臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

文獻指出蜂王乳具有抗氧化、保護神經系統、抗發炎等功效。本研究目的為探討蜂王乳對老化促進小鼠延緩衰老之影響。實驗以3月齡SAMP8雄、雌性小鼠為對象，隨機分為對照組及實驗組三組，實驗組管灌6.15 ml / kg BW / day ( 0.5倍劑量 )、12.3 ml / kg BW / day ( 1倍劑量 ) 及24.6 ml / kg BW / day ( 2倍劑量 ) 之蜂王乳。實驗為期12週，實驗期間每週紀錄小鼠攝食量及體重變化，在第12週進行活動量 ( locomotion ) 測試老化指數 ( aging score ) 評估，及單次被動迴避試驗 ( single - trial passive avoidance test ) ，於13週以主動迴避試驗 ( active shuttle avoidance test )評估學習記憶能力。實驗結束後進行犧牲，取其血液分析一般血液生化值；　取心臟、肝臟、脾臟、肺臟和腎臟秤重記綠後，檢測肝臟中抗氧化酵素 ( Superoxide dismutase; SOD )、( Catalase ; CAT )、( Glutathione peroxidase ; GPX ) 和脂質過氧化物指標 ( Malondialdehyde ; MDA ) ，另外腦部則檢測DNA損傷產物 ( 8 – hydroxyl - 2' – deoxyguanosine ; 8OHdG ) 和脂質過氧化物指標MDA，並進行腦部組織病理切片觀察β - 類澱粉蛋白( β - amyloid ) 沉積量。結果顯示，餵食蜂王乳12週後，各組間體重、攝食量、器官重量、血液生化值皆無顯著差異。在肝臟抗氧化能力方面，蜂王乳能顯著提升小鼠肝臟中超氧歧化酵素 ( SOD ) 活性 ( P < 0.05 ) 、麩胱苷肽過氧化酵素 ( GPx ) 活性 ( P < 0.05 ) 及過氧化氫酵素 ( CAT ) 活性 ( P < 0.05 ) ，並降低肝臟脂質過氧化物丙二醛 ( MDA ) 含量 ( P < 0.05 ) 。在學習記憶的部份，添加蜂王乳之組別，小鼠之學習記憶能力顯著高於對照組 ( P < 0.05 ) 。在老化評估方面，蜂王乳之實驗組其老化程度顯著低於對照組 ( P < 0.05 ) 。腦部氧化壓力部份，餵食蜂王乳的實驗組與對照組比較能顯著減低 ( P < 0.05 ) 腦部粒線體DNA損傷產物8 - OHdG的生成及脂質過氧化產物丙二醛 ( MDA ) 含量 ( P < 0.05 ) 並改善腦部Aβ沉積現象。
綜合上述之結果，藉由補充蜂王乳後能提升抗氧化防禦系統、減少自由基對腦部造成氧化壓力並促進學習記憶能力，達延緩衰老之作用。

Literature reviem suggest that royal jelly have antioxidant, neuroprotective function and antiinflammtory. The purpose of this study was to examine of royal jelly on anti-ahing in senescence accelerated mice. 3-month old male and female SAMP8 mice were divided into control and three experimental groups. Experimental groups were supplemented with 6.15 ml ( 0.5 dose group ), 12.3 ml ( 1dose group ) and 24.6 ml ( 2 dose group ) for 12 weeks. Food intake and body weight were recorded every week. Open field test, grading score, singl - trail passive avoidance test and active shuttle avoidance test were estimated in 12th and 13th week. The biochemical paremeters and heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidneys were recorded afters sacrificed. The activities of lipid peroxidation - malondialdehyde ( MDA ), superoxide dismutase ( SOD ) , catalase ( CAT ) , glutathione peroxidase ( GPx ) of liver were analyzed. In addition, the activities of lipid peroxidation-malondialdehyde ( MDA ) of brain in mice were examined, the level of 8 – hydroxyl - 2' –deoxyguanosine ( 8OHdG ) were study the effect of royal jelly on brain oxidative damage and using immunohistochemical staining to observe the brain β - amyloid protein deposition conditions. The results showed that food intake, weight changes, open field test, organ weight and serum biochemical among the groups were no significant. The experimental group showed higher SOD, GPX and catalase concentration than the control group ( P < 0.05 ). The MDA concentration in the experimental groups were significantly lower than the control group ( P < 0.05 ). The aging score of experimental groups were significantly lower than the control group. Learning and memoru ability of experimental groups were better than the control groups ( P < 0.05 ). Administration of royal jelly could also decrease the content MDA and the level of 8OHdG and β - amyloid protein deposition in the brain.
In summary, the supplement of royal jelly may enhance the antioxidant capacity, and the reduce brain oxisativestte, Improving learning and memory ability and retard the aging process.

