臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究利用聚麩胺酸鹽以化學沉澱法生長氫氧基磷灰石，再將其以不同比例與水分散性聚氨酯摻混，製備出複合薄膜與複合支架，其聚麩胺酸鹽-氫氧基磷灰石含量分別為0~43 wt%與0~67 wt%。由X 光繞射儀及能譜分析儀測試結果顯示本研究所合成出的磷酸鈣確實為氫氧基磷灰石，其鈣磷比為1.67，平均粒徑約為110 nm。
掃描式電子顯微鏡之元素影像分析結果顯示氫氧基磷灰石在複合薄膜中具有良好的分散性，當聚麩胺酸鹽-氫氧基磷灰石含量為33 wt%時，複合薄膜有較大的楊氏模數、拉伸強度與伸長率。
由掃描式電子顯微鏡分析結果顯示水分散性聚氨酯溶液濃度及聚麩胺酸鹽-氫氧基磷灰石含量會影響支架的孔洞形態，支架孔洞大小會隨著聚氨酯溶液濃度增加而降低，但其會隨著聚麩胺酸鹽-氫氧基磷灰石含量增加而增加，而支架的吸水率及孔隙度也會隨著聚麩胺酸鹽-氫氧基磷灰石含量增加而增加，當聚麩胺酸鹽-氫氧基磷灰石含量為67 wt%時，支架的平均孔洞大約為250 μm，孔隙度高達93%，吸水率高達1060%。機械性質分析結果顯示，支架的壓縮強度及楊氏模數也會隨著聚麩胺酸鹽-氫氧基磷灰石含量增加而增加。

In this study, poly-γ-glutamate-hydroxyapatite (PGA-HA) particles were synthesized by a co-precipitation method. Then, a series of PGA-HA/water-based polyurethane composite films and scaffolds with different amounts of PGA-HA
particles were fabricated. The content of PGA-HA in the composite films and scaffolds was 0~43 wt% and 0~67 wt%, respectively. The results of wide-angle X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) confirmed that the synthesized calcium phosphate was in the form of HA with the ratio of Ca/P = 1.67.
The particle size of PGA-HA particles was about 110 nm.
EDS mapping analysis revealed that the PGA-HA particles distributed homogeneously in the composite films. The composite film exhibited a higher Young’s modulus, tensile strength and elongation at break when the PGA-HA content
was 33 wt%.
Scanning electron microscope images showed that the pore size of the scaffolds decreased with increasing the concentration of polyurethane dispersion, but it increased with the increase of PGA-HA content. The swelling ratio and porosity of the composite scaffolds increased with the increase of PGA-HA content. The composite
scaffold with 67 wt% PGA-HA had mean pore size of about 250 μm, porosity about 93% and swelling ratio of about 1060%. Moreover, the Young''s modulus and compressive strength of the composite scaffolds increased with the increase of
III PGA-HA content.

