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研究生:回兆年
研究生(外文):Hwei, Jaw-Nian
論文名稱:飼料中添加肌肉生長抑制素抗原對點帶石斑成長、體組成及血液生化值之效應
論文名稱(外文):The Effects of Dietary Myostatin Antigen on Growth Performance, Body Composition and Blood Parameters in Orange-spotted Grouper(Epinephelus coioides)
指導教授:劉擎華劉擎華引用關係
指導教授(外文):Liou, Chyng-Hwa
口試委員:劉擎華、黃沂訓、林龍參
口試委員(外文):Liou, Chyng-Hwa、Huang, Yii-Shing、Lin, Lung-Shen
口試日期:2014-07-15
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立臺灣海洋大學
系所名稱:水產養殖學系
學門:農業科學學門
學類:漁業學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2015
畢業學年度:103
語文別:中文
論文頁數:57
中文關鍵詞:石斑魚、肌肉生長抑制素、飼料
外文關鍵詞:Grouper、Myostatin、Feed
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本試驗旨在探討飼料中添加肌肉生長抑制素抗原(Myostatin Antigen)對點帶石斑(Epinephelus coioides)成長、體組成及血液生化值之效應。
試驗一:試驗生物以點帶石斑魚(Epinephelus coioides)3.5台吋苗在循環水系統中進行三個月之成長試驗。以高魚粉含量飼料(54%魚粉)作為對照組,添加不同肌肉生長抑制素抗原的低魚粉含量飼料(40%魚粉)作為試驗組,試驗組濃度分別為0μg、20μg、40μg、60μg、80μg、100μg、150μg、200μg/Kg。試驗進行十二週後,試驗組中0μg的無添加飼料平均增重率(percent weight gain)最低、飼料效率(FE)最差。此試驗顯示添加肌肉生長抑制素抗原之各組平均增重率皆高於無添加組,甚至高於高魚粉飼料組;另外,添加肌肉生長抑制素抗原之各組FE顯示有改進效果,增重率以Broken-line分析顯示最適添加量為60μg/Kg。排氨試驗顯示添加肌肉生長抑制素抗原之各組幾乎都略低於無添加組,可證明肌肉生長抑制素抗原具有蛋白質節約的作用。血液生化數值分析上各組間在任食餵食24小時後之血漿血糖(Glucose)、三酸甘油脂(Triglyceride)、膽固醇(Cholesterol)濃度及麩草酸轉氨脢(GOT) 丙酮酸轉氨脢(GPT)活性無明顯影響。試驗結束後測定肥滿度(CF)、肝體比(HIS)、臟體比(HSI)和腹腔脂質(IPF)由於變異大,無一致之結論,但亦顯示隨添加量增加至60μg/Kg肥滿度(CF)有增加趨勢,肝體比(HSI)有下降趨勢,而臟體比(HIS)隨添加量增加而有下降趨勢。
試驗二:比較大、小魚對於不同濃度肌肉生長抑制素抗原的最適添加量,共分大、小魚兩大組,每大組5個處理組,飼料中肌肉生長抑制素抗原添加量分別為:0μg/Kg(Basal)、30μg/Kg、60μg/Kg、90μg/Kg、120μg/Kg。結果顯示小魚組增重率以添加30μg/Kg有最佳效果(183.42%),Basal組效果最差(135.03%),而飼料效率(FE)也是添加30μg/Kg最佳(0.81)。大魚組增重率顯示,120μg/Kg有最佳效果(151.35%),Basal組最差(96.78%),FE方面,120μg/Kg有最佳效果(0.82),但增重率及FE在30μg/Kg到120μg/Kg各組間並無顯著差異(P<0.05),故添加30μg/Kg即足夠達到最佳成長。
試驗三:在商業飼料中添加不同存放時間之肌肉生長抑制素抗原比較,共分為3個處理組,分別為A(添加新鮮肌肉生長抑制素抗原)、B(存放六個月的肌肉生長抑制素抗原)、C(未添加之商業飼料作為Control組)。結果顯示,增重率(289.19%)及FE(1.12)皆以未添加的C組為最佳,但各組之間並無顯著差異(P>0.05)。其他在魚體指標、腹肌組成以及血液生化值上並無明顯趨勢。

