立台灣師範大學教育研究所碩士論文(未出版)。陳慧娟(1998)。科學寫作有效促進概念改變的教學策略。中等教育,49(6),123-131。
陳瑩燕(2001)。維高斯基社會互動論在國小社會領域批判思考教學之應用。屏東:屏東師範學院國民教育研究所碩士論文(未出版)。陳麗華(1989)。國小社會科批判思考教學的省思。現代教育,15,121-135。陳耀豐(2002)。國小學童認知風格、批判思考能力與自然科學業成就之相關研究。台中:台中師範學院自然科學教育學系碩士論文(未出版)。楊司維(2003)。資訊融入以專題為基礎之教學與學習對批判思考能力與意向影響之研究-以國小六年級自然科教學為例。屏東:屏東師範學院教育科技研究所碩士論文(未出版)。溫明麗(1997)。批判性思考教學:哲學之旅。台北:師大書苑。
葉玉珠(1991)。我國中小學生批判思考及其相關因素之研究。台北:國立政治大學教育研究所碩士論文(未出版)。葉玉珠(1999)。批判思考意向量表。載於葉玉珠、葉碧玲、謝佳蓁(2000)。中小學批判思考技巧測驗之發展。測驗年刊,47(1),45。葉玉珠(2000)。智能與批判思考。國立中山大學社會科學季刊,2(1),1-28。葉玉珠、葉碧玲、謝佳蓁(2000)。中小學批判思考技巧測驗之發展。測驗年刊,47(1),27-46。劉國權(2001)。STS及科學寫作活動對學童科學概念及科學相關態度之影響研究。台北:臺北市立師範學院自然科學教育研究所碩士論文(未出版)。劉清芬(2000)。國小學生批判思考、情緒智力與學業成就關係之研究。高雄:國立高雄師範大學教育學系碩士論文未出版劉祥通、周立勳(1997)。數學寫作活動-國小數學教學的溝通工具。國民教育研究學報,3,239-262。潘志忠(2002)。議題中心教學法對國小學生批判思考能力影響之實驗研究 。花蓮:國立花蓮師範學院國民教育研究所碩士論文(未出版)。潘裕豐(1993)。國小批判思考教學效果之實驗研究。特殊教育研究學刊,9,233-248。蔡志賢(2003)。科學寫作融入國小自然科教學的行動研究。嘉義:國立嘉義大學國民教育研究所碩士論文(未出版)。蔡培村(1998)。思考活動與教學。載於林生傳主編,教育心理學(頁165-203)。台北:五南。
鄭英耀(1992)。國小教師創造思考、批判思考及其相關因素之研究。台北:國立政治大學教育研究所博士論文(未出版)。盧玉玲、連啟瑞(1999)。批判性思考潮流下的科學教育。國民教育,39(4),12-15。蕭登峰(2003)。探討啟發式科學寫作融入教學對學童科學概念學習與改變之研究-以氧化概念學習為例。嘉義:國立嘉義大學國民教育研究所碩士論文(未出版)。鍾敏龍(2002)。國小社會科以爭論性議題中心的批判思考教學之行動研究。花蓮:國立花蓮師範學院社會科教學碩士班碩士論文(未出版)。Gagné, E. D., Yekovich, C. W., & Yekovich, F. R.(19)/岳修平譯(1998)。教學心理學:學習的認知基礎。臺北:遠流。
外文部分
Ambron, J. (1987). Writing to improve learning in biology. Journal of College Science Teaching, 16, 263-266.
Applebee. A. N. (1984). Writing and reasoning. Review of Educational Research, 54(4), 577-596.
Ayers, W. E. (1993). A study of the effectiveness of expressive writing as a enhancement in middle school science. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, New York University.
Bereiter, C. & Scardamalia, M. (1987). The Psychology of Written Composition. Hillsdale, NJ:Erlbaum.
Beyer, B. K. (1983). Common sense about teaching thinking skills. Educational Leadership, 41(3), 44-49.
Beyer, B. K. (1985). Teaching critical thinking: A direct approach. Social Education, 49(4), 297-303.
Britton, J. (1970). Language and Learning. New York: Penguin Books.
