臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

中文摘要

魚類的體型具有多樣性，本研究即以探討成長方程式的配適情形是否受到魚種體型差異的影響為主軸，相異於過去比較不同成長方程式配適單一魚種的研究。本研究共選擇了四個漁業領域最常用的成長方程式：von Bertalanffy，Logistic，Gompertz和Richards分別配適12組不同體型魚種的成長資料。並以均方誤 (Mean Square Error, MSE)、Akaike’s Information Criterion (AIC)及估計極限值 (L¥)與最大觀察值 (Lmax)之差 (Deviation of L¥ from Lmax)等三個準則作為判斷成長方程式配適情形之依據。結果顯示，von Bertalanffy成長方程式在配適體型較為細長的魚種時會產生配適不佳的情形，但在配適其他體型魚種時，其配適能力良好，皆為配適能力最佳之成長方程式。此外，藉由偏F檢定 (Partial F-test)，具有四個參數的Richards成長方程式和其他三個只有三參數的成長方程式相較之下，Richards成長方程式在配適體型細長的魚種時具有顯著較佳的配適能力，但是配適其他體型魚種時則會產生配適不良的情形。針對不同的體型，本文亦提出最佳成長方程式之建議。



關鍵詞：配適，成長方程式，體型

Abstract

Fishes have various body shapes. The objective of this study was to examine whether the performances of growth equations were affected by different body shapes. This was differ from other studies fitting a single species with different growth equations.
The four most commonly used growth equations in fisheries-von Bertalanffy, Logistic, Gompertz, and Richards were fitted to the growth data of 12 samples with different body shapes. The mean square error (MSE), the Akaike’s Information Criterion (AIC) , and the deviation of the estimated asymptotic length and the maximum observed length obtained from the species were used as the criteria for determining the most suitable equations.
The results indicated that von Bertalanffy growth equation has the best fittings to fishes with all body shapes except that with elongated shape. Furthermore, the partial F-test was used to evaluate the improvement by addition a fourth parameter in these three-parameter models. The 4-parameter Richards growth equation had significantly better fitting than the other 3-parameter growth equations for elongated fishes but yield worse fitting for other body shapes. Finally, the recommendation of choosing the best growth equation for fishes with different body shapes was proposed.

Key words: Fitting, growth equation, body shape

目錄
頁次
謝辭…………………………………………………………………….I
中文摘要……………………………………...…………………..…...III
英文摘要………………………………………………………………IV
第一章 前言.…..……………………………………………….……....1
1.1 文獻整理..………….……………………………….….………..1
1.1.1 體長-體重關係式………………………………….…....…..1
1.1.2 成長方程式..…………………………..……………...…….2
1.1.2.1 von Bertalanffy成長方程式…….……….……….….....3
1.1.2.2 Richards成長方程式…………….………...…………..5
1.1.3 魚類體型……………………….………..…...……………..6
1.2 研究動機與目的………………………………………………….6
第二章 材料與方法…………………………………..…………..……8
2.1 本研究之樣本資料…….…….…………………………………...8
2.2 樣本魚體的體型定義.……….….………………………………..8
2.3 成長方程式與統計分析…………………………...….………...8
2.3.1 成長方程式……..………………………………..…………8
2.3.2 模式之選擇..…………………………………....…...……...9
2.3.3 偏F檢定.…..…………………………………..…………..11
2.4 等速成長與異速成長之定義..……………………..….……..…12
第三章 結果…………………………………………..……….…….14
3.1 成長方程式配適各組樣本資料之結果..……...……….…..…...14
3.2 成長方程式與魚種體型之關係……...….…………...…………21
3.2.1四個成長方程式配適不同體型魚種之配適情形…..………21
3.2.2 Richards成長方程式之配適結果…………………..……....22
3.2.3 VBGE配適等速成長與異速成長魚種之比較…...…...……22
第四章 討論…………………………...…………….………...…….24
4.1 von Bertalanffy成長方程式的配適情形………………….……..24
4.2 四個參數的Richards成長方程式……………………….……...25
4.3 體長--體重關係式之b值…………………………………….…27
4.4 影響模式選擇的其他因素……………………………………...27
4.5 未來研究………………………………………………………...29
4.6 結論 …………………………………………………………….29
參考文獻…………………………………………………………...…..30
附表…………………………………...………………………………..38
附圖……………………………………...……………………………..54
附錄………………………...…………………………………….…….62

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