臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

日常生活中因人體受傷而使用敷料，目前市面所販售之敷料種類繁多，為滿足人們的需求，多弁鉏躓⑥]應而生，但其製品仍有部分弁鄔呇釩搛伀j，例如敷料黏結傷口、透氣性差、基材無法吸收組織液等，相對的，真正好的敷料必須具備良好之透氣性、吸濕性、移除容易及幫助傷口癒合等特性，才能有效達到傷口癒合的成效。
本研究規劃區分成三大部分，第一部分敷料基布，利用PLA 纖維與Tencel®纖維製備機能性非織物基布，變化纖維混比以調整其強度、透氣性、柔軟性及水氣透過率，得到最佳敷料基布製備條件。第二部分(a)海藻酸鈉敷料接觸層之製備，(b)中藥紫草萃取以及(c)海藻酸鈉/果膠微膠囊製備，評估敷料接觸層：膨潤性、保濕性、降解性，評估中藥紫草：萃取率、抑菌性、細胞毒性等測試以及評估紫草微膠囊：海藻酸鈉/果膠混比、藥物釋放、細胞存活率等，評估其最佳製備條件。第三部分複合敷料製備，將紫草微膠囊/海藻酸鈉與PLA/Tencel®非織物基布利用塗覆結合，製成之複合敷料進行機械性質評估與動物試驗。
實驗結果顯示，最佳非織物基布參數為PLA /Tencel®50 wt%：50 wt%。敷料接觸層海藻酸鈉(1 wt%)，最佳交聯濃度為氯化鈣0.066 wt%。紫草萃取物最佳濃度為1 mg/ml，紫草微膠囊最佳混比為海藻酸鈉/果膠1：1，在細胞存活率有最高值99 %。動物實驗結果顯示，使用紫草微膠囊/海藻酸鈉塗覆PLA/Tencel®複合敷料、紫草微膠囊，手術後第11天之傷口創面幾乎完全癒合。市售敷料在手術後第15天，傷口癒合僅達到91.5 %。結果顯示紫草微膠囊/海藻酸塗覆PLA/Tencel®複合敷料確實具促進傷口癒合效果。

Dressings were used our daily life when the body is injured. Nowadays, there are many different kinds of dressings occur in the market. Multi-functional dressings have emerged for satisfying the requirements for human. However, dressings still have a part of functionality that remains to improve, such as adherence with wounds, bad air permeability, poor absorbability to tissue fluid. Hence, excellent dressings should have properties of good air permeability, hygroscopicity, easy removal and accelerating wound healing for effect of wound healing.
This study divides into three parts. The first is preparation of functional dressing fabric that is composed of PLA and Tencel® fibers. In this part, the optimal processing parameters of fabric are found by adjusting to the blending ratios of fibers and evaluating the strength, air permeability, softness, and water vapor permeation. The second is (a) the preparation of Sodium Alginate dressing as wound contact layer, (b) the extraction of Lithospermum erythrorhizon and (c) the preparation of Sodium Alginate/ Pectin microcapsules. The contact layer is evaluated by swelling ratio, moisture retention and vitro degradation. The shikonin extraction is characterized by extraction rate, antimicrobial activity and cell biocompatibility, and microcapsules are assessed in terms of hydrophilia, drug release, and MTT assay. The third is the preparation of composite dressings that are made by PLA/Tencel® nonwoven fabric, shikonin microcapsule and Sodium Alginate based on 3D lattice-point coating. Afterwards, the composite dressings are evaluated by mechanical performance and animal experiment.
The experimental results show that, the optimum blending ratio of PLA and Tencel® fibers is 50 wt%: 50 wt%. The optimum wound contact layer contains 1wt% sodium alginate, and 0.066 wt% Calcium chloride cross-linking agent. The cell survival rate rises up to 99 % when microcapsules comprise 1mg/ml of shikonin solution, and 1:1 sodium Alginate and Pectin. Animal experiment results reveals that, PLA/Tencel® composite dressings after being coated with sodium alginate and then shikonin microcapsules, the wound almost cures completely by 11 days after operation; comparatively, the wound only heals 91.5 % after 15 days postoperation when using market dressings. This indicates that, shikonin microcapsules/sodium alginate coated PLA/Tencel® composite dressings accelerate the effect of wound healing.