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of dietary myostatin antigen on growth performance, body composition and blood parameters in orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides).
Experiment I:A three month growth study using average weight 27.47±1.14g grouper (Epinephelus coioides) reared in a circulating water system. High level fishmeal feed (54% fish meal) as the control group, and low level fishmeal feed (40% fish meal) supplemented with graded levels of myostatin antiben as test group. The level of myostatin antibody in test feeds were 0 , 20 , 40 , 60 , 80 , 100 , 150 and 200 μg/Kg, respectively.The results showed that the lowest percentage weight gain (PWG) and the worst feed efficiency(FE) were observed in the group of feed supplemented 0μg. All myoatatin antigen added group show better PWG and FE then non-addition group, including high level fishmeal group. Myostatin antigen can improve PWG and FE in this experiment. Broken-line analysis shows optimal concentration is 60μg/Kg. Ammonia excretion tests showed almost all myostatin antigen group were slightly lower than non-addition group. This may prove myostatin antigen can inprove protein efficiency of grouper . There is no difference in plasma glucose (Glu), triglyceride (TG) ,cholesterol (Chol) concentration (mg/dl) and plasma transaminase glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) ,glutamate-pyruvate transaminase(GPT) activity(U/L). The growth performance of condition factor (CF), hepatosomatic index (HSI), viscerasomatic index (VSI) and intraperitoneal fat (IPF) have no consistent trend.Condition factor(CF) increased and hepatosomatic index(HSI) 、viscerasomatic index (VSI)decreased as the inclusion level of myostatin antigen increased until 60μg/Kg.
Experiment II:Compare large (121.9±5.52g) and small (58.9±3.75g) grouper for different concentrations of myostatin antigen and find optimal antigen concentration. There are large and small two groups of tested fish. Each group have another five treatment groups that contain 0(Basal) , 30 , 60 , 90 and 120 μg/Kg. In small grouper group. The results showed that 30μg / Kg have the best PWG (183.42%) , and 0μg/Kg have the worst (135.03%). FE also showed the similar result that 30μg / Kg was the best(0.81).In large grouper group. The results showed that 0μg/Kg have the worst PWG (96.78%).There was no difference in FE. Broken-line analysis shows optimal concentration in large grouper was 29.5μg/Kg, small grouper was 29.3μg/Kg.So we can consider that add 30μg/Kg is enough to achieve best growth performance.
Experiment III: Adding different storage time myostatin antigen in commercial feeds. Dividing into 3 groups which is A (fresh myostatin antigen) , B (myostatin antigen which conserved over six months) , C (feed whithout myostatin antigen as control diet). Results showed that group C has the best performance in PWG (289.19%) and FE (1.12) , but there is no significant difference among the groups. Other index like fish parameters , Ventral muscle proximate composition (%) , blood parameters didn't have obvious trend.

謝辭……………………………………………………………………………………i
中文摘要………………………………………………………………………………ii
英文摘要……………………………………………………………………………ii
目錄…………………………………………………………………………………iv
表目錄………………………………………………………………………………vi
圖目錄……………………………………………………………………………viii
文獻整理
一、石斑魚養殖現況……………1
二、魚類蛋白質功能與需求………………………………………………2
三、肌肉倍增基因(Myostatin)之介紹……………………………………3
前言…………………………………………………………………………………5
材料與方法
一、試驗動物………………………………………………………………6
二、試驗飼料………………………………………………………………6
三、試驗環境………………………………………………………………7
四、試驗過程………………………………………………………………8
五、排氨試驗………………………………………………………………8
六、生物樣本採樣…………………………………………………………9
七、分析方法………………………………………………………………10
八、形態觀察…………………………………………………………….…13
九、統計分析……………………………………………………………….13
結果
一、成長試驗……………………………………………………………14
二、魚體指標分析………………………………………………………15
三、血液分析……………………………………………………………15
四、體成分分析…………………………………………………………16
五、排氨分析……………………………………………………………16
六、形態觀察……………………………………………………………16
討論
一、成長試驗………………………………………………………………17
二、魚體指標………………………………………………………………18
三、血液分析………………………………………………………………18
四、體成分分析……………………………………………………………19
五、排氨分析………………………………………………………………19
結論………………………………………………………………………………21
建議…………………………………………………………………………………22
參考文獻………………………………………………………………………………23


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