臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

隨著網路上電子商務(Electronic Commerce)的成長，可以很容易的從網路上得知產品的訊息。這些資訊是為了幫助消費者，使消費者在選購產品時減少花在挑選適當產品的時間，雖然如此但仍需要花費大部分的時間在與商家或其他競標者之間的議價。
針對於這樣的需求，我們提出一種策略，是用來幫助消費者。讓消費者不用花費太多的時間與其他的競標者做議價與協商的行為。只要使用此協商代理人策略(Negotiation Strategy)的消費者，將其針對這項商品的需求及限制的條件填入此代理人策略中，消費者只要讓代理人程式去執行議價工作。而每一位消費者都派出自己的代理人後，代理人會根據委託者的條件互相進行議價的動作，這樣的過程稱之為代理人的協商(Agent’s Negotiation)。而我們所提出的方式，除了一些基本理論基礎外，還有加上學習的功能，這就是所謂的再學習。可以利用某些已存在的條件，來判斷哪些需要作修改，最主要的部分是利用到價錢，因為每一次出價的結果，會影響到下一次的出價。
這策略主要的能力是在於當使用者輸入所限制的條件。例如：對某樣商品價錢上、下限的需求及興趣指數等，並且利用所得知的條件先行模擬。然後再利用提出的策略，找出下一次調漲的百分比範圍。之後才針對使用此策略參與競標的Agent做出屬於自己的協商樹(Negotiation Tree)。根據此數據可以得到下次建議出價的漲幅比率的範圍。利用協商樹做出各種比率的的結果，找出優於其他人的價錢，這樣就可以建議委託人提出以什麼樣的比率做為漲幅，是屬於不錯的建議值。而且代理人能夠根據委託人之前的商品興趣指數，來決定最後他是否要更快速的提高價錢的漲幅比率，以達到符合它興趣指數的結果。當然在於此其先決條件，仍然是以不能超過使用者所能容忍的價錢上限為範圍，來達到此目的。
但希望在這階段完成之後，能推演到更多的使用者。甚至能再加入其它的功能或者是條件，例如：能將參予競標的使用者區分為不同的群組之後，再來依據其群組做聯合或是其他的談判動作。使得這個策略能更加完備，更符合使用者的需求。

With the growth of the electronic commerce on the internet, people can easily get product information, such as features, evaluation, and price. The useful information can help consumers to find the suitable merchandises. However, people often waste a lot of time to complete the transaction.
Due to this reason, our proposal is to bring up a negotiation strategy to complete the trade in an effective time. The purchasers require to offer the degree of favorite and the range of the price. Using these parameters, the benefits of users are to save their money and gain their best choices in a short time. This process is called intelligent agent’s negotiation. Today, researchers use many negotiation strategies, including Game Theory and Decision Making. Our strategy can help consumer to purchase goods on the Internet conveniently.
We wish this project can not only to be used on general site but also to be applied in a group auction. In the future, this strategy could be more full-fledged suitable for the user’s demand.

第一章 緒論 1
1.1 電子商務簡介 1
1.2 軟體代理人簡介 6
1.3 何謂線上協商 12
1.4 研究動機 15
1.5 論文組織 20
第二章 相關研究工作 22
2.1相關研究探討 23
第三章 演算法 32
3.1 協商演算法 32
3.2 協商決策樹 46
3.3 議價人數兩人 50
3.4 議價人數多人 57
第四章 協商模擬系統實作 60
4.1 系統實作技術 60
4.2 系統流程 77
4.3 協商模擬(Simulation)系統測試 83
第五章 結論與未來展望 91
5.1 相關議題之討論 91
5.2 未來發展與期許 93
參考文獻 96
附錄A 英文論文 A-1

參考文獻
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