Brown, A. L. & Palincsar, A. S. (1989). Guided, cooperative learning and individual knowledge acquisition. In L. Resnick (Ed.), Knowing,Learning, and Instruction (pp.393-451). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Browne, M. N. & Keeley, S. M. (1991). Getting started as a teacher of critical thinking. Paper presented at the 11th Annual Conference on Critical Thinking and Educational Reform, Sonoma, CA.
Chaffee, J. (1994). Thinking Critically (4th ed.). Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
Connally, P. & Vilardi, T. (1989). Writing to Learn Mathematics and Science. New York: Teachers College Press.
Connally, P. (1989). Writing and the ecology of learning. In P. Connally & T. Vilardi (Eds.), Writing to Learn Mathematics and Science (pp. 1-15). New York: Teachers College Press.
Dewey, J. (1933). How We Think. Boston: D. C. Heath.
Elbow, P. (1973). Writing Without Teachers. London: Oxford University Press.
Elbow, P. (1981). Writing With Power. New York: Oxford University Press.
Ennis, R. H. (1987). A taxonomy of critical thinking dispositions and abilities. In J. B. Baron & R. J. Sternberg (Eds.), Teaching Thinking Skills: Theory and Practice (pp. 9-26). New York: Freeman.
Ennis, R. H. (1993). Critical Thinking Assessment. Theory into Practice, 32(3), 179-186.
Ennis, R. H., Millman, J., & Tomko, T. N. (1985). Cornell Critical Thinking Tests Level X & Z-Manual. CA: Midwest Publications.
Facione, P. A., Sanchez, C. A., Facione, N. C., & Gainen, J. (1995). The disposition toward critical thinking. The Journal of General Education, 44(1), 1-25.
Fellows, N. J. (1994). A window into thinking: using student writing to understand conceptual change in science learning. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 31(9), 985-1001.
Flower, L. S. & Hayes, J. R., (1981). A cognitive process theory of writing. College Composition and Communication, 32, 365-387.
Glynn, S. M. & Muth, K. D.(1994). Reading and writing to learn science: achieving scientific literacy. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 31(9), 1057-1073.
Gonzalez-Rubio, V. C. (1988). An investigation of the relationships between secondary teacher’s instruction of critical thinking skills and their student''''s perceptions of those skills. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Illinois university.
Halpern, D. F. (1996). Thought and Knowledge: An Introduction to Critical Thinking (3rd ed.). NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Halpern, D. F. (1997). Critical Thinking Across the Curriculum: A Brief Edition of Thought and Knowledge. NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.
Holliday, W. G., Yore, L. D., & Alvermann, D. E. (1994). The reading-science learning-writing connection: Breakthroughs, barriers, and promises. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 31, 877-893.
Howard, V.A. (1988). Thinking on paper: A philosopher’s look at writing. In V.A. Howard (Ed.), Varieties of Thinking: Essays from Harvard’s Philosophy of Educational Research Center (pp.84-92). New York: Routledge, Chapman & Hall.
Hurov, J. T. (1987). A study of the relationship between reading computational and critical thinking skills and academic success in fundamental of Chemistry. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED286569).
Keys, C. W. (1994). The development of scientific reasoning skill in conjunction with collaborative writing assignments: An interpretive study of six ninth-grade students. Journal of Research in Science teaching, 31(9), 1003-1022.
Keys, C. W. (1999). Revitalizing instruction in scientific genres: Connecting knowledge production with writing to learn in science. Science Education, 83(2), 115-130.
Keys, C. W. (2000). Investigating the thinking processes of eighth grade writers during the composition of a scientific laboratory report. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 37(7), 676-690.
Keys, C. W., Hand, B., Prain, V., & Collins, S. (1999). Using the science Writing heuristic as a tool for learning from laboratory investigations in secondary science. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 36(10), 1065-1084.
Kitchener, K. S. (1986). The reflective judgement model: Characteristics, evidence, and measurement. In R. A. Mines, & K. S. Kitchener (Eds.), Adult Cognitive Development: Methods and Models (pp.76-91). New York: Praeger.
Langer, J. A. & Appleby, A. N. (1987). How Writing Shapes Thinking: A Study of Teaching and Learning (Tech. Rep. No. 22). Urbana, IL: National Council of Teachers of English.
