臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究以氣化處理廢手機熱裂解固體殘餘物，首先將廢手機熱
裂解成固體殘餘物、液體及氣體產物，再通入不同載氣氣化固體殘
餘物，脫去殘餘之可燃分以再利用其中之金屬。本研究添加之氣化
劑有水蒸汽及不同含氧量之氣體(簡稱為含氧氣體)，控制不同水蒸
氣流量及含氧濃度之載氣來探討固體殘餘物氣化的減量情形。
廢手機經裂解後固體殘餘物佔61.63%，再針對固體殘餘物進
行氣化反應，反應溫度設定為800℃。未添加氣化劑條件下加溫裂
解，樣品減量32.69%；經不同流量之水蒸氣(0.125、0.25、0.5 及
1.25g/min)氣化固體殘餘物之減量分別為31.50、33.83、35.62 及
47.50%；以不同濃度之含氧氣體(5、10、15 及21%)氣化固體殘餘
物之減量分別為31.50、37.14、35.92 及42.74%。兩者氣化劑比較，
添加水蒸汽氣化對固體殘餘物減量效果較佳，主要原因是H2O 與C
進行氣化重組反應所致。
裂解後液體產物以0~200、201~230、231~300 及>300℃四個溫
度範圍進行蒸餾，蒸餾液以GC-MS 分析可能物種，結果顯示主要
成分為酚及酚類化合物，其含量在23%以上，推論是由廢手機印刷
電路板中主要成分酚醛樹酯分解所產生的。氣化後固體殘餘物經分
析得知，廢手機主要金屬為銅，另外以經SEM-EDS 分析其元素，
矽含量也很高。氣化氣體產物中主要成分為二氧化碳及苯。

In this study,the pyrolysis solid residue (PSR) was treated with the gasification
process. First of all, the waste mobile phone was pyrolysed to solid residue, liquid and
gas products. And then the PSR was treated under different gasifying agent
environments to remove residual combustible materials so as to recycle the metal. The
gasifiying agents used in this study included the water vapor and the different
oxygen-content gas (oxygen- content gas). The reduction of the PSR was investigated
with gasification. Controlling the flow rate water vapor and/or the oxygen
concentration in the air by reaction.
After the waste cell phone was pyrolised, the yield of PSR was about 61.63%.
And the reaction temperature was set at 800℃ to perform the gasification reaction.
The mass reduction of combustibles of PSR was about 32.69% without gasifying
agent. Under different flow rate of steam (0.125,0.25,0.5 and 1.25g / min),the mass
reduction of combustibles of PSR were 31.50, 33.83, 35.62 and 47.50%, respectively.
Also, the mass reduction of combustibles of PSR in different concentrations of oxygen
gas 5, 10, 15 and 21% 31.50, 37.14, 35.92 and 42.74%, were respectively. In
comparison with the two gasification agents, the effect of water vapor gasification on
the reduction of combustibles of PSR is better than that using oxygen- content gas. It
may be caused by the steam referring recations of H2O and C.
The liquid products were distilled in the temperature ranges of 0~200,201~230,
231~300 and >300℃, The distillate was analysed by GC-MS to determine the
possible species. The results showed that the main components were phenol and vphenolic
compounds. Their contents are above 23%, it may be attributed to the
decomposition of the main components of the waste printed circuit board. Analysis of
solid residue after gasification, Cu is the main component in the waste mobile phone.
In addition, the content of silicon was very high by SEM-EDS analysis. The main
components of the gasification gas products are carbon dioxide and benzene.

中文摘要 ............................................................................................. iii
ABSTRACT ......................................................................................... iv
誌謝 ...................................................................................................... vi
目錄 .................................................................................................... vii
圖目錄 ................................................................................................... x
表目錄 ................................................................................................ xii
符號說明 ............................................................................................ xiv
第一章 緒論 ......................................................................................... 1
1.1 研究緣起 ................................................................................. 1
1.2 研究目的 ................................................................................. 2
1.3 研究內容與流程 ..................................................................... 3
第二章 文獻回顧 ................................................................................. 6
2.1 廢手機回收相關資訊 ............................................................. 6
2.1.1 廢行動通訊產品回收量 ................................................ 6
2.1.2 廢手機回收流程 ............................................................ 7
2.2 電子廢棄物熱裂解處理之相關研究 ..................................... 8
2.3 氣化之相關研究 ................................................................... 11
第三章 實驗設備與分析方法 ............................................................ 15
3.1 常壓恆溫熱裂解實驗 ........................................................... 15
3.2 氣化實驗 ............................................................................... 20
3.3 裂解液體產物分析 ............................................................... 26
3.3.1 採樣方法 ...................................................................... 26
3.3.2 熱值分析 ...................................................................... 26
3.3.3 蒸餾 .............................................................................. 29
3.3.4 GC-MS 液體成分分析 .................................................. 31
3.4 氣化固體殘餘物分析 ........................................................... 33
3.4.1 採樣方法 ...................................................................... 33
3.4.2 三成分分析 .................................................................. 33
3.4.3 固定碳分析 .................................................................. 35
3.4.4 固體殘餘物可燃分元素分析 ...................................... 37
3.4.5 熱值分析 ...................................................................... 38
3.4.6 固體殘餘之SEM-EDS 物分析 ................................... 38
3.4.7 固體之金屬及無機物元素分析 ................................... 39
3.5 氣化氣體產物分析 ............................................................... 43
3.5.1 採樣方法 ...................................................................... 43
3.5.2 GC-MS 氣體成分分析 .................................................. 43
第四章 結果與討論 ........................................................................... 46
4.1 廢手機熱裂解 ....................................................................... 46
4.1.1 裂解固、液、氣百分比組成分析 ............................... 46
4.1.2 液體蒸餾 ...................................................................... 46
4.1.3 液體產物熱值分析 ...................................................... 49
4.1.4 液體產物成分分析 ...................................................... 49
4.2 氣化固體殘餘物分析 ........................................................... 55
4.2.1 固體殘餘物氣化減量百分比 ...................................... 55
4.2.2 三成分分析 .................................................................. 57
4.2.3 固定碳分析 .................................................................. 59
4.2.4 可燃分元素分析 .......................................................... 60
4.2.5 可燃分熱值分析 .......................................................... 60
4.2.6 氣化後固體殘餘物之SEM-EDS 分析 ........................ 64
4.2.7 氣化後固體殘餘物金屬分析 ...................................... 70
4.3 氣化氣體產物成分分析 ....................................................... 73
第五章 結論與建議 ........................................................................... 80
5.1 結論 ...................................................................................... 80
5.2 建議 ...................................................................................... 81
參考文獻 ............................................................................................. 82

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