臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

為因應全球氣候變遷以及過度開發所造成的環境影響，世界各國正努力推動節能減碳，並輔以各項獎勵辦法，最終達到資源再利用的目的。全球的企業也吹起綠色風潮，透過創新的技術滿足顧客對關懷環境的需求，並減輕產品或服務對環境的衝擊，以提升競爭優勢。在供應鏈中零售業是最靠近消費者的一端，若能強化其逆向物流管理能力，則可提供顧客良好的售後服務、產品維修效率或回收比率等。然而，國內零售式量販店在執行逆向物流活動時，受到許多限制與阻力，如消費者習慣、法令規章、物流管理能力等因素的影響，未能提升逆向物流管理能力，以善盡企業社會責任。
本研究以量販零售業為研究對象，目的如下：(1)對零售業逆向物流定義與活動內容進行彙整並分析零售業執行逆向物流之現況。(2)分析零售業執行逆向物流活動之因素。(3)比較逆向物流執行績效的實際與期望之差異。本研究以問卷調查方式進行，從回收的95份問卷中，以成對樣本t檢定、相關分析、迴歸分析、卡方檢定進行分析。
研究結果發現，在執行逆向物流方面，零售式量販店愈重視逆向物流活動時，其實踐度也愈高。然而，企業端產品退回、顧客端產品退回、產品分類再利用及產品維修處理之平均數差異呈顯著差異，代表零售業者重視此等物流活動，但在實踐度上卻顯不足。在影響逆向物流活動因素方面，零售業者認為利害關係人中的供應商、政府對執行逆向物流活動具有影響力。另外，在組織寬裕資源因素中的已吸收寬裕資源對執行逆向物流活動也具有影響力，最後在策略態勢方面，管理者的態度及承諾皆是逆向物流活動成功的關鍵因素。

Global climate change and environmental overexploitation force countries around the world working on energy saving and carbon dioxide reduction, as well as employing various incentives to ultimately re-use resources. Enterprises around the world create a tremendous green wave, such as using innovative technologies to meet customers’ green needs, and reducing the impact of products or services on environment, to enhance their competitive advantage. The retailer is the closest to the end consumer in the supply chain. If the retailer has better reverse logistics capabilities, they can provide customers with excellent after-sales service, product repair efficiency or recycling ratio. However, the implementation of reverse logistics activities was subject to many restrictions and obstacles, such as consumer habits, laws and regulations, logistics management capabilities. Most domestic retailers failed to enhance reverse logistics capabilities to fulfill corporate social responsibility on environmental protection.
This study aims at the reverse logistics issues of domestic wholesalers. The objectives of this research are as follows: (1) to identify critical reverse logistics activities and to analyze current implementation of wholesalers, (2) to investigate the incentives of the implementation of reverse logistics, and (3) to compare the differences between the actual and expected performance of wholesalers.
The results show that the fulfillment level is higher, if wholesale retailers place more emphasis on reverse logistics activities. The study also finds that suppliers and government affect reverse logistics activities. Furthermore, absorbed slack resources and manager's progressive have a significant influence on the final decision of implanting reverse logistics programs.

摘要 i
表目錄 vii
圖目錄 ix
一、緒論 1
1.1研究背景與動機 1
1.2研究目的 2
1.3研究流程 3
1.4論文架構 4
二、文獻探討 5
2.1零售業 5
2.1.1零售業概況 5
2.1.2零售業定義與分類 7
2.1.3量販店定義與分類 8
2.1.4台灣量販店的演進 9
2.2物流 10
2.2.1物流之定義 10
2.2.2逆向物流 11
2.2.3逆向物流與正向物流之比較 12
2.3零售業逆向物流相關之主要文獻 13
2.4企業逆向物流活動之影響因素 17
三、研究架構與方法 20
3.1研究架構 20
3.2研究變數操作型定義與衡量構面 20
3.2.1利害關係人 20
3.2.2組織寬裕資源 21
3.3.3策略態勢 22
3.3.4逆向物流活動 23
3.3研究假說 25
3.4研究方法 25
3.4.1深度訪談 25
3.4.2深度訪談結果 27
3.4.3問卷設計與發放 28
3.4.3統計方法 29
四、結果與討論 31
4.1問卷回收情況 31
4.2信度與效度分析 31
4.3敘述性統計分析 32
4.3.1基本資料分析 32
4.3.2研究變項資料分析 34
4.4相依樣本t檢定 35
4.5相關分析 38
4.6迴歸分析 39
4.6.1利害關係人對逆向物流活動 39
4.6.2組織寬裕資源對逆向物流活動 41
4.6.2策略態勢對逆向物流活動 42
4.7卡方檢定 43
4.7.1職位與資源回收（實踐程度） 43
4.7.2負責工作與資源回收（實踐程度） 44
4.7.3職位與資源回收（重視程度） 45
4.7.4負責工作與分類再利用（重視程度） 46
五、結論與建議 48
5.1結論 48
5.2研究建議 50
5.2.1實務界建議 50
5.2.2 後續研究者建議 50
參考文獻 52
附錄一 58
附錄二 59

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