臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

粉末放電加工(PMD-EDM)能有效降低放電加工的表面粗糙度，不需
要二次拋光加工，能節省時間及成本，而且具加工表面改質的效果。應用在模具方面，可以製造出光電模具所需的大面積具有光澤的加工表面，乃相當具有潛力的加工技術;但目前加工機制僅知添加適當濃度金屬粉末可有效放電分散但為何粉末可有此作用仍尚未解明。
本研究將藉由量測電壓、電流波形變化與粉末聚集狀態現象之同步
觀察來探討介電液中添加粉末時之放電波形之變化及其對加工特性的影響。研究首先觀察實驗中選用不同粉末材料量測可放電間隙範圍，然後進行觀察兩極間的電流、電壓波形同步搭配粉末聚集狀態情形。根據所得到的結果能瞭解電壓、電流波形變化與粉末聚集狀態的情形之間的關係，然後觀察不同粉末與粉末濃度對放電波形的影響，並進一步分析探討粉末濃度對於加工特性的影響，期待詮釋不同材料性質其加工特性結果不同的原因，提供粉末放電加工製程應用的參考。
研究結果顯示，除了添加氧化鋁粉末外，放電延遲時間會變短波形
會有充電時間內跳電之釋放電流（breakdown during delay time）現象，並且受到粉末材料、粉末濃度的影響，其充電時間與釋放之數目都不一樣，研究中利用上述現象解明不同粉末材料不同濃度對表面粗糙度及材料移除率的影響。

PMD-EDM, which has a lot of efficiency in reducing the surface
roughness produced by EDM, not only can save much time and money but
also produce very fine finish surfaces without second time polishing. It is a
very potential technology because of its ability of making large burnished
work surfaces when applied to Electro-Optical dies. However, the work
mechanism of PMD-EDM is not fully understood. By synchronizing the
powder behavior and the changes of voltage, current, and waveform, this
study will discuss the influence on work mechanism and waveform
characteristic when adding powder to dielectric fluid. It could be observed
that the range of discharged gap of different powder materials first, and the
current, voltage, waveform synchronizing the powder behavior. According to
the result, the relationship of he current, voltage, waveform synchronizing the
powder behavior can be understood.
The result of the study showed that the discharged waveform would have
the affair of releasing current, which would be influenced by different powder
material and concentration except for Al2O3. Using above phenomenon in the
study, the influence of different powder material and concentration on surface
roughness and the rate of removal should be known.

致謝......................................................................................................................... Ⅰ
摘要............................................................... Ⅱ
英文摘要........................................................... Ⅲ
目錄............................................................... Ⅳ
圖目錄............................................................. Ⅴ
表目錄............................................................. Ⅵ
第一章 緒論....................................................... 1
1.1 研究背景................................................. 1
1.2 文獻回顧................................................. 6
1.3 研究動機與目的.......................................... 13
1.4 本文結構................................................ 14
第二章 放電加工原理與相關理論..................................... 15
2.1 放電加工原理............................................ 15
2.1.1 放電加工過程....................................... 15
2.1.2 放電加工參數....................................... 17
2.1.3 RC 放電迴路........................................ 20
2.2 粉末放電加工............................................ 22
2.2.1 粉末放電加工介紹................................... 22
2.2.2 粉末放電加工可能機制............................... 23
2.2.3 粉末放電加工特性................................... 30
2.2.4 帶電微粒在電場中的運動............................. 33
2.2.5 粉末粒子的帶電機制................................ 35
V
第三章 實驗設備與實驗方法..................................... 38
3.1 實驗設計與規劃...................................... 38
3.2 實驗設備............................................ 40
3.3 實驗材料............................................ 51
第四章 實驗結果與討論.......................................... 54
4.1 可放電間隙大小...................................... 54
4.2 放電波形與粉末聚集情形同步觀察...................... 60
（a）鋁粉........................................... 61
（b）鎳粉........................................... 64
（c）鈦粉........................................... 67
4.3 各種粉末之不同濃度電壓電流波形觀察.................. 70
4.3.1 不同粉末材料電壓電流波形觀察結果............. 70
4.3.2 粉末濃度改變之電壓電流波形觀察................ 75
（a）鋁粉....................................... 76
（b）鎳粉....................................... 77
（c）鈦粉....................................... 78
（d）矽粉....................................... 79
（e）氧化鋁粉................................... 80
4.4 對加工特性影響...................................... 84
4.4.1 各種粉末不同濃度對材料移除率之影響............ 84
4.4.2 粉末濃度對表面粗糙度之影響.................... 85
4.4.3 添加粉末於介電液中的影響...................... 95
第五章 結論與未來工作 ........................................ 97
參考文獻..................................................... 100

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