臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究對象以YAMAHA ME200F三缸直噴式柴油引擎為實驗載具，主要是藉由量測引擎污染排放數據、汽缸壓力、熱釋放率，加以探討柴油混合添加劑及進氣歧管輔助汽油噴射，其燃料總熱值相等於Baseline之熱值對柴油引擎性能之影響。本實驗使用6種柴油添加劑(MTBE、DMC、Monoglyme、Diglyme、EHN、DTBP)與柴油混合，在輔助燃料噴射方面採用中國石油公司所生產之92無鉛汽油，比較柴油混添加劑與汽油輔助噴射時在引擎性能及污染排放上，找出影響最大之柴油添加劑。本實驗可以歸類為三個部份：

第一個部份為(雙燃料混燒)預混稀薄燃燒汽油噴射之情況，實驗結果顯示出：排氣污染部分：NOx的排放有顯著的下降，最多可減量70%；HC及CO的排放則是增加的。引擎性能部分：扭力及馬力輸出是減少的，而E-BSFC則是增加的。

第二部份為柴油混燒不同添加劑之情況下，實驗結果顯示出；排氣污染部分：NOx的排放最高下降30%、HC的排放最多下降18%、CO排放最多上升42%。引擎性能部分：扭力及馬力的輸出均有2%~6%增加，而在E-BSFC方面則有6%減少，對於柴油引擎來說，有正面的影響。

第三個部份為柴油混燒不同添加劑搭配輔助汽油噴射之情況下，實驗結果顯示出；排氣污染部分：NOx排放的減量果最高可達48%，HC及CO的排放則是有上升的情況。引擎性能部分：馬力及扭力有下降的情況，而在E-BSFC方面則有增加的情況。

本實驗採用的輔助汽油噴射可以有效的降低NOx排放，而柴油添加劑對引擎性能及廢氣都有正面的影響，代表它們對柴油引擎是良好的添加劑。

This research is performed on a YAMAHA ME200F three cylinder direct injection diesel engine. The total fuel heating value injected into the engine under the assistant gasoline injection into the intake manifold is maintained the same as the baseline case. This is the same for the cases which the diesel fuel is mixed with fuel additives. Under such energy balance situation, the engine out emissions, the cylinder pressure, and the heat release rate are studied to understand the effects of either duel fuel injection or fuel additive application on the engine performance. The six fuel additives investigated in this research include MTBE, DMC, Monoglyme, Diglyme, EHN, and DTBP. The assistant duel fuel injection has the CPC 92 unleaded fuel. The most effective duel on the improvement of engine performance is then concluded in this study. Three part of the experimental works are category as follws:

The first part investigates the duel fuel (gasoline injection) premixed lean mixture effects on the engine performance. The results show the NOx is substantially reduced (up to 70% at some testing point). The HC and CO emissions are somehow increased. The engine output is suffered in this study; however, the effective BSFC (E-BSFC) is increased.

The second part has the six fuel additives tested. Results show that the NOx emission can be reduced by 30% and HC emission by 18%. Howeve, the CO emission is up by 42%. The engine output is slightly increased by 2~6 % and the E-BSFC is reduced by 6%. These kinds of results are considered as favorite in engine operation.
The third part combined both the first and second parts shown before. Results show that the NOx emission can be reduced by 48% even though the HC and CO emissions are increased.(especially for the CO emission). The engine output is slightlu reduced and the E-BSFC is slightly increased.

This study has shown the positive effects on the NOx emission through the usage of duel fuel injection. The fuel additives in general have good results on the exhaust emissions and engine output )or E-BSFC).

中文摘要 i
英文摘要 ii
誌謝 iv
目錄 v
表目錄 vii
圖目錄 viii
符號說明 xi

第一章 緒論--------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
1-1 前言--------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
1-2 引擎廢氣排放對環境及人體之影響------------------------------ 3

第二章 研究動機及研究背景------------------------------------------------ 5
2-1 研究動機--------------------------------------------------------------- 5
2-2 研究目標--------------------------------------------------------------- 5
2-3 預混燃燒對柴油引擎燃燒均質化、污染排放及性能之文獻
回顧--------------------------------------------------------------------- 6
2-4 柴油引擎之添加劑對燃燒與污染排放之文獻回顧------------ 8

第三章 實驗設備、量測方法------------------------------------------------- 12
3-1 實驗設備與量測儀器------------------------------------------------ 12
3-1-1 引擎本體及實驗控制元件設備--------------------------- 13
3-1-2 實驗量測儀器------------------------------------------------ 14
3-1-3 實驗儀器操作------------------------------------------------ 18
3-1-4 各種轉速下柴油Φd值之量測及汽油Φg 值之量測
與計算-------------------------------------------------------- 19
3-2 進氣歧管輔助汽油噴射系統及柴油引擎之電子監控系統--- 25
3-2-1進氣歧管輔助汽油噴射系統-------------------------------- 25
3-2-2 LabView電子監控及噴油控制程式------------------------- 31
3-3 各種添加劑理論混合比之計算、其性質、等熱值計算之介
紹------------------------------------------------------------------------ 33
3-4 量測引擎廢氣分析儀操作步驟------------------------------------ 41
3-5 量測引擎燃燒室內之壓力步驟------------------------------------ 43
3-6 等熱值實驗量測步驟------------------------------------------------ 45

第四章 結果與討論------------------------------------------------------------ 46
4-1 不同汽油當量比下對柴油引擎性能及廢氣排放之影響------ 47
4-2 不同柴油添加劑對柴油引擎性能及廢氣排放之影響--------- 56
4-2-1 混燒不同添加劑下對柴油引擎性能及廢氣排放之影
響--------------------------------------------------------------
56
4-2-2 柴油引擎運轉特性综合探討------------------------------ 68
4-3 不同汽油當量比下混燒不同添加劑對柴油引擎性能及廢氣排放之综合比較
72

第五章 結論與未來展望------------------------------------------------------ 80
5-1 結論--------------------------------------------------------------------- 80
5-2 未來展望--------------------------------------------------------------- 81

參考文獻 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 82
自傳 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 85

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