臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

鎂合金在生醫材料中，其基本機械性質整體來說是最為接近人體骨骼，所以在人工植體的領域中有機會超越目前臨床常被使用的鈦合金及鈷鉻合金，且鎂合金相對於鈦合金最大的特色為具有生物可降解性，在植入人體後降解的成分可刺激骨細胞活性，並可經由泌尿系統排出體外，對人體的傷害可以降到最低。但生物醫療等級的鎂合金在人體中其抗腐蝕能力太差，從浸泡模擬體液的實驗結果中，得知因鎂合金降解速率太快，使得植體表面大量的釋放出氫氣進而影響植體周圍的pH值上升，最終導致身體之異常反應。
為了改進鎂合金其抗腐蝕能力，本研究使用sandblasting噴砂技術，使鎂合金表面形成具有微米級粗糙度的表面，藉此提高試片總表面積。然後再使用flouride conversion coating氟化成表面處理，使試片表面長出均質且緻密之氟化成皮膜，以提高生醫級鎂合金的抗腐蝕能力。最後再使用水熱爐進行鈣磷水熱處理，讓鈣磷化合物沉積在試片表面上，使此試片具有良好生物親和性。在材料測試中，以SEM、EDS、試片重量變化、pH值的量測結果進行評估，均可以看出經過噴砂處理後的氟化成保護膜其抗腐蝕能力明顯優於未經噴砂處理的試片。在體外測試中，當細胞貼附於材料表面時，會受到材料的親疏水性、表面電荷、表面粗糙度及多孔性質的影響，從本實驗細胞形貌及細胞增生的實驗結果中，具有表面粗糙的試片，其細胞的初期貼附很快的就有觸角生成，有鈣磷塗層的試片細胞增生的情形也是明顯的。且有鈣磷塗層的試片，不僅在細胞初期貼附的表現優良，其細胞增生的表現更為突出。



進一步進行體內測試-兔子動物實驗，經由植入四週後的觀察也確定其軟組織生長及骨癒合效果顯著，並且鎂合金的腐蝕行為也相當緩和。
因此本研究將探討經由吹砂、化成處理及鈣磷水熱法後的鎂鋁合金(AZ61)對表面粗糙度與抗腐蝕性的影響。相對於對照組的鎂合金，有MgF2保護層的表面，可以藉此提高抗腐蝕的能力。
上述的實驗結果顯示，經由本實驗一系列的表面改質後，可以使我們的生醫級可降解鎂合金AZ61，在植入人體後，不僅具有良好的抗腐蝕性、細胞貼附和細胞增生等性質，且又可以免除二次手術，可以減低病患的痛苦，提供病患一個更舒適的選擇。

In biomaterials , the mechanical properties of magnesium alloy is closest to human bone. In addition, its excellent of biodegradablility tends to be more appropriate than Titanium and Cobalt-chromium. Besides, it could decrease the damage to the human body through its degradation to motivate osteoclasts activity and it is decomposable to digestive system. Nevertheless, magnesium is susceptible to corrosion as revealed by experiments using simulation liquid immersing or clinic. Meanwhile, it could reflect resistance reaction from human body. The fast degradation of this material could led surface of objective releases hydrogen and pH value.
In this study, sandblasting is applied to create rough surface on magnesium resulting in increased total surface area. Afterwards, flouride conversion coating are utilized in the following steps. In this stage, the intention is to raise its resistance ability to fluorinated by creating a homogenized MgF2 layer on magnesium. Finally, elevate the biodegradablility would be reached through immersing in Ca-P solution by hydrothermal. Following material analysis, SEM, EDS, pH value experience result, we confirm that sandblasting improves corrosion resistance.In vitro test, the factors of hydrophilic or hydrophobic of material, electric charge, and porosity of surface would be affected to the problem of cell adhering. In vivo test-rabbit experiment, after implantation through four weeks, also observed obvious growth of soft tissue and bone healing effect. In addition, the corrosion behavior of magnesium alloys appears quite ease.
The result of this report based on cell morphology and cell proliferation illustrates magnesium alloys with rough surface and coating with Ca-P compound tend to have a similar outcome on the first period. The Proliferation of cell tends to be evidently in equal. Nonetheless, on the following stage the objective coating with Ca-P compound continuously has proliferation activity, which indicates it could achieve greater views.

