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研究生:李家慶
研究生(外文):Chia-Ching Lee
論文名稱:營造生產科技本質與組織探討
論文名稱(外文):Exploring Construction Technology Nature and Organization.
指導教授:張行道張行道引用關係
指導教授(外文):Shing-Tao Chang
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立成功大學
系所名稱:土木工程學系碩博士班
學門:工程學門
學類:土木工程學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2003
畢業學年度:91
語文別:中文
論文頁數:86
中文關鍵詞:技術變革連續流程產品自動化大量生產營造組織生產科技
外文關鍵詞:automationtechnical change.producttechnologyconstruction organizationcontinuous processmass production
相關次數:
  • 被引用被引用:10
  • 點閱點閱:430
  • 評分評分:
  • 下載下載:45
  • 收藏至我的研究室書目清單書目收藏:1
營建管理的研究多著重於問題表象的推理,固有許多實質議題的原因結果分析,但對營造生產科技(生產系統)的本質卻幾乎未有探討。
過去政府持續推動營建自動化的工作,期望透過改變營造的生產科技,提升生產效率,近年來更在營建自動化的工作外,加入營建電子化的課題。然而綜觀營建自動化推行的腳步,相較於製造業自動化生產的成就來看,發展實是遲緩,應是受限於營造生產科技的本質。因此,在後續推動營建自動化與電子化方案前,實應先檢視並根本地了解營造生產科技的本質。
關於生產科技,製造業曾有過深入且具規模的研究,借鏡其經驗,可作為探索營造生產科技本質的基礎。企業要有效且成功地營運,其生產系統與組織需相互配合。透過深入地專家訪談,本研究有系統地由組織的結構、程序與行為面向,分析營造組織的現況。藉由檢視營造工作與組織的現況,是否符合其生產科技需求,根本地找出營造產業的問題。更進一步檢視營造以往與未來科技變革的方向,提出營造產業提升的做法。
本研究發現,就產業變革而言,營建自動化較困難,電子化則有發展空間。雖然營造單元生產的技術效率較低,但卻保有高度彈性、 零存貨負擔、 滿足人性社會需求等優點。新的生產科技出現 , 不代表舊的生產系統就將被取代。雖然營造產品整體無法標準化,但仍可標準化零件,思考組裝整合方法,提高生產技術效率。維持營造現有生產系統的優點,並追求管理效率的提升,應是營造業努力的方向。
Construction management studies address mostly the phenomena of construction problems. Although many analyze the cause-effect relationships of real issues, few studies explore the nature of construction technology (production system).
The government has promoted the construction automation programs to advance production efficiency for past years. Moreover, the issue of electronic business also has been included recently. The progress of automated construction systems is slow comparing with it in the manufacturing industry. It may be limited by the nature of construction technology. Thus, we should examine and understand the construction technology fundamentally before pushing successive construction automation and e-construction programs.
There had been longitudinal and latitudinal research on technology in the manufacturing industry, which could be served as the basis of exploring the nature of construction technology. For an enterprise to operate efficiently and successfully, its production system and organization should be compatible with each other. By in-depth interviews with experts, this study implements a systematical analysis about the present conditions of construction organizations from the aspects of organizational structure, process, and behavior. With the analysis, we can examine whether the work and conditions of construction organization is compatible with the needs of its technology, and find out the fundamental problems of construction improvement. Furthermore, this study also processes a complete review for the past and future direction of changing technology, and proposes practice suggestions to advance the construction industry.
The findings of this thesis show that automation is difficult for the construction industry, but there is room to apply e-construction. Although the efficiency of construction technology as unit production is low, it has many advantages such as high flexibility, zero stocks, and satisfactory human social needs. With the appearance of new production systems such as mass production and continuous production, it doesn''t mean that the old unit production will be replaced. Even though the final construction products couldn’t be standardized entirely, we can standardize their components, and fundamentally rethink their assembling and integrating methods to increase production efficiency. Construction industry should reserve the advantages of its present production system, and pursue the advancement of managerial efficiency.
摘要.....................................i
Abstract................................ii
誌謝....................................iv
目錄.....................................v
表目錄................................viii
圖目錄..................................ix
第一章 緒論.............................1
1.1 研究動機...........................1
1.2 研究目的與範圍.....................2
1.3 研究方法與流程.....................2
第二章 生產科技探討.....................5
2.1 生產科技的定義.....................5
2.2 生產科技的重要性...................6
2.3 生產科技的分類.....................8
2.3.1 製造生產科技的分類...............9
2.3.2 自動化及電腦整合製造(CIM).....13
2.3.3 部門生產科技....................16
第三章 營造生產科技....................18
3.1 營造組織生產科技..................19
3.2 營造部門生產科技..................21
第四章 營造組織結構分析................23
4.1 正式化............................23
4.2 權威階層..........................25
4.3 中央集權..........................27
4.4 專業化............................29
4.4.1 管理者..........................29
4.4.2 執行者(工人)...................31
4.5 人員比例..........................34
4.6 正式程度..........................36
4.7 本章小結..........................37
第五章 營造組織程序及行為分析..........40
5.1 組織工作程序......................40
5.1.1 生產循環.......................40
5.1.2 行銷、開發、生產功能...........42
5.1.3 關鍵任務功能...................45
5.2 協調溝通..........................47
5.3 規劃控制..........................49
5.3.1 規劃(控制)機能...............51
5.3.2 控制系統.......................54
5.4 社會功能..........................57
5.5 地位權力..........................60
5.6 組織衝突..........................61
5.7 本章小結..........................64
第六章 營造業之變革....................67
6.1 科技變革的動力來源................67
6.2 生產科技變革之影響................68
6.2.1 從單元到大量生產...............69
6.2.2 轉向自動化(連續).............72
6.2.3 混合生產科技...................72
6.3 營造生產科技的變革................73
6.3.1 營建自動化.....................74
6.3.2 營建電子化.....................77
6.4 營造當前生產策略..................78
6.4.1 工程師管理技能提升.............80
6.4.2 鼓勵績優廠商...................81
6.4.3 鼓勵思考整合方法...............82
6.4.4 善用發包機制...................82
第七章 結論與建議......................84
7.1 結論..............................84
7.2 建議..............................85
參考文獻................................87
英文部分................................87
中文部分................................89
【附錄一】 研究訪談紀錄彙整.............91
【附錄二】 技術變革個案訪談............114
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