臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本實驗探討飼料中含有機態銅 (copper-peptide) 及無機態銅 (CuSO4) 與維生素C (L-ascorbyl-2-monophosphate-Na, C2MP-Na) 間交互作用對石斑魚成長及免疫反應之影響。實驗採2×2×3 複因子實驗，以本實驗室先前建立石斑魚銅之需求量，2 mg Cu/kg diet (來源為有機態銅，Cu-peptide)、4 mg Cu/kg diet (來源為無機態銅，CuSO4) 以及維生素C需求量，8.3 mg AA/kg diet (來源為C2MP-Na) 為依據。於含適量與2倍適量有機態銅或無機態銅之基礎飼料中分別添加適量、2倍適量及4倍適量之C2MP-Na，總共12組，分別餵食石斑魚稚魚(平均初重5.63±0.10g)八週，八週後石斑魚以Vibrio alginolyticus 進行感染試驗。結果顯示：飼料中添加適量維生素C時，無論銅添加量為何，餵食有機態銅組石斑魚之增重率高於(P<0.05)無機態銅組。無論飼料中所含銅之型態及維生素C含量為何，餵食含2倍適量銅組之石斑魚魚體銅濃度高於餵食含適量銅組。無論飼料中所含銅之化學型態以及其含量為何，餵食含適量維生素C組之魚體銅濃度高於餵食含2倍與4倍適量維生素C組。無論飼料中所含銅之型態及其含量為何，餵食含2倍與4倍適量維生素C組之石斑魚超氧陰離子產率高於餵食適量維生素C組。本實驗結果顯示無論銅含量為何，飼料中含適量維生素C時有機態銅對石斑魚之成長優於無機態銅。無論銅來源為有機態或無機態，提高飼料中維生素C添加量可降低石斑魚魚體銅之蓄積，並提高魚體之超氧陰離子產率。

This investigation elucidates the interaction of dietary vitamin C (L-ascorbyl-2-monophosphate-Na, C2MP-Na) with inorganic copper (Cu, CuSO4) and organic Cu (Cu-peptide) on the growth and immune responses of grouper, Epinephelus malabaricus. The amount vitamin C and Cu added to the basal diet in representing the adequate dietary level for grouper were derived from previous results. Basal diet containing either adequate or 2X adequate organic and inorganic Cu were each supplemented with adequate, 2X and 4X adequate level of C2MP-Na. There were total of 12 experimental diets, each was fed to triplicate groups of fish (initial body weight: 5.63±0.10g) for 8 weeks. After that, fish were challenged with Vibrio alginolyticus. Diet with adequate vitamin C level regardless of the Cu supplementation level, fish fed diets with organic Cu had higher (P&lt;0.05) weight gain than fish fed diets with inorganic Cu. Regardless of Cu source and vitamin C supplementation level, fish fed diet supplemented with 2X adequate Cu had higher whole body Cu concentration than fish fed diet supplemented with adequade Cu. Regardless of Cu source and Cu supplementation level, fish fed diet supplemented with adequate vitamin C had higher whole body Cu concentration than fish fed diet supplemented with 2X and 4X adequade Cu. Regardless of Cu source and Cu supplementation level, fish fed diet supplemented with 2X and 4X adequate vitamin C had higher macrophage superoxide anion production ratio than fish fed diet supplementated with adequate vitamin C. These results suggest that diet with adequate vitamin C level, fish fed diets with organic Cu had higher growth than fish fed diets with inorganic Cu. Regardless of the source and supplementation level of Cu, increase dietary vitamin C supplementation level reduce Cu accumulation and enhance the superoxide anion production ratio in fish.

目錄
中文摘要．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．I
英文摘要．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．III
文獻整理．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．1
前言．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．22
材料方法．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．24
結果．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．45
討論．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．59
結論．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．70
參考文獻．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．71
表目錄
表一、魚類對銅之需求量．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．10
表二、魚類對維生素C需求量與來源 ．．．．．．．．．．．．15
表三、魚類銅與維生素C之交互關係 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．21
表四、實驗基礎飼料組成 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．25
表五、實驗飼料之一般成份 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．27
表六、實驗飼料中銅與維生素C之分值 ．．．．．．．．．．．．28
表七、石斑魚稚魚餵食不同型態、含量之銅及維生素C飼料八週後之增重百分率、飼料效率及存活率 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．49
表八、石斑魚稚魚餵食不同型態、含量之銅及維生素C飼料八週後之蛋白質效率與肝體比 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．50
表九、石斑魚稚魚餵食不同型態、含量之銅及維生素C飼料八週後之體組
成． ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．51
表十、石斑魚稚魚餵食不同型態、含量之銅及維生素C飼料八週後紅血球計數、血比容與血紅素濃度 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．52
表十一、石斑魚稚魚餵食不同型態、含量之銅及維生素C飼料八週後之平均紅血球體積、平均紅血球血紅素含量及平均紅血球血紅素濃度 ．．53
表十二、石斑魚稚魚餵食不同型態、含量之銅及維生素C飼料八週後之魚體與肝臟中銅濃度 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．54
表十三、石斑魚稚魚餵食不同型態、含量之銅及維生素C飼料八週後之魚體、肝臟及體腎之維生素C度．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．55
表十四、石斑魚稚魚餵食不同型態、含量之銅及維生素C飼料八週後之肝臟TBARS值 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．56
表十五、石斑魚稚魚餵食不同型態、含量之銅及維生素C飼料八週後之肝臟超氧歧化酶活性、銅鋅超氧歧化酶活性及錳超氧歧化酶活性．．．．57
表十六、石斑魚稚魚餵食不同型態、含量之銅及維生素C飼料八週後之藍胞漿素活性、超氧陰離子產率、溶菌酶活性及感染Vibrioalginolyticus之累積死亡率 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．58


圖目錄
圖一、成人體內銅之消化與代謝．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．6
圖二、生物體內礦物質之消化、吸收及排泄．．．．．．．．．．．7

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