中文摘要 I
Abstract III
誌謝 V
第一章 緒論 1
第二章 文獻回顧 2
2-1生醫材料之演進 2
2-2鎂合金生醫材料的優點 4
2-3鎂合金生醫材料的缺點 6
2-4 鎂合金的抗腐蝕處理 7
2-5鎂合金的表面處理 7
2-6鎂合金的化成處理-氟化成處理 9
2-7鎂合金的吹砂處理-增加表面粗糙度 10
2-8鎂合金的鈣磷水熱處理-增加生物相容性 11
2-9鈣磷化合物對生醫材料的影響-增加生物相容性 11
2-10生醫材料表面性質對細胞的影響 12
2-11實驗動物科學 13
2-12 研究目的 14
第三章 實驗內容及方法 15
3-1 實驗流程 15
3-1-1實驗藥品 16
3-1-2實驗儀器 18
3-2-1 試片前處理 19
3-2-2試片吹砂表面處理 19
3-2-3 試片鹼液鈍化前處理 20
3-2-4 試片表面處理-氟化成處理 20
3-2-5 製備鈣磷水熱塗層 21
3-3 材料表面特性分析 21
3-3-1材料表面型態及元素分析 21
3-3-2材料表面相組成分析 22
3-3-3親疏水性接觸角測試 23
3-3-4鎂合金表面粗糙度測試 23
3-3-5鎂合金化成皮膜重量測試 23
3-3-6鎂合金化成皮膜厚度測試 24
3-4腐蝕測試 24
3-4-1模擬體液(R-SBF)的配製 24
3-4-2模擬體液(R-SBF)浸泡測試 24
3-4-3模擬體液(R-SBF) — pH值量測 25
3-4-4模擬體液(R-SBF) — F- ion量測 26
3-4-5模擬體液(R-SBF) —重量變化量測 26
3-4-4表面腐蝕形貌及元素組成 27
3-5體外細胞測試 27
3-5-1 人類骨肉瘤細胞MG63 27
3-5-2細胞解凍(MG63 cell line) 27
3-5-3細胞繼代 28
3-5-4 細胞形貌觀察 28
3-5-5 細胞增生測定 29
3-5-6 BCA蛋白質吸附測試 30
3-6 動物實驗-體內試驗(in vivo) 31
3-6-1 動物實驗手術流程-體內試驗(in vivo) 31
第四章 結果與討論 33
4-1試片觀察與討論 33
4-1-1 試片不同號數研磨前處理的形貌 33
4-1-2吹砂處理後的試片觀察 33
4-1-3 鹼前處理的試片觀察 35
4-1-4 化成處理後的試片觀察 35
4-1-5 鈣磷水熱法後的試片觀察 36
4-2 試片材料性質分析 36
4-2-1 接觸角分析 36
4-2-2 XRD分析 37
4-2-3 化成皮膜的重量 38
4-2-4 化成皮膜的厚度 38
4-2-5 氫氟酸化成處理---去除白色氧化鋁砂 38
4-2-6 吹砂處理對於水熱鈣磷的優點 39
4-3 模擬體液中的腐蝕測試 39
4-3-1 pH值的變化 39
4-3-2 腐蝕測試-重量變化量 40
4-3-3 腐蝕測試-SEM表面形貌觀察 41
4-3-4 腐蝕測試-F- ion release 42
4-4 體外細胞測試 43
4-4-1 細胞形貌-SEM表面形貌觀察 43
4-4-2 細胞增生測試-MTT assay 44
4-4-3 蛋白質吸附測試 44
4-5 動物實驗-體內測試(in vivo) 45
第五章 結論 47
第六章 參考文獻 50

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