臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

藍芽無線技術主要目的是在於取代纜線，允許相關便宜的電子裝置如電話、筆記型電腦、PDA、耳機和其它可移動性設備等，彼此直接通訊，進而形成個人區域網路或是家庭區域網路。而這些可移動性設備可經由廣域網路、區域網路的擷取點或是第三代行動細胞電話IMT-2000系統連結到網際網路擷取資訊，擴大通訊領域。
藍芽科技工作於2.4 GHz的工業、科學、醫藥頻段，是一種短距離無線鏈路技術，利用劃時多工調變方式，採用跳頻展頻技術，來達到通訊。然而，在一個Piconet中只能有8個主動設備，因此藍芽裝置能扮演relay的角色，將兩個以上Piconets結合成一個Scatternet網路。然而，當Piconets的通訊範圍重疊且其跳頻區段有重疊，在同時跳躍到相同的hop index時，將會產生跳頻碰撞干擾，造成封包的遺失，進而降低網路的運輸量。因此，本論文針對藍芽的跳頻機制做一分析，發現跳頻序列是虛擬隨機，其跳頻區段是有規則性，每32個時槽會更換到下一個跳頻區段。兩個Master的跳頻區段重疊數將影響跳頻碰撞的機率，本論文將模擬並分析Piconets間在不同跳頻區段重疊數，不同封包長度對其跳頻碰撞的次數及實際運輸量之影響。進一步，將依模擬分析結果，提出Master選擇的準則，並根據此準則，提出最小碰撞機率之Master選擇演算法，藉由這Master選擇演算法及現有的Scatternet建構法則，將可提供較佳效能的藍芽網路。

Bluetooth is an open specification for short-range wireless communication and networking, mainly intended to be a cable replacement among electronic devices, such as cellular phones, notebook computers, PDAs, and mobile devices. The key features of Bluetooth that distinguish it from other wireless standards are robustness, low power, low cost and low complexity. The Bluetooth system operates in the unlicensed 2.45 GHz ISM band, applies Frequency Hop Spread Spectrum (FHSS) over 79 carriers 1 MHz spaced and Master driven Time Division Duplex (TDD) in which each piconet has a Master-Slave configuration. The frequency hopping sequence of a piconet is defined by the Bluetooth device address and native clock of the master of this piconet. The number of devices that can participate on a piconet is limited to eight active devices. Relay devices can connect two piconets into a scatternet. While the communication areas of two piconets are overlay and these piconets use the same carrier as their hopping frequency at the same, a Frequency Hopping Collision occurs and reduces the effective throughput of the scatternet. Therefore, the first goal of this thesis is to analyze the hop selection mechanism of Bluetooth system. We discover that the frequency hopping sequence is a pseudo-random sequence; the sequence hops from a hopping segment to another segment that is shifted 16 carriers from the former segment. Each segment has 32 carriers and used for a series of 32 master (slave) slots. Therefore, the segment overlay size of the two piconets would be a fixed value, and the value is a key factor of the hopping collision probability of the two piconets. The second goal of the thesis is to implement a simulation system for the hop selection mechanism of Bluetooth and analyze that the relationships between the hopping collision probability and the segment overlay size in terms of the number of hopping collisions and the normalized effective throughput. According to the analysis results, a guideline for master-selection is presented. Based on the selection guideline, two minimum hopping collision probability master-selection algorithms are proposed. With the algorithms and existing scatternet formation protocols, a superior scatternet can be performed.

中文摘要-----------------------------------------------------I
英文摘要---------- ----------------------------------------II
誌謝--------------------------------------------------------IV
目錄---------------------------------------------------------V
表目錄-----------------------------------------------------VII
圖目錄----------------------------------------------------VIII
壹、 導論------------------------------------------------1
1.1 前言------------------------------------------------1
1.2 Bluetooth技術與跳頻原理-----------------------------1
1.3 研究動機與作法--------------------------------------2
1.4 本篇論文之組織--------------------------------------3
貳、 Bluetooth技術簡介-----------------------------------4
2.1 Physical Link---------------------------------------4
2.2 Bluetooth拓樸---------------------------------------5
2.3 Bluetooth Packets-----------------------------------6
2.4 Bluetooth Addressing--------------------------------9
2.5 Bluetooth Clock------------------------------------10
2.6 Operational States---------------------------------11
2.7 Piconet的建立--------------------------------------13
參、 Bluetooth跳頻原理與碰撞分析 -----------------------15
3.1 Bluetooth跳頻原理----------------------------------15
3.2 Bluetooth跳頻碰撞分析------------------------------19
3.3 跳頻碰撞之overlay size演算法-----------------------22
肆、 Bluetooth跳頻碰撞系統模擬與throughput分析----------25
4.1 Bluetooth跳頻碰撞模擬系統--------------------------25
4.2 Bluetooth跳頻碰撞overlay size的模擬數據演算法------27
4.3 Bluetooth跳頻碰撞throughput演算法------------------28
4.4 Bluetooth跳頻碰撞throughput分析與比較--------------31
4.5 throughput分析之結論-------------------------------36
伍、A Master Selection Algorithm演算法----------------------38
5.1 組合挑選演算法-------------------------------------38
5.2 向前重疊演算法-------------------------------------39
5.3 向前重疊演算法與組合挑選演算法的比較---------------44
陸、結論與未來研究方向--------------------------------------45
參考文獻----------------------------------------------------46
附錄A-------------------------------------------------------48
附錄B-------------------------------------------------------51

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