臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

面對全球化的競爭環境，產品創新與滿足顧客的需求是現今企業重視的議題，而失效模式與效應分析(Failure Mode and Effects Analysis, FMEA)則是一種用來確定潛在失效模式及其效果的分析方法，以避免失效發生或減少其發生率，因此被廣泛地運用在產品設計與製造程序上。不過該模式仍存在一些問題，例如：蒐集到的資訊通常是以主觀的語言來表示、其嚴重度(S)、發生度(O)、難檢度(D)因子之間的風險優先數可能相同、及其因子之間的重要性未必相同等問題。
因此，本研究擬發展以決策實驗室法(Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory, DEMATEL)應用於直觀模糊理論(Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets, IFS)結合FMEA，來發展新的直觀模糊失效評估模式；首先，本研究應用網路層級分析法(Analytic Network Process, ANP)計算失效因子權重以篩選重要失效因子，接著應用直觀模糊失效評估模式，考量直觀模糊語意涵有「贊成」、「反對」與「中立」的情況，解決風險優先數可能相等或近似的問題，最後，結合DEMATEL的失效因果關係獲得最終關鍵失效因子排序，並以「觸控面板網印機」開發設計為例來說明其應用。透過本研究所發展之評估模式，可以輔助工程師於產品設計時，可以更客觀分析並找出潛在失效因子，以降低失效發生機率並提高產品品質。

In the face of global competition environment, product innovation and fulfillment of customer needs are issues today's businesses make much account of, whereas failure mode and effects analysis, FMEA is an analytical method for identifying potential failure modes and their effects in order to avoid occurrence of failure or cut down their incidence rate, which is therefore widely used in the product design and manufacturing process. However, there still exist some problems in this model, such as: collected information usually is expressed by subjective language. Risk priority number among factors of severity (S), occurrence ratio (O), and detection (D) may be the same, and the importance amid factors is not necessarily the same and other issues.
Hence, the study is to develop the application of decision making trial and evaluation laboratory, DEMATEL to intuitionistic fuzzy sets, IFS in conjunction with FMEA, so as to develop new intuitionistic fuzzy failure assessment. First, this study applies analytic network process, ANP to compute the weight of failure factors and to filter important failure factors, followed by application of intuitionistic fuzzy failure assessment modes, to consider the intuitionistic fuzzy semantics embodying "approval", "objection" and "neutrality" cases, solving problems that risk priority number may be equal or similar. Lastly, combine with the failure causality of DEMATEL to come by the final key failure factor sequencing, and take development and design of "touch panel network printer" as an example to illustrate its application. Through assessment model developed in this study, we can assist engineers in time of product design so that they can more objectively analyze and identify potential failure factors, in order to cut back the probability of failure and lift product quality.

摘要 i
致謝 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vi
表目錄 vii
符號說明 ix
第一章、緒論 1
1.1、研究背景與動機 1
1.2、研究目的 3
1.3、研究架構 4
1.4、研究流程 5
第二章、文獻探討 6
2.1、觸控面板 6
2.2、直觀模糊(Intuitionistic Fuzzy Set, IFS) 8
2.3、失效模式與效應分析(Failure Mode and Effects Analysis, FMEA) 14
2.3.1、FMEA之評估模式 14
2.3.2、Fuzzy-FMEA 17
2.3.3、Fuzzy-FMEA相關研究文獻 18
2.3.4、IFS-FMEA相關研究文獻 21
2.4決策實驗室法（Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory, DEMATEL） 22
2.4.1 DEMATEL簡介及應用 22
2.4.2 DEMATEL架構及運算步驟 23
2.4.3 DEMATEL範例說明 25
2.4.4 DEMATEL相關研究文獻 28
2.5網路層級分析法(Analytic Network Process, ANP) 31
2.5.1、網路層級分析法相關研究文獻 33
2.6小結 35
第三章、研究方法 36
3.1、研究方法及流程架構 36
3.2、研究步驟程序 37
3.3、小結 49
第四章、實證分析 50
4.1、網路層級分析法篩選重要因子 50
4.2、傳統FMEA、模糊FMEA、直觀模糊FMEA及DEMATEL應用直觀模糊於FMEA比較分析 58
第五章、結論與建議 82
5.1、結論 82
5.2、建議 83
參考文獻 84
附錄一、DEMATEL原始問卷內容 89
附錄二、三構面下十二個次準則DEMATEL運算步驟結果 94

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