臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

彈性製造單元(Flexible Manufacturing Cell; FMC)常會面臨訂單開
立(order release)、資源配置(resource allocation)、資源衝突(
conflict)和死鎖(deadlock)的情形，如何充分掌握現場限制和系統動態
行為，事先規劃訂單組合、資源配置以及事先的偵測與排除死鎖情形，以
獲得一符合控制邏輯之詳細排程，將直接影響FMC的生產績效，因此本研
究欲針對彈性製造單元(FMC)之排程系統提出一發展與實作的方法，以解
決上述問題。本方法將FMS現場排程問題分為兩階段：(一)訂單開立及資
源配置、(二)詳細排程。其中訂單開立及資源配置主要是依據訂單資料，
現場限制與生產績效衡量指標，利用限制滿足技術（Constraint
Satisfaction Technique; CST），規劃訂單庫中各工件的開立日及開立
時應使用的現場資源，有效的解決FMC中因資源共享而產生的資源分配問
題;而詳細排程則負責將訂單開立及資源配置階段所得之結果，應用以彩
色時間性物件導向斐氏圖（Colored Timed Object-oriented Petri Net;
CTOPN）和啟發式派工法則為基礎的CTOPN排程演算法，事先規劃各作業的
執行順序與時程，其中CTOPN模式不但具備斐氏圖(Petri Net; PN)圖形化
表達方式及控制邏輯數理分析能力。將有效解決FMC中因同步行為、彈性
途程和資源共享而產生的衝突與死鎖情形，致使排程結果能夠符合控制邏
輯，同時也具備物件導向高模組化、重複使用性與易於維護更新等特性，
將有利於系統的發展與維護。目前，此項以CST與CTOPN為核心的方法，廣
為工業界所接受，其中本研究所提之CTOPN詳細排程方法亦以實際的應用
在台灣最具知名的工具機廠---台中精機廠股份有限公司所發展的彈性製
造單元上。

The performance of a flexible manufacturing cell (FMC) is
highly dependent on the effectiveness of its scheduling system.
This paper presents an approach which consists of two parts: (1)
order release and resource allocation, and (2) operations
scheduling. A constraint satisfaction technique (CST) is first
employed to determine the appropriate order release time and
allocated resource (e.g., fixture in each pallet) for each part
in the order pool. Then, a colored timed object-oriented Petri
net (CTOPN), which owns the characteristics of an object-
oriented approach (e.g., the high degree of modularity,
reusability, and maintenanability of the model), is presented to
model the dynamic behavior of a FMC and to obtain the daily
operations schedule for each resource (e.g., machining centers,
washing machine, RGV, and loading/unloading equipments) by
considering the characteristics of concurrent behavior,
alternative routings, resource sharing and conflict in a FMC.
Research of this CTOPN-based FMC scheduling system is sponsored
by the Economic Affairs of Taiwan and has been successfully
implemented in the FMC developed by the local industry in Taiwan
(i.e., VICTOR Taichung Machinery Works Co., Ltd.).