臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

橢圓運動機在操作時會有與跑步同樣的效果，但卻不會有與地面接觸所產生的衝擊力。再配合上手部的運動，使手腳能同時達到運動的效果。
本研究主要的目的是針對運動器材中的橢圓運動機，以系統化的設計方法設計出符合需求的新型橢圓運動機，以期更符合模擬人行走或跑步時的步伐。
本文首先蒐集及分析現有專利中橢圓運動機之構造與運動特性，歸納出其設計需求及設計限制；再經由系統化的設計程序，根據功能需求，合成並評估出可行的新型橢圓運動機構想；選定新型構想後，配合所訂定的需求運動曲線，以圖集搜尋法及連續法合成出新型橢圓運動機各參數尺寸，完成新型橢圓運動機的運動設計。此新型橢圓運動機的特性有：一、腳踏板位置的耦桿點曲線為近似橢圓形的封閉曲線，其跨距長與高度符合一般人的跨步距離；二、曲柄的位置在使用者前方，使用者可以更自由的伸展運動；三、所有桿件皆為連桿，沒有滾子或滑件所造成的噪音及易磨損問題。

Elliptical motion exerciser makes users exercise just like walking or running, and won’t bear the impact of the reacting force from the ground. The hands can exercise together with a handle part on it.
The main purpose of this study focuses on applying a systematic method to design a new elliptical motion exerciser conforming design requirements to simulate walking or running.
This study first collects and analyzes the structure and kinematic feature of the present elliptical motion exercisers in patents to conclude needs and constraints for design; afterwards, through the systematic design procedure, we can synthesize and evaluate the possible conceptual design for the new type meeting the functional need. According to the selected conceptual design for the new exerciser, the kinematic dimension of the new exerciser is synthesized coordinating the required couple-point-curve by searching atlas and applying homotopy.
There are three features about this new type. First, the coupler-point -curve of the point of the foot plate is a closed curve near elliptic fitting with most of people for simulating kinematic form of feet walking and running. Second, user can spread whole body easily because the position of the crank is in front of the user. Third, all members are link, and there is no noise and attrition problem made by roller or slider.

摘要............................I
英文摘要.......................... II
目錄......................... III
圖目錄...................... V
表目錄.............................IX
第一章緒論..................... 1
1-1 研究動機..................... 1
1-2 文獻回顧..................... 2
1-3 研究方法與目的....................... 14
1-4 論文架構................... 14
第二章橢圓運動機之構想設計................... 16
2-1 橢圓運動機之特性....................... 17
2-2 設計需求與限制................... 18
2-3 運動鏈目錄................... 19
2-4 特殊化運動鏈....................... 19
2-5 現有設計之運動鏈目錄............... 23
2-6 新型特殊化運動鏈....................... 24
2-7 新型機構目錄....................... 26
第三章橢圓運動機之尺度設計................... 32
3-1 訂定需求運動曲線....................... 33
3-2 圖集搜尋法................... 36
3-2-1 四連桿機構之尺度合成............... 37
3-2-2 六連桿機構之尺度合成............... 43
3-3 以連續法合成機構....................... 46
3-3-1 平面四連桿機構之數學模式............... 46
3-3-2 連續法................... 51
3-3-3 四連桿機構之尺度合成............... 52
3-3-4 六連桿機構之尺度合成............... 55
第四章結論........................... 58
參考文獻......................... 60

01.Antuma, H. J., “Triangular Nomograms for Symmetrical Coupler Curves,” Mechanism and Machine Theory, Vol. 13, pp. 251-267, 1978.
02.Chu, Y. S., “Elliptical Motion Exerciser,” U.S. Patent No. 6,206,806, 2001.

