臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究旨在探討混合燃燒煤及其他燃料後產生之混燒飛灰與水淬高爐石粉混合後之水泥質複合材料特性及再利用之可行性，利用混燒飛灰漿之膠結性質與水淬高爐石粉混合後評估其反應機理，同時探討複合材料用於水泥砂漿及水泥混凝土之性能。本研究試驗分三階段進行：混合水泥漿、混合水泥砂漿和混合水泥混凝土等。混合水泥漿及混合水泥砂漿之試驗變數為混燒飛灰與水淬高爐石粉依不同配比混合，混合水泥混凝土之試驗變數為不同配比混合及不同水膠比。
研究結果顯示：(1)混合水泥漿；Stoker鍋爐之混燒飛灰與水淬高爐石粉混合後無法膠結，可能為CaO含量不足，流體化床混燒飛灰與水淬高爐石粉混合之抗壓強度於14天為控制組之72.9%，但28天後開始下降；(2)混合水泥砂漿；30% 流體化床混燒飛灰與70% 水淬高爐石粉混合配比可得到最佳抗壓強度（約對照組72.4%），混燒飛灰含量超過40%後其抗壓強度於28天後呈現下降趨勢，可能為SO3含量隨混燒飛灰配比量增加導致強度減弱；(3)混合水泥混凝土；30% 混燒飛灰與70% 水淬高爐石粉混合配比於0.45水膠比為最佳混合配比其抗壓強度為28.47MPa、耐磨耗為3.56 x10-5cm、快速氯離子滲透率為288.9庫倫、透水率為4g及吸水率為4.7%。抗壓強度試驗結果亦可驗證此水泥質複合材料之反應機理為水淬高爐石粉加水後之水化反應呈現鹼性，再與含豐富CaO之流體化床混燒飛灰混合後可產生膠凝反應及足夠抗壓強度。

The purpose of this dissertation is to study the feasibility of circulating fluidized bed (CFB) co-firing fly ash (CF) mixing with ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) powder as an eco-binder. Co-firing fly ash is a non-recycled waste by-product derived from boiler co-firing bituminous coal and other fuels or biomasses. The co-firing fly ashes are not addressed in Taiwan standards for re-use in concrete as same as pulverized coal (PC) fly ash, which can be directly utilized in concrete due to the different physical and chemical properties. GGBS is a waste by-product of iron making process, which can be directly re-used in concrete to replace Portland cement. The study examines to re-cycle two wastes mixing together as cementitious materials and then to evaluate the reaction mechanism and characteristics of those composite materials. Three phases of experiments have been conducted as paste, mortar and concrete. The variation of experiments for paste and mortar were the various proportion ratios of co-firing fly ash and GGBS, and for concrete were the various water-binder ratios.
The experimental results shown that (1) paste: two stoker boilers co-firing fly ashes mixed with were unable to coagulate due to shortage of CaO content. Mixture of CF co-firing fly ash and GGBS compressive strength could reach 72.9% of control group at 14 days curing age and started to decline after 28 days curing age : (2) mortar: 30% CF: 70% GGBS was the optimum proportion ratio and its compressive strength at 56 days curing age could reach 72.4% of control group. The compressive strength of specimens F4S6 to F7S3 has the declined trend starting 28 days. The root cause may be higher content of SO3 in mixtures：(3) concrete; specimen F3S7 with 0.45 water-binder was the optimum mixture. Its compressive strength had 28.47MPa, abrasion coefficient had 3.56 x10-5 cm, RCTP has 288.9 coulombs, permeability was 4g and absorption had 4.7% respectively. It was also proven that the mechanism of those composite materials producing strength is due to higher CaO content of co-firing fly ash mixing with GGBS powder to have hydration reaction and then become gelation reaction with generating the strength.

CONTENTS
摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
CONTENTS III
LIST OF FIGURES V
LIST OF TABLES VIII
NOMENCLATURE X
ACKNOWLEDGMENT XI
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Background and research motivation 1
1.2 Purpose of research 3
1.3 Scope of research 4
1.4 Research flow diagrams 5
1.5 Organization of content 6
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 9
2.1 Portland cement manufacturing process 9
2.2 Portland cement composition 10
2.3 Blast-furnace slag 11
2.4 Cogeneration system in paper mill plant 14
2.5 Residues of boiler combustion 15
2.6 Circulating fluidized bed combustion 19
2.7 Co-firing fly ash 20
2.8 Discussion 23
CHAPTER 3: EXPERIMENTAL PROGRAMS 25
3.1 Test plan 25
3.2 Process of sustainable waste material production 27
3.3 Materials, mixtures proportion and test procedures 32
3.4 Compliance of test requirements for paste, mortar and concrete 53
CHAPTER 4: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 54
4.1 Paste (Phase I) 54
4.2 Mortar (Phase II) 64
4.3 Concrete (Final phase) 80
CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS 86
5.1 Conclusions 86
5.2 Suggestions for future research 88
REFERENCE 89

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