臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究主要目的是以批判的角度來開發並闡述一個在台灣很少人會去研究的奧林匹克活動課題。本研究更進一步的目標是以質性的文獻探討方式去衍生出建構性方法來提供台灣推廣體育運動的理念。為達此一目標，這裏採用兩個主要理論: Krawczyk的人類文化學理論以及運動發展序列理論。依循這些理論，本研究找出會影響台灣運動發展的幾個主要原因。就文化要素的分析上，我們找出一個促進運動因素(儒家論點：運動是屬於所有人)與三個阻礙因素(非競爭性, 性別不平等及工作勤勞的美德)。從運動發展的角度來檢驗台灣奧林匹克活動與運動來看, 本研究識別出兩個促進台灣運動推廣的變項(奧林匹克的教育理想與儒家思想有相似處，以及台灣目前運動生態環境的改變)以及三個阻礙運動發展的論點(兩岸政治緊張與轉變情勢，體育運動政策領導者的附庸關係及台灣奧林匹克委員會實質力量的減少)。本研究根據研究結果指出台灣的體育運動政策應該考慮到執行的兩個重要聯結。首先，將運動與文化及教育做一聯結，其次，將運動與組織及管理做一聯結。


關鍵字：奧林匹克活動 (Olympic Movement)，台灣 (Taiwan)，運動 (sport)，儒家思想 (Confucianism)

The purpose of the study was to illuminate critically the little explored issue of the Olympic Movement in Taiwan. An objective of the research was furthermore to derive from the findings (literature review) some constructive political approaches in order to provide ideas to boost Taiwan’s sport dissemination. This has been accomplished by using primary two theories: Krawczyk’s anthropological-cultural theory and the sport development continuum. Along these theoretical approaches factors which might inhibit or promote the Taiwan’s sport dissemination were framed. The analysis of the cultural elements opened out into discovering one promoting factor (Confucian argument: sport for everybody) and three inhibiting factors (non-competitiveness, gender inequality and the virtue of diligence). In terms of examining Taiwan’s Olympic Movement and sport from a sport developmental perspective the study could identify two promoting variables (overlapping educational ideals of Olympism and Confucianism and Taiwan’s changing sport environment) and three sport inhibiting arguments (political tensions and transformations, affiliation of sport policy leaders and the decreasing power of Taiwan’s National Olympic Committee). On basis of the outcome the study suggests that Taiwan’s policy makers ought to consider the implementation of two links. Firstly, linking sport with culture and education and secondly linking sport with organization and management.


Key Words: Olympic Movement, Taiwan, sport, Confucianism

Contents

中文摘要 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． iii
Abstract ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． iv
Acknowledgements ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． vi
Contents ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． vi
List of Tables ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． vii
List of Figures　　．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． viii
Chapter 1　　Introduction ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 1
　　 1.1　　Current State of Research ．