臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘要
本研究之目的在了解兩人合作時，團隊成員與夥伴之A/B類行為、能力差異知覺對於團隊工作表現、合作滿意及情緒的影響。本研究採實驗室實驗法，以131名大學女生為實驗對象，兩人一組，所需完成之作業為一電腦判斷任務。
本研究的結果乃根據2（個體之行為組型：A/B）X 2（夥伴之行為組型：A/B）X 2（能力差異知覺：佳/差）三因子變異數分析而來。在團隊工作表現方面，「個體之A/B類行為」的主要效果顯示，A類行為者的團隊工作表現，與B類行為者並沒有差異。「個體之A/B類行為」與「能力差異知覺」的交互作用顯示能力差異知覺對B類行為者的影響較A類行為者大；在被告知其能力較差時，B類行為者的團隊工作表現較A類行為者佳，而在被告知其能力較佳時，其團隊工作表現則較A類行為者差。另外，「個體之A/B類行為」、「夥伴之A/B類行為」及「能力差異知覺」的三因子交互作用達顯著，A類行為者在「知覺能力較差」且「夥伴為A類行為者」時，團隊工作表現最差。
在合作滿意方面，「個體之A/B類行為」的主要效果顯示，兩者的合作滿意度沒有差異；而「夥伴之A/B行為」的主要效果達顯著，表示不論本身為A類或B類行為者，與A類行為者合作的滿意度較低於與B類行為者合作。
在情緒部分，「個體之A/B類行為」的主要效果顯示A類行為者的情緒較B類行為者為負向，較容易焦慮；此外，「個體之A/B類行為」、「夥伴之A/B類行為」與「能力差異知覺」的三因子交互作用達顯著，當A類行為者被告知能力較差時，A類行為者與A類夥伴合作時，其情緒最為負向。
本研究最後針對所有的研究結果作整合性的討論，並依實驗所得的結果，提出可能的貢獻、限制、對未來研究的建議及工商實務上的應用。

目錄
第一章緒論1
第一節研究動機與目的1
第二節文獻探討5
第三節研究問題與架構25
第二章研究方法29
第一節研究對象29
第二節實驗工具與設備30
第三節實驗設計32
第四節 實驗程序35
第三章 研究結果43
第一節 受試者資料43
第二節 操弄變項之檢驗44
第三節 研究問題的驗證49
第四節其他結果分析62
第四章 討論與建議68
第一節討論68
第二節 研究檢討與貢獻73
第三節 在工商實務界的應用77
附錄一：各階段之電腦畫面86
附錄二：實驗所用之書面資料89
圖目錄
圖1-1 A類行為組型的生理、病理歷程交互關係圖11
圖1-2 個人信念產生A型行為組型的歷程12
圖1-3 研究架構25
圖2-1 實驗室簡圖32
圖3-1 「個體之A/B類行為」與「能力差異知覺」在團隊工作表現上的交互作用圖52
圖3-2 夥伴為A類行為者時，「個體之A/B行為」與「能力差異知覺」在團隊工作表現上的交互作用圖53
圖3-3 在知覺能力較差時，「個體之A/B類行為」與「夥伴之A/B類行為」之交互作用圖59
圖3-4 夥伴為A類行為者時，「個體之A/B類行為」與「能力差異知覺」之交互作用圖60
圖3-5 「夥伴之A/B類行為」與「能力差異知覺」在「不公平─公平」上的交互作用圖64
圖3-6 「個體之A/B類行為」與「能力差異知覺」在「壓力─65
輕鬆」上交互作用圖65
表目錄
表1-1 A類行為組型的非理性信念和理性反挑戰13
表3-1 A/B類行為者之A型人格量表總分T考驗表43
表3-2 受試者在「目標影響力」上的填答狀況45
表3-3 個體及夥伴之A/B類行為、能力差異知覺在「目標影響力」上的三因子變異數分析表46
表3-4 個體及夥伴之A/B類行為、能力差異知覺在「得到獎金機率」上的三因子變異數分析表47
表3-5 個體及夥伴之A/B類行為、能力差異知覺在「團隊獎金數額的影響」上的三因子變異數分析表47
表3-6 個體及夥伴之A/B類行為、能力差異知覺在「個人獎金數額的影響」上的三因子變異數分析表48
表3-7 個體及夥伴之A/B類行為、能力差異知覺在「個人獎金數額的影響」上的三因子變異數分析表48
表3-8 個體及夥伴之A/B類行為、能力差異知覺在「團隊工作表現」上的三因子共變數分析表50
表3-9 A/B類行為者在不同能力差異知覺狀態下的團隊工作表現之平均數與標準差51
表3-10 「個體之A/B類行為」、「夥伴之A/B類行為」以及「能力差異知覺」在團隊工作表現上的簡單交互作用53
表3-11 與A類行為者合作時，A/B類行為者受到「能力差異知覺」影響之團隊工作表現的平均數與標準差53
表3-12 「個體之A/B類行為組型」、「夥伴之A/B類行為組型」以及「能力差異知覺」的單純單純主要效果54
表3-13 「個體之A/B類行為」、「夥伴之A/B類行為」、「能力差異知覺」在合作滿意上的三因子變異數分析表54
表3-14 與A/B類夥伴合作時合作滿意之平均數與標準差56
表3-15 「個體之A/B類行為」、「夥伴之A/B類行為」以及「能力差異知覺」在「情緒」上的三因子變異數分析57
表3-16 「個體之A/B類行為」、「夥伴之A/B類行為」以及「能力差異知覺」在「情緒」上的簡單交互作用效果58
表3-17 在能力較差時，「個體之A/B類行為」與「夥伴之A/B類行為」的交互作用影響下，個體在情緒上之平均數與標準差59
表3-18 個體為A類行為者時，「夥伴之A/B類行為」與「能力差異知覺」之交互作用在情緒上的平均數與標準差59
表3-19 個體的「時間緊迫感」、「競爭與成就」以及「攻擊與敵意」等特性與情緒的相關61
表3-20 A/B類行為者在各情緒向度上的T考驗表61
表3-21 個體在各情緒向度的平均數62
表3-22 「個體之A/B類行為」、「夥伴之A/B類行為」以及「能力差異知覺」在「不公平─公平」上的三因子變異數分析表63
表3-23 各組在「夥伴之A/B類行為」與「能力差異知覺」影響下「不公平─公平」知覺的平均數與標準差64
表3-24 「個體之A/B類行為」、「夥伴之A/B類行為」以及「能力差異知覺」在「壓力-輕鬆」上的三因子變異數分析65
表3-25 「A/B類行為組型」與「能力差異知覺」的交互作用在「壓力-輕鬆」知覺上的平均數與標準差65
表3-26 「個體之A/B類行為」、「夥伴之A/B類行為」以及「能力差異知覺」在「焦慮─從容」上的三因子變異數分析表66
表3-27 「個體之A/B類行為」、「夥伴之A/B類行為」以及「能力差異知覺」在「主觀知覺之個人工作努力程度」上的變異數分析表67
表3-28 「個體之A/B類行為」、「夥伴之A/B類行為」以及「能力差異知覺」在「團隊工作分配比例」上的三因子變異數分析表67
表4-1 A/B類行為者在知覺能力較差時，與A/B類夥伴合作的團隊工作表現平均數與標準差69

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