臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘要

巨峰葡萄(Vitis vinifera 'Kyoho')因其濃郁果色受到台灣人青睞，然而在其栽培過程中容易受到鳥害，畢竟也是鳥類們喜愛的食物。因此本試驗的目標在改良傳統套袋，使套袋不僅能發揮防病蟲害也能有效防治鳥害。
本試驗共使用四種套袋進行試驗，分別是綠色雙層套袋、綠色單層套袋、
白色雙層套袋及白色單層套袋。白色單層套袋即是一般葡萄栽培用的套袋。總共進行三次試驗，第一及第三次於冬季進行；第二次則是在夏季進行。試驗包含套袋防治鳥害的效果及其對果實品質之影響。夏季試驗的結果，使用綠色雙層套袋的葡萄，其在正常時期採收時，果實外觀均未轉色，且品質低落；白色雙層套袋的葡萄，則與一般套袋的葡萄無顯著品質及外觀差異。將綠色雙層套袋延後10天採收後的結果，其花青素顯著上升，由0.31 μmol·g-1上升到1.81 μmol·g-1，果皮中可溶性單寧含量也由2143 ppm·g-1下降到641 ppm·g-1，此外可溶性固形物含量上升與可滴定酸含量下降，但仍未達正常時期採收時的一般套袋葡萄的品質。鳥害減輕的效果則是綠色雙層套袋者最佳，其次是白色雙層套袋者，但僅略優於一般套袋。
冬季試驗的結果則與夏季不同，兩次試驗中將果實正常時期採收時，綠色套袋葡萄品質比起白色套袋者轉色較差，但比起夏季時使用綠色套袋者佳，花青素含量及果色等都與一般套袋葡萄無差異。冬季試驗的結果，延後採收後綠色套袋葡萄品質品質提升小。防鳥效果方面則是雙層套袋明顯優於單層者；而綠色套袋相較白色套袋有好的防治鳥害效果，
就試驗結果而言，綠色套袋與雙層套袋有防治鳥害的效果，雙管齊下使防鳥效果更是卓越。夏季時推薦使用白色雙層套袋，因為此時氣溫偏高，若再用綠色套袋降低葡萄果實光照，果實品質的成熟會被明顯延遲；冬天時則推薦使用綠色雙層套袋，不只果實品質接近使用白色單層套袋者，防治鳥害效果也相當優秀。

Summary

In Taiwan,Vitis vinifera 'Kyoho',gained the popularity among Taiwanese for their rich fruit color, however, they are vulnerable when bird damage occur. People love grapes and birds as well. To solve the costly problem, we tried to improve the bags used for grape bagging to make them capable of preventing bird damage.
We have tried four kinds of bags in the experiment; they are green double-layered bags, green single-layered bags, white double-layered bags and white single-layered bags. White single-layered bags are common bags used for grape bagging in Taiwan.Three trials were conducted in total, the first and the third were conducted in winter; the second was conducted in summer. The experiment included the effect of bagging to prevent bird damage and its concerned effect on fruit quality. When summer grapes were harvested, grapes bagged by green double-layered bags, were still green, and the quality were much lower than white double-bagged grapes. On the other hand, the grapes bagged by white double-layered bags seems almost the same to white single-layered ones. However, if we postponed harvest time of the green double-layered ones, we can observed not only anthocyanin content increased significantly from 0.31 μmol / g to 1.81 μmol / g and the soluble tannin content decreased from 2143 ppm to 641 ppm, but also an increase in soluble solids content and the decrease in the titratable acid content. Unfortunately, the quality of green double-layered grapes is still slightly worse than others. In the experiment of effect of preventing bird damage green double-layered bags shows the best effect, followed by white double bagging, but the double-layered white bagging ones are just slightly better than the normal bags.
According to the test results, the green bags are better than white ones; and double-layered are better than the single-layered ones when it comes to the effect of prevention bird damage. But we recommend using white double-layered bags in summer, because the temperature is high, if we use green bags will make the temperature in bags higher and effect fruit quality negatively, green bags are more suitable for winter harvest; on the other hand, white double-layered bags are recommended to prevent bird damage and only have slightly influence on fruit quality.

目錄
中文摘要 .……………………………………………………………………………... i
Summary……………………………………………………………………………...ii
圖目錄………………………………………………………………………………...iii
表目錄…………………………………………………………………………….......vi
壹、 前言……………………………………………………………………………...1
貳、 前人研究………………………………………………………………………...2
參、 材料與方法…………………………………………………………………….10
肆、 結果…………………………………………………………………………….14
伍、 討論…………………………………………………………………………….37
陸、 結論…………………………………………………………………………….44
參考文獻……………………………………………………………………………..45
附錄…………………………………………………………………………………..50

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