臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

安非他命、甲基安非他命、麻黃素、偽麻黃素、亞甲二氧基甲基安非他命與愷他命是常見濫用藥物，毒品濫用者已從單一毒品到多種毒品同時一起使用，所以可見在一顆膠囊或錠劑或粉末中，同時含有多種毒品成分，查緝到之走私毒品也是以多種毒品混合之藥劑大宗。
本研究利用兩階段不同緩衝液毛細電泳區帶分析法，同時分離前述六種藥物，操作條件為以500 mM硼酸 (Boric acid) 分別混合20 mM (pH 6.88)及40 mM (pH 7.23) Borax (硼酸鈉) 為二階段緩衝溶液，在60 公分(cm) ×50微米 (μm) 之毛細管，施加正向電壓分別為10仟伏特 (kV) 13.5 分鐘及8仟伏特 (kV) 6.5分鐘，樣品注射10 秒，可將安非他命、甲基安非他命、麻黃素、偽麻黃素、亞甲二氧基甲基安非他命與愷他命分離。
本研究所建立最適的分離條件，穩定度及精密度均很好，其相對標準差百分比(RSD) < 10% 。同日間與異日間之電泳遷移時間與積分面積再現性差異 < 1.6%，檢量線範圍為0.5 µg~2 µg 。得到安非他命之迴歸係數 > 0.995甲基安非他命之迴歸係數 > 0.998、麻黃素之迴歸係數 > 0.998、偽麻黃素之迴歸係數 > 0.996、亞甲二氧基甲基安非他命之迴歸係數 > 0.998以及愷他命之迴歸係數 > 0.996。

In study, we tried to find a rapid, sensitive method to qualitative and quantitative of A, MA, EPH, PEPH, MDMA and K these six abuse drugs at the same time by using capillary zone electrophoresis The best result was achieved by used 500 mM Boric acid mix with 20 mM Borax（pH 6.88）then 40 mM Borax buffer（pH 7.23）and applied two steps voltage of 10 kV 13.5 mins and 8 kV 6.5 mins. And UV detection was at 214 nm absorbance.
The analytical precision was characterized by relative standard deviation values （R. S. D）<10% for migration times intra-day and inter-day with peak area are producibility <1.60% linearity in the range 0.5 μg/ml~2 μg/ml was acceptable with amphetamine correltion coefficients >0.995；methamphetamine correlation coefficients >0.998 and ephedrine correlation coefficients >0.998；pseudoephedrine correlation coefficients >0.996；MDMA correlation coefficients >0.998；ketamine coreelation coefficients >0.996. The result of this study is suitable for separation of these compounds.

目 錄
中文摘要……………………………………………………………………i
英文摘要……………………………………………………………………ii
目錄…………………………………………………………………………iii
表目錄………………………………………………………………………vi
圖目錄………………………………………………………………………vii
壹、 前言………………………………………………………………1
貳、 文獻探討…………………………………………………………3
一、 藥物簡介…………………………………………………………3
二、 分析方法…………………………………………………………9
三、 毛細管電泳介紹…………………………………………………11
(一) 毛細管電泳的歷史………………………………………………11
(二) 毛細管電泳系統…………………………………………………12
(三) 分離模式…………………………………………………………13
(四) 電滲流……………………………………………………………13
(五) 偶電層……………………………………………………………14
參、 研究動機與目的…………………………………………………16
肆、 材料與方法………………………………………………………18
一、 儀器設備…………………………………………………………18
二、 分析材料…………………………………………………………18
三、 溶液配置步驟……………………………………………………19
四、 實驗原理…………………………………………………………23
五、 實驗設計…………………………………………………………23
(一) 不同濃度的緩衝液對分離之影響………………………………23
(二) 緩衝液pH值對分離的影響………………………………………25
(三) 不同電壓對分離的影響…………………………………………25
(四) 偵測極限…………………………………………………………25
(五) 檢量線……………………………………………………………26
(六) 穩定度……………………………………………………………26
六、 實際街頭藥物分析………………………………………………27
伍、 結果與討論………………………………………………………28
(一) 一階段分離法……………………………………………………28
(二) 二階段分離法……………………………………………………29
(三) 品保品管測試……………………………………………………31
(四) 真實樣品測試……………………………………………………32
陸、 結論………………………………………………………………33
(一) 硼酸鈉濃度之選擇………………………………………………33
(二) pH之影響…………………………………………………………33
(三) 電壓之影響………………………………………………………33
柒、 參考文獻…………………………………………………………34
表目錄
表1：六種街頭濫用藥物之化學結構式……………………………………45
表2：以二階段毛細管區帶電泳分析6種街頭藥物之平均滯留時間及偵測極限………………………………………………………………………………46
表3：以二階段毛細管區帶電泳分析6種街頭藥物之滯留時間(Migration time)之同日間變異與異日間變異分析……………………………………47
表4：以二階段毛細管區帶電泳分析6種街頭藥物之線性迴歸曲線………48
圖目錄
圖1：以不同pH之緩衝液分析6種街頭藥物之電泳圖……………………49
圖2：單一濃度緩衝液（20 mM硼酸鈉 / 500 mM 硼酸）以不同電壓分析6種街頭藥物分析之電泳圖…………………………………………………50
圖3：單一濃度緩衝液（10 mM硼酸鈉 / 500 mM硼酸）以不同電壓分析6種街頭藥物分析之電泳圖……………………………………………………51
圖4：單一濃度緩衝液以二階段不同電壓分析6種街頭藥物之電泳圖…52
圖5：二階段以不同濃度之緩衝液以不同電壓分析6種街頭藥物之電泳圖……………………………………………………………………………53
圖6：二階段以不同濃度之緩衝液以不同電壓分析6種街頭藥物之電泳圖..........................................................54
圖7：二階段以不同濃度及不同pH之緩衝液分析6種街頭藥物之電泳圖……………………………………………………………………………55
圖8：安非他命及甲基安非他命之檢量線…………………………………56
圖9：麻黃素及偽麻黃素之檢量線…………………………………………57
圖10：亞甲二氧甲基安非他命及愷他之檢量線…………………………58
圖11：以二階段毛細管電泳分析法法檢送驗藥錠樣品之電泳圖………59

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