中文摘要 I
英文摘要 III
目錄 V
表目錄 X
圖目錄 XI
縮寫表 XIII
第一章 前言 1
第二章 文獻回顧 3
第一節 蜂王乳 3
一、 蜂王乳簡介 3
二、 蜂王乳之營養 3
三、 蜂王乳之生理功效 4
(一) 抗氧化 4
(二) 保護中樞系統 5
(三) 保護肝臟功能 6
第二節 自由基 7
一、自由基對生物的影響 7
(一) 對脂質的影響 7
(二) 對蛋白質的影響 8
(三) 對核酸的影響 8
第三節 抗氧化系統 10
一、 酵素抗氧化防禦系統 10
(一) 超氧岐化酶( superoxide dismutase ; SOD ) 10
(二) 觸酶( catalase ; CAT ) 11
(三) 麩胱苷肽過氧化酶(glutathione peroxidase) 12
第四節 老化 13
一、 氧化壓力與老化 13
二、 阿茲海默症 14
(一) 類澱粉蛋白( β-Amyloid) 14
(二) 乙醯膽鹼( acetylcholine) 15
第五節 老化促進小鼠 16
一、 老化促進小鼠 16
二、 老化促進小鼠之特徵 16
第三章 材料與方法 19
第一節 實驗動物 19
第二節 實驗分組 19
第三節 實驗材料與劑量 20
一、 實驗材料 20
二、 實驗劑量換算 20
第四節 實驗流程與方法 22
一、 實驗流程 22
二、 活動量測試( open field activity test ) 24
三、 老化指數評估 25
四、 學習記憶測試 29
(一) 單次被動迴避試驗 29
(二) 主動迴避試驗 31
五、 血液生化值分析 33
六、 肝臟抗氧化能力分析 33
(一) 超氧岐化酶 34
(二) 麩胱苷肽過氧化酶 35
(三) 過氧化氫酶/觸酶 36
七、 脂質過氧化產物-丙二醛 38
八、 腦部粒線體DNA之8OHdG之生物活性測定 41
九、 腦組織病理切片-β-amyloid 44
第五節 統計分析 52
第四章 結果與討論 53
第一節 體重、攝食量 53
第二節 活動量 55
第三節 老化指數評估 57
第四節 學習記憶能力 61
一、 單次被動迴避試驗 61
二、 主動迴避試驗 64
第五節 器官重量 68
第六節 血液生化值分析 70
第七節 肝臟抗氧化生化指標測定 72
一、 超氧岐化酶活性 72
二、 麩胱苷肽過氧化酶活性 72
三、 過氧化氫酶活性 73
第八節 肝臟組織脂質過氧化產物丙二醛定量分析 73
第九節 腦部組織老化之生物活性指標測定 83
一、 腦部粒線體DNA之8OHdG 83
二、 脂質過氧化產物丙二醛定量分析 84
第十節 腦部β類澱粉蛋白沉積面積百分比 90
第五章 結論 96
第六章 參考文獻 98

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