臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

化學製漿法中的硫酸鹽製漿法在製程廢水中含有硫化物及硫醇類，此類物質具有惡臭，本研究添加碳酸鈣、硫酸鐵、活化膨潤土後，以電解膠凝系統處理硫酸鹽製漿產生之蒸煮廢液，以了解降低水中硫化物之去除效果。添加碳酸鈣後，再以電解膠凝系統處理水樣，結果顯示在真色色度去除效果相當良好，操作條件86.6 A/m2、10 min，可達到85%，COD去除率以鋁板去除率較鐵板高；操作條件86.6 A/m2、10 min，鋁板與鐵板分別為50%與40%；SS的去除效率，只有60%~80%的去除率；甲醇方面去除率不理想，最佳僅44%；硫化氫去除效果約80%左右，最低鋁板也有53%。添加硫酸鐵後以電解膠凝系統處理之操作條件86.6 A/m2、10 min、鋁板，色度去除最高達到72%；COD去除效率而言，硫酸鐵較碳酸鈣好，效率可達到65%；SS的去除效果約為60%~65%；在甲醇的去除結果是三組中最差的，去除率約30%。硫化氫最佳去除效果可達到96%，是三組中效果最佳者。添加活化膨潤土在真色色度，操作條件86.6 A/m2、10 min、鋁板最高效率達87%與碳酸鈣相差不大。最低值則優於碳酸鈣及酸鐵鐵等組，效果最差皆能有49%。COD的去除效果可達65%，最低值也較碳酸鈣、硫酸鐵來的好；SS的去除效果是三組中最佳者，達89%的去除效果；在甲醇的處理效率，也是三組中最佳，效率高達46%。在硫化氫的去除效果也能達到88%左右的效果。就處理成效，活化膨潤土要優於碳酸鈣、硫酸鐵。

In a kraft pulping process, effluents often entrain sulfides and mercaptans which give malodorous smell to the ambience. Therefore, an electrocoagulation system was used to treat the spent pulping liquor of a kraft pulp mill after adding sequestration chemicals such as calcium carbonate, iron sulfate, activated bentonite. Efficacies of the treatments in reducing sulfurous compounds in water were examined. After adding calcium carbonate and then applying an electrocoagulation treatment, the results showed good true color removal, and at a current density of 86.6 A/m2, hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 10 min, 85% of the colorant was removed. With regard to effluent COD, the aluminum electrodes outperformed cast iron electrodes, with respective removal rates of 50% and 40% at a current density of 86.6 A/m2 and HRT of 10 min. Removal of methanol was less than ideal, with a 44% removal rate under the optimal conditions. Removal of hydrogen sulfide reached ca. 80%, even the least performing aluminum electrode recorded a removal rate of 53%. Adding iron sulfate prior to electrocoagulation at 88.6 A/m2 and 10 min HRT produced result of maximal 72% true color removal. The COD removal rates were better, with 65% removal rate. Mediocre SS removal rate of 60~65% was obtained in this additive group. The methanol removal rate was the poorest, 30% at the best trial; removal of hydrogen sulfide, however attained 96% maximum, the best of 3 additives. The trials involving addition of activated bentonite prior to electrocoagulation at 86.6A/m2 and 10 min HRT produced a optimal true color removal rate of 87% with the aluminum electrodes which was not much different from the calcium carbonate group. The minimum removal rates 0f 49% for the group, however, was superior to the other 2 additives. COD removal reached 65% maximum for this group. Removal of SS was the best among the 3 groups, reaching 89% maximum. The same was observed for methanol removal rate of 46%. And hydrogen sulfide removal rate of 88% was deemed adequate. Overall, adding activated bentonite in conjunction with the electrocoagulation treatment produced superior results to those of the calcium carbonate and iron sulfite groups.

第一章 前言 1
1.1研究緣起 1
1.2研究動機 1
1.3研究目的 2
第二章 背景資料 3
2.1製漿廠廢水特性 3
2.2使用藥劑介紹 5
2.2.1碳酸鈣 5
2.2.2硫酸鐵 5
2.2.3膨潤土 6
2.3電化學方法及優點 6
2.4電解膠凝法 7
2.5電解膠凝之應用 8
第三章 文獻回顧 10
第四章 實驗設計與方法 21
4.1實驗目的 21
4.2實驗設計 21
4.2.1操作參數及檢測項目 22
4.2.2階層設計 23
4.3實驗設備(電解膠凝系統) 24
4.4實驗步驟 28
4.5 檢測方法 29
4.6實驗設備 30
4.7實驗材料 31
4.8實驗藥品 31
第五章試驗結果與討論 32
5.1廢水水質分析 32
5.2處理水樣參數條件 33
5.3實驗結果 33
5.3.1 pH 34
5.3.1.1碳酸鈣組 34
5.3.1.2硫酸鐵組 36
5.3.1.3活化膨潤土組 38
5.3.2導電度 40
5.3.2.1碳酸鈣組 40
5.3.2.2硫酸鐵組 42
5.3.2.3活化膨潤土組 44
5.3.3真色色度 47
5.3.3.1碳酸鈣組 47
5.3.3.2硫酸鐵組 49
5.3.3.3活化膨潤土組 51
5.3.4化學需氧量(COD) 54
5.3.4.1碳酸鈣組 54
5.3.4.2硫酸鐵組 56
5.3.4.3活化膨潤土組 58
5.3.5水中懸浮固體物 61
5.3.5.1碳酸鈣組 61
5.3.5.2硫酸鐵組 63
5.3.5.3活化膨潤土組 65
5.3.6甲醇 68
5.3.6.1碳酸鈣組 68
5.3.6.2硫酸鐵組 70
5.3.6.3活化膨潤土組 72
5.3.7硫化氫 74
5.3.7.1碳酸鈣組 75
5.3.7.2硫酸鐵組 77
5.3.7.3活化膨潤土組 79
5.3.8水中離子含量 81
第六章 結論與建議 84
6.1碳酸鈣組 84
6.2硫酸鐵組 84
6.3活化膨潤土組 85
6.4建議 86
參考文獻 87
附錄一 pH檢測結果 91
附錄二 導電度檢測結果 95
附錄三 真色色度檢測結果 99
附錄四 COD檢測結果 103
附錄五 SS檢測結果 107
附錄六 甲醇檢測結果 111
附錄七 硫化氫檢測結果 115

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