臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本文旨在研製高效能之直驅式無刷直流電動機驅動系統。在電源方面採用單相交流-直流功率轉換器，配合電流預測法控制，將能量供給無刷直流電動機，並改善市電側之電流諧波及提高功率因數。無刷直流電動機方面，則採用低價位之霍爾效應磁極偵測元件，以回授六步方波的磁極位置，並以磁極位置估測實際轉速，完成轉矩與速度之控制。為達到無刷直流電動機之高速運轉控制，本文提出六步方波換相之提前相角控制，具有弱磁之效果，可提高轉速至額定之2.5倍。
本文首先對系統作理論分析，然後進行硬體製作與軟體程式之撰寫。系統以德州儀器公司之數位信號處理器(DSP, TMS320F2407A)為控制核心，以減少硬體電路，降低成本。本文已完成硬體電路製作與控制軟體編寫，並於輸入100 V、60 Hz之單相電源及直流鏈電壓命令200 V之條件下，系統可輸出400 W之功率，且在此狀況下市電側之功率因數達0.98，輸入電流諧波含量為8.9 %。另外，無刷直流電動機在100 rpm正反運轉下，其輸出電磁轉矩可達20 N-m，而在高速運轉控制下最大轉速可達500 rpm，輸出電磁轉矩可達4 N-m。本文系統具有低速高轉矩及高速定功率運轉之性能，適用於無需齒輪之直驅式驅動場合。

This thesis is concerned with the design and implementation of a direct-drive system for brushless dc motors. On the grid side, a current-controlled single-phase power converter is designed to improve current harmonics and power factor, while on motor side, Hall-effect sensors are used to detect the position of rotor to estimate speed. In addition, the speed and current of motor are fed back to control speed and torque, respectively. In order to control the brushless dc motor in high speed, the phase-advancement control of six-step square waves is proposed to extend field-weakening region to 2.5 times of rated speed.
Theoretical analysis of the proposed system is given first. The implementation of hardware and software follows subsequently. A digital signal processor (DSP, TMS320F2407A) is used for the core control of the system to reduce cost and hardware components. Under input source of 110 V, 60 Hz and the dc-link voltage command of 200 V, the output of the system realized is 400 W. The associated power factor is 0.98 and the harmonic distortion of input current is 8.9 % on the grid side. Besides, the output torque under the low-speed range of -100 to 100 rpm is 20 N-m, whereas the maximum speed can reach as high as 500 rpm by high-speed control with the output torque of 4 N-m. The features of low-speed, high-torque and high-speed, constant-power operations are developed to facilitate gearless direct-drive applications.

中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目 錄 III
符號索引 V
圖表索引 VIII
第一章 緒論. 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 系統架構 2
1.3 本文大綱 3
第二章 單相昇壓式交流-直流功率轉換器之分析與控制... 5
2.1 前言 5
2.2 單相昇壓式交流-直流功率轉換器之分析 5
2.2.1 單相昇壓式交流-直流功率轉換器簡介…. 5
2.2.2 單相昇壓式交流-直流全橋半控型功率轉換器之等效電路 7
2.3 單相昇壓式交流-直流功率轉換器之數學模式.... 10
2.4 市電側電流控制 10
2.4.1 電流預測型之電流控制器 10
2.4.2 具負載估測之電流預測型電流控制器 13
2.5 結語… 14
第三章 無刷直流電動機驅動系統 15
3.1 前言 15
3.2 無刷直流電動機簡介 15
3.3 無刷直流電動機六步方波控制 18
3.4 無刷直流電動機轉速及電流閉迴路控制 23
3.5 無刷直流電動機之高速運轉控制 24
3.6 結語 25
第四章 實體製作及實測結果 28
4.1 前言 28
4.2 硬體電路實作 . 29
4.2.1 數位信號處理器之介面電路 29
4.2.2 電流回授電路 30
4.2.3 直流鏈電壓偵測電路 31
4.2.4 市電側電壓之同步偵測電路 31
4.3 軟體規劃 32
4.3.1 主程式流程規劃 32
4.3.2 單相昇壓式交流-直流功率轉換器控制程式流程規劃. 33
4.3.3 無刷直流電動機轉速及電流閉回路程式流程規劃…. 35
4.3.4 無刷直流電動機高速運轉之實作及程式流程規劃…. 37
4.4 實測結果 40
4.4.1 單相昇壓式交流-直流功率轉換器系統實測 40
4.4.2 無刷直流電動機驅動系統實測 45
4.5 結語 50
第五章 結論及未來研究方向 51
5.1 結論 51
5.2 未來研究方向 51
參考文獻 53
附錄A 無刷直流電動機規格 57
作者簡介 58

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