Lee, Y. (1994). The impact of cultural transition on the development of Chinese adult learners’ critical thinking. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
MacDonald, H. R. & Purdy, R. A. (1989). Description and evaluation of a short writing assignment in historical geology. Journal of Geological Education, 37, 117-120.
Madigan, C. (1987). Writing as a means, not an end. Journal of College Science Teaching, 16, 245-249.
Martin, J. R. (1993). Literacy in science: Learning to handle text as technology. In M. A. K. Halliday & J. R. Martin (Eds.), Writing Science: Literacy and Discursive Power (pp. 166-220). Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press.
Mason, L. & Boscolo, P. (2000). Writing and conceptual change. What changes? Instructional Science, 28, 199-226.
Mason, L. (2001). Introducing talk and writing for conceptual change: a classroom study. Learning and Instruction. 11, 305-329.
Mullins, W. J. (1989). Writing in physics. Physics Teacher, 27, 342-347.
Newell, G. E. (1984). Learning from writing in two content areas: A case study/protocol analysis. Research in the Teaching of English, 18, 265-287.
Norris, S. P. & Ennis, R. H. (1989). Evaluating Critical Thinking. Pacific Grove, CA: Midwest .
Norris, S. P. (1985). Synthesis of research on critical thinking. Educational Leadership, 42(8), 40-45.
Olson, C. B. (1984). Fostering critical thinking skills through writing. Educational Leadership, 42(3), 28-39.
Palincsar. A. S.,Anderson, C., & David, Y. M. (1993). Pursuing scientific literacy in the middles grades through collaborative problem solving. The Elementary School Journal, 93, 643-658.
Paul, R. W. & Adamson, K. R. (1990). Critical thinking and the nature of prejudice. Paper presented at The 10th Annual International Conference on critical Thinking and Educational Reform, 1-48.
Paul, R. W. (1984). Critical thinking: Fundamental to education for a free society. Education Leadership, 42(1), 4-14.
Paul, R. W. (1993). Critical Thinking: What Every Person Needs to Survive in a Rapidly Changing World (3rd ed.). CA: Foundation for Critical Thinking.
Paul, R. W. (2000). Critical thinking: Teaching students the logic of writing. Journal of Developmental Education, 23(3), 36-37.
Paul, R. W., Elder, L. & Bartell, T. (l997). Teachers of teachers: Examining preparation for critical thinking. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No.ED410276).
Peasley, K. L., Rosaen, C. L., & Roth, K. J. (1992). Writing-to-learn in a conceptual change science unit. ( Eric Document Reproduction Series No.ED 356143).
Powell, A. (1985). A chemist’s view of writing, reading, and thinking across the curriculum. College Composition and Communication, 36, 414-418.
Prain, V. & Hand, B. (1999). Students perceptions of writing for learning in secondary school science. Science Education, 83(2), 151-162.
Rivard, L. P. (1994). A review of writing to learn in science: Implications for practice and research. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 31(9), 969-983.
Ruggiero, V. R. (1988). Teaching thinking across the curriculum. New York: Happer & Row.
Shermis, S. S. (1999). Reflective Thought, Critical Thinking. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED436007.)
Siegel, H. (1980). Critical thinking as an educational ideal. The Educational Forum, 45(1), 7-23.
Sternberg, R. J. (1986). Critical Thinking: Its Nature, Measurement, and Improvement. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No.ED272882)
Steward, R.T. & Al-Abdulla, Y. (1989). An examination of the relationship between critical thinking and academic success on a university campus. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED318936)
Swartz, R. J., & Parks, S. (1994). Infusing the Teaching of Critical and Creative Thinking into Content Instruction: A Lesson Design Handbook for the Elementary Grades. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED407059)
Taube, K. T. (1997). Critical thinking ability and disposition as factors of performance on a written critical thinking test. The Journal of General Education, 46(2), 129-164.
Temple, C. & Guillet, J. W. (1989). Language Arts: Learning Processes and Teaching Practices. 231.Glenview, IL: Scott, Foreman.
Walsh, C. M. & Paul, R. W. (1986). The goal of critical thinking: From education ideal to educational reality. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No.ED295916)
Walters, K. S. (1986). Critical thinking in liberal education: A case of overkill? Liberal Education, 72(3), 233-244.
Watson, G. & Glaser, E. M. (1980). Watson-Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal Manual. NY: The psychological Corporation.