臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究進行兩個試驗，試驗一探討不同投餵頻度、飼養密度及魚體大小對石斑魚幼魚的成長及攝食行為的影響；試驗二探討不同投餵頻度、飼養密度及魚體大小對石斑魚幼魚的成長、排氨、消化率及攝食行為的影響。投餵頻度顯著影響石斑魚的攝食量、成長及魚體大小的差異度。不論是試驗一或試驗二，每日投餵三次的石斑魚有較高之攝食量，魚體大小差異度隨投餵頻度的增加而下降，而每日投餵一次的石斑魚，其每餐攝食量有增高的現象。此外，試驗二每日投餵一次的石斑魚亦有最佳之飼料轉換係數。在體組成方面，每日投餵三次的石斑魚有較高的體脂肪含量，但投餵頻度不影響石斑魚的表觀消化率。排氨結果顯示，石斑魚的排氨高峰位於第一餐後的第四小時，隨著投餵頻度的增加，其累積排氨量亦隨之增高。試驗一中發現，低密度飼養的石斑魚相較於中或高密度飼養者有較高的攝食量，高密度飼養者有較高的魚體水分含量、SSI、GRW及肥滿度。試驗一體型最小之石斑魚相較於體型大的石斑魚有較高的SVI，相較於體型中及體型大者有較低之活存率。本研究結果顯示，在高密度的飼養條件下，10-30 g的石斑魚每日投餵三次及31-88 g的石斑魚每日投餵一次會有較佳的成長表現。

Two experiments were conducted on juvenile grouper Epinephelus coioides. Experiment 1 deal with the effects of feeding frequency, stocking density and fish size on growth and feeding behavior. The effect of feeding frequency, stocking density and fish size on body composition, growth, ammonia excretion, digestibility and feeding behavior were examined in experiment 2. Feeding frequency had positive effects on food consumption, growth and final size variation. Fish fed three times per day in both experiments showed better food consumption, but fed one meal per day in the 2nd experiment had better food conversion rate. In both experiments, fish size variation decreased with increasing feeding frequency and fish fed fewer meals per day tend to eat more per meal. Fish fed once daily had heavier stomach than from other groups. Fish fed three times daily had the highest body lipid content. Feeding frequency had no effect on apparent digestibility coefficient on grouper. Our result showed that a peak of ammonia excretion occurs 4 hours after the first feeding session. Increased feeding frequency to two or three lead to a cumulative effect of ammonia excretion. The low-density group had the highest food consumption as compared to medium and high densities in experiment 1. Fish stocked at high density had higher moisture content, stomachosomatic index, gut relative weight and condition factor. In experiment 1, the small size fish had higher size variation index compared to big size fish and had lower survival rate than medium and big fish. Our result indicated that fed three-time/ day for grouper grown from 10 to 30 g and one meal a day for the fish grown from 31 to 88 g, respectively and stocked at high density is recommended.

Keywords: feeding frequency; stocking density; fish size; growth; body composition; feeding behavior; grouper.

Abstract (Chinese)……………………i
Abstract……………………………ii
Acknowledgments……………………………………………………iv
List of Tables………………………………v
List of figures……………………………vi
General Introduction and Paper Review……………………………1
Experiment I: Effect of feeding frequency, stocking density and fish size on growth, food consumption, feeding pattern and size variation on grouper juveniles, Epinephelus coioides
Abstract………………………………………………………14
2.1 Introduction……………………………………15
2.2 Materials and Methods ………………………17
2.3 Result……………………………………………20
2.4 Discussion………………………………………22
Experiment II: Effect of feeding frequency, stocking density and fish size on growth, body composition, utilization and ammonia excretion on grouper, Epinephelus coioides
Abstract………………………………………………………27
3.1 Introduction …………………………………28
3.2 Materials and Methods……………………… 31
3.3 Result……………………………………………36
3.3 Discussion………………………………………40
Summary and Outlook ………………………………………45
References……………………………………………………49

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