03.Dhingra, A. K., Cheng, J.C. and Kohli, D., “Synthesis of Six-Link, Slider-Crank and Four-Link Mechanisms for Function, Path and Motion Generation Using Homotopy with M-Homogenization,” ASME Transactions, Journal of Mechanical Design, Vol. 116, pp. 1122-1131, 1994.
04.Eschenbach, P. W., “Elliptical Exercise Machine with Arm Exercise,” U.S. Patent No. 5,788,610, 1998a.
05.Eschenbach, P. W., “Recumbent Elliptical Exercise Machine,” U.S. Patent No. 5,836,855, 1998b.
06.Eschenbach, P. W., “Orbital Exercise Apparatus with Arm Exercise,” U.S. Patent No. 5,957,814, 1999.
07.Eschenbach, P. W., “Compact Cross Trainer Exercise Apparatus,” U.S. Patent No. 6,024,676, 2000.
08.Garcia, C. B. and Zangwill, W. I., “Determining All Solutions to Certain Systems of Nonlinear Equations,” Math. Oper. Research, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 1-14, 1979.
09.Garcia, C. B. and Li, T. Y., “On the Number of Solutions to Polynomial Systems of Equations,” SIAM Journal of Numerical Analysis, Vol. 17, No. 4, pp. 540-546, 1980.
10.Hrones, J. A. and Nelson, G. L., Analysis of the Four-Bar Linkage, M.I.T.-Wiley, New York, 1951.
11.Jensen, P. W., “Synthesis of Four-Bar Linkages with a Coupler Point Passing Through 12 Points,” Mechanism and Machine Theory, Vol. 19, No.1, pp. 149-156, 1984.
12.Janine, W. T., Pasero, P. and Barker, P. D., “Stationary Exercise Device,” U.S. Patent No. 5,685,804, 1997.
13.Kent, M., “Exercise Apparatus with Elongated Stride,” European Patent No. 1151761, 2001.
14.Liu, A. X. and Yang, T. L., “Finding All Solutions to Unconstrained Nonlinear Optimization for Approximate Synthesis of Planar Linkages Using Continuation Method,” ASME Transactions, Journal of Mechanical Design, Vol. 121, pp. 368-374, 1999.
15.Lo, P. K. C., “Exerciser Having Foot Pedals Moving Along an Elliptical Path,” U.S. Patent No. 2001/0044363, 2001.
16.Morgan, A. P., “A Method for Computing All Solutions to Systems of Polynomial Equations,” ACM Trans. on Mathematical Software, Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 1-17, 1983.
17.Morgan, A. P. and Wampler, C. W. II, “Solving a Planar Four-Bar Design Problem Using Continuation,” ASME Transactions, Journal of Mechanical Design, Vol. 112, pp. 544-550, 1990.
18.Pyles, N., Lo, K. C., Yang, C. H. and Chen, K. S., “Foldable Elliptical Exercise Machine,” U.S. Patent No. 6,149,551, 2000.
19.Roth, B. and Freudenstein, F., “Synthesis of Path-Generating Mechanisms by Numerical Methods,” ASME Transactions, Journal of Engineering for Industry, Vol. 85, Ser. B, No. 3, pp. 298-306, 1963.
20.Rodgers, R. E., “Crank Assembly for an Exercising Device,” U.S. Patent No. 5,529,555, 1996a.
21.Rodgers, R. E., “Stationary Exercise Apparatus,” U.S. Patent No. 5,573,480, 1996b.
22.Rodgers, R. E., “Stationary Exercise Apparatus Having a Preferred Foot Platform Path,” U.S. Patent No. 5,593,372, 1997a.
23.Rodgers, R. E., “Stationary Exercise Apparatus,” U.S. Patent No. 5,683,333, 1997b.
24.Rodgers, R. E., “Stationary Exercise Apparatus Having a Preferred Foot Platform Orientation,” U.S. Patent No. 5,813,949, 1998.
25.Tsai, L. W. and Morgan, A. P., “Solving the Kinematics of the Most General Six- and Five-Degree-of-Freedom Manipulators by Continuation Methods,” ASME Transactions, Journal of Mechanisms, Transmissions, and Automation in Design, Vol. 107, pp. 189-200, 1985.
26.Tsai, L. W. and Lu, J. J., “Coupler-Point-Curve Synthesis Using Homotopy Methods,” ASME Transactions, Journal of Mechanical Design, Vol. 112, pp. 384-389, 1990.
27.Unruh, V. and Krishnaswami, P., “A Computer-Aided Design Technique for Semi-Automated Infinite Point Coupler Curve Synthesis of Four-Bar Linkages,” ASME Transactions, Journal of Mechanical Design, Vol. 117, pp. 143-149, 1995.
28.Wampler, C. W., Morgan, A. P. and Sommese, A. J., “Numerical Continuation Methods for Solving Polynomial Systems Arising in Kinematics,” ASME Transactions, Journal of Mechanical Design, Vol. 112, pp. 59-68, 1990.
29.Wampler, C. W., Morgan, A. P. and Sommese A. J., “Complete Solution of the Nine-Point Path Synthesis Problem for Four-Bar Linkages,” ASME Transactions, Journal of Mechanical Design, Vol. 114, pp. 153-159, 1992.
30.Yan, H. S., Creative Design of Mechanical Devices, Springer-Verlag, Singapore, 1998.
31.Zhang, J. and Chen, Y., “Improved Homotopy Iteration Method and Applied to the Nine-Point Path Synthesis Problem for Four-Bar Linkages,” Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 13, pp. 10-16, 2000.
32.余惠南，立式橢圓軌跡踏步機，中華民國專利第324228號，1998。
33.張蔭平，連續法在平面機構尺度合成上的應用，國立中山大學機械工程研究所，碩士論文，1992。
34.黃振聲，應用RBF類神經網路於四連桿組耦點曲線合成之研究，國立中正大學機械工程研究所，碩士論文，1999。
35.黃炫欽，平面四桿機構運動設計軟體之發展，國立成功大學機械工程學系，碩士論文，2003。
36.廖天志，選取平面四連桿組耦桿曲線的電腦軟體之發展，國立成功大學機械工程研究所，碩士論文，1989。