摘要............................................................................................................................... I
Abstract........................................................................................................................ II
誌謝..............................................................................................................................IV
目錄...............................................................................................................................V
表目錄..........................................................................................................................IX
圖目錄...........................................................................................................................X
第一章 緒論..................................................................................................................1
1-1 前言.................................................................................................................1
1-2 硬骨組織工程................................................................................................2
1-3 生醫支架材料必須具備的條件.....................................................................3
1-4 氫氧基磷灰石................................................................................................4
1-4-1 氫氧基磷灰石基本性質......................................................................4
1-4-2 HA 的奈米性質...................................................................................7
1-5 聚麩胺酸........................................................................................................7
1-6 聚氨酯............................................................................................................9
1-6-1 水分散性聚氨酯簡介.........................................................................9
1-6-2 二異氰酸酯.......................................................................................10
1-6-3 軟鏈段...............................................................................................11
1-6-4 非離子鏈延長劑...............................................................................12
1-6-5 離子型鏈延長劑...............................................................................13
1-6-6 催化劑...............................................................................................14
1-7 研究動機......................................................................................................15
第二章 文獻回顧........................................................................................................16
2-1 簡介..............................................................................................................16
VI
2-2 生醫骨骼材料分類.......................................................................................17
2-3 生醫材料複合支架......................................................................................18
2-3-1 生醫孔洞支架發展...........................................................................18
2-3-2 生醫孔洞支架製備方法...................................................................19
2-3-3 生醫孔洞支架特性...........................................................................22
2-4 聚氨酯合成丙酮法 (solution or acetone process) ......................................22
2-5 奈米材料製作方法.......................................................................................23
2-5-1 化學沉澱法(chemical coprecipitation method)................................24
2-5-2 水熱法(hydrothermal method)..........................................................25
2-5-3 溶膠-凝膠法(sol-gel method) ...........................................................25
2-6 氫氧基磷灰石粉末製備的影響因素..........................................................26
2-6-1 界面活性劑.......................................................................................28
2-6-2 帶有陰離子基團的抓鈣影響...........................................................29
2-6-3 PH 值對生長氫氧基磷灰石的影響...............................................30
2-6-4 反應溫度影響HA 形成...................................................................31
2-7 聚氨酯摻混氫氧基磷灰石..........................................................................32
第三章 實驗材料與方法............................................................................................33
3-1 藥品..............................................................................................................33
3-2 儀器..............................................................................................................35
3-3 合成..............................................................................................................36
3-3-1 聚麩胺酸鹽生長奈米氫氧基磷灰石...............................................36
3-3-2 水分散性聚氨酯...............................................................................36
3-3-3 製備水分散性聚氨酯/聚麩胺酸鹽/氫氧基磷灰石之多孔複合材料
......................................................................................................................37
3-4 材料特性分析..............................................................................................38
3-4-1 傅立葉轉換紅外線光譜儀 (Fourier Transform Infrared
VII
Spectroscopy，FTIR)..................................................................................38
3-4-2 X-光繞射分析儀 (X-ray Diffraction，XRD) ..................................38
3-4-3 掃描式電子顯微鏡 (Scanning Electron Microscopy，SEM) ........38
3-4-4 穿透式電子顯微鏡 (Transmission Electron Microscope，TEM)...39
3-4-5 能量散佈分析儀 (Energy Dispersive Spectrometer，EDS)...........39
3-4-6 熱重分析儀 (Thermo Gravimetric Analyzer，TGA) .....................39
3-4-7 粒徑分析...........................................................................................40
3-4-8 機械性質測試...................................................................................40
3-4-9 支架孔隙度測試...............................................................................40
3-4-10 支架吸水率測試.............................................................................41
3-4-11 支架降解率測試.............................................................................41
3-4-12 統計分析方法.................................................................................42
第四章 結果與討論....................................................................................................43
4-1 聚麩胺酸鹽成長氫氧基磷灰石..................................................................43
4-1-1 PH 值對合成磷酸鈣鈣磷比之影響..................................................43
4-1-2 X 光繞射分析儀分析......................................................................45
4-1-3 聚麩胺酸鹽含量對氫氧基磷灰石粒徑影響...................................49
4-1-4 聚麩胺酸含量對粒子安定性之影響...............................................52
4-1-5 起始溫度與影響粒徑.......................................................................53
4-1-6 傅立葉紅外光譜分析.......................................................................54
4-1-7 聚麩胺酸與氫氧基磷灰石之實際比例...........................................59
4-2 水分散性聚氨酯..........................................................................................60
4-3 複合薄膜......................................................................................................61
4-3-1 氫氧基磷灰石分散性........................................................................61
4-3-2 機械性質...........................................................................................62
4-4 複合支架......................................................................................................64
VIII
4-4-1 傅立葉紅外光譜分析.......................................................................64
4-4-2 孔洞形態...........................................................................................65
4-4-3 複合支架孔隙度測試.......................................................................72
4-4-4 孔洞複合支架吸水率測試...............................................................73
4-4-5 孔洞複合支架降解率測試...............................................................74
4-4-6 機械性質測試...................................................................................75
第五章 總結................................................................................................................77
參考文獻......................................................................................................................78
自述..............................................................................................................................85

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