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One incident, under the accrual basis principle and in consistence with the definition of the financial statement conceptual framework and the standard of recognition, can be recognized as assets, liabilities, equity, income and expense. In the conceptual framework of the accrual basis principle, revenue recognition standard is that when future economic benefits are in high probability to be obtained and the relative cost can be measured reliably or when expenses actually happen, revenue should be recognized along with relative assets and liabilities. Currently, Income Tax Act regulation to tax collection interprets the recognition process through only the perspective of Ministry of Finance in Tax Law, which results in different understandings among profit-seeking enterprises, Board of National Tax Administration and Judicial Yuan in terms of actual practices and administration prosecutions. The current study takes the financial statement conceptual framework as its core value and the moves to discuss relevant regulations of tax law, in order to establish a theoretical basis for revenue recognition in profit-seeking enterprises. The present study is managed to cover different angles from definition, recognition, conflicts to applications, and further shed some light on the reparation gain of the case in this study. Relevant laws and regulations in reparation gain are sorted out in this study, which are listed below. As Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 1 Section 47 written, revenue includes income and profit; therefore, recognition of reparation gain, abiding by the regulation, should be applied with the same situation as recognition of assets. Based on the regulation of Article 21 of Income Tax Act, tax accounting operational rules should be implemented in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) stipulated by Ministry of Finance. As Article 10 of Business Entity Accounting Act states, “Accrual basis must mean that entry into the account book must be made when earnings are confirmed receivable and expenses confirmed to be payable.” In Article 27 of Regulations Governing Assessment of Profit-seeking Enterprise Income Tax, “However, during the period of annual accounts, owing to special situation, unrecognizable income or revenue can be processed as overdue accounts in the year when it is recognized.” As Article 12-1 of Tax Collection Act is stated, “In relation to laws involving taxation, such laws should be construed in accordance with the principle of taxation by law and the respective purposes of the relevant laws, balancing therewith the economic purposes and the principle of equality in substantive taxation.” The present study concludes two suggestions, including placing accountants or accounting scholars in courts as expert witnesses and stipulating the recognition of gain to reach the goal of reducing taxation prosecution.
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