目錄
中文摘要 I
Abstract II
第一章 緒論 1
1.1皮膚 3
1.1.1皮膚的構造 3
1.1.2 皮膚 6
1.1.3 傷口的形成 8
1.1.4 創傷癒合 8
1.2 創傷敷料 11
1.2.1敷料的發展 11
1.3 海藻酸鈉 14
1.3.1 海藻酸鈉交聯特性 14
1.4 果膠(Pectin) 16
1.4.1果膠來源 16
1.4.2果膠之特性 16
1.4.3果膠之應用 17
1.5 紫草 20
1.6藥物微膠囊 23
1.6.1藥物控制釋放 23
1.6.2降低藥物毒性 24
1.6.3對藥物的保護作用 24
1.6.4微膠囊化藥物可與其他組分隔離 24
1.7 聚乳酸纖維 25
1.7.1聚乳酸之應用 25
1.8 Lyocell (商品名 Tencel ®) 纖維 28
1.9 文獻回顧 31
1.9.1國內外與本論文相關之研究現況 31
1.9.2國內外相關本論文之研究專利 37
1.10 研究動機 41
1.11 研究目的 43
第二章 研究原理 44
2.1 梳棉原理 44
2.1.1梳理作用 44
2.1.2剝取作用 44
2.2 疊棉原理 46
2.3 針軋原理 47
2.4 冷凍乾燥原理 49
2.7 專業名詞定義 52
第三章 實驗 54
3.1第一部分非織物敷料基布之實驗流程 54
3.1.1第一部分非織物實驗流程說明 55
3.2.1第二部分(a)敷料接觸層之實驗流程 56
3.2.1.1第二部分(a)敷料接觸層實驗流程說明 57
3.2.2第二部分(b) 中藥紫草之實驗流程 58
3.2.2.1第二部分(b)紫草中草藥實驗流程說明 59
3.2.3第二部分(c)微膠囊之實驗流程 61
3.2.3.1第二部分(c)海藻酸鈉/果膠微膠囊實驗流程說明 62
3.3第三部分複合敷料之實驗流程 64
3.3.1第三部分複合敷料實驗流程說明 65
3.4 實驗材料 68
3.5 實驗參數設計 69
3.6實驗設備及儀器 70
3.7非織物測試項目及標準 72
3.7.1最大拉伸斷裂強力試驗 72
3.7.2撕裂強度測試 73
3.7.3 透氣度試驗 74
3.7.4柔軟性(挺性)測試 74
3.7.5吸水性試驗 75
3.7.6 水蒸氣透過實驗 76
3.8薄膜測試項目與方法 77
3.8.1 薄膜保濕性測試 77
3.8.2 薄膜降解性測試 77
3.8.3 薄膜膨潤性測試 77
3.8.4 多孔海綿表面型態觀察 78
3.9中藥紫草萃相關測試 78
3.9.1中藥紫草萃取率 78
3.9.2紫草萃取物之UV紫外光分光光度計 78
3.10金黃色葡萄球菌抑菌試驗 79
3.10.1定性試驗 79
3.11 體外測試-細胞培養 80
3.11.1 細胞培養 80
3.11.2 細胞計數 81
3.11.3 材料與細胞共培養 82
3.11.4細胞存活率測試(MTT Assay) 83
3.12體內測試-動物實驗 84
3.12.1動物實驗步驟與傷口觀察 84
3.12.2傷口減少面積 85
第四章 結果與討論 86
4.1 非織物基布測試 86
4.1.1 PLA/ Tencel®混棉比例對非織物基布水氣通透率之影響 86
4.1.2 PLA/ Tencel®非織物基布塗覆敷料接觸層前後之水氣透過率 86
4.1.3 PLA/ Tencel®混棉比例對非織物基布吸水性之影響 90
4.1.4 PLA/ Tencel®混棉比例對非織物敷料基布透氣度之影響 93
4.1.5 PLA/ Tencel®混棉比例對非織物敷料基布懸垂度之影響 95
4.1.6 PLA/ Tencel®混棉比例對非織物敷料基布最大拉伸強力之影響 97
4.1.7 PLA/ Tencel®混棉比例對非織物敷料基布最大撕裂強力之影響 99
4.2 敷料接觸層 101
4.2.1海藻酸鈉與不同濃度氯化鈣交聯對膨潤性之影響 101
4.2.2海藻酸鈉與不同濃度氯化鈣交聯對降解性之影響 103
4.2.3 海藻酸鈉與不同濃度氯化鈣交聯對保濕性之影響 105
4.2.4 海藻酸鈉與不同濃度氯化鈣交聯之細胞相容性測試與掃描電子顯微鏡觀察 107
4.3 中藥紫草相關測試 122
4.3.1 中藥紫草萃取率評估 122
4.3.2 紫草萃取液對金黃色葡萄球菌之抑菌性測試 127
4.3.3不同濃度紫草萃取物對細胞相容性之影響 131
4.3.4不同濃度紫草萃取物對細胞存活率之影響 140
4.4 果膠/海藻酸鈉海微膠囊 142
4.4.1低甲氧基果膠/海藻酸鈉複合薄膜於不同混合比例與氯化鈣交聯對水接觸角之影響 142
4.4.2低甲氧基果膠/海藻酸鈉複合薄膜於不同混合比例與氯化鈣交聯對膨潤率之影響 144
4.4.3低甲氧基果膠/海藻酸鈉複合薄膜於不同混合比例與氯化鈣交聯對水中穩定性之影響 146
4.4.4低甲氧基果膠/海藻酸鈉複合薄膜於不同混合比例與氯化鈣交聯對保濕性之影響 148
4.4.5低甲氧基果膠/海藻酸鈉之微膠囊掃描電子顯微鏡 151
4.4.6紫草萃取物之檢量線 154
4.4.7低甲氧基果膠/海藻酸鈉不同比例紫草微膠囊之藥物釋放 155
4.4.8 各種紫草微膠囊之細胞存活率測試 158
4.5動物實驗 160
4.5.1各種複合敷料對傷口癒合各天數下之影響 160
4.5.2各天數下不同複合敷料對傷口減少面積之影響 168
第五章、結論 172
第六章、建議 175
參考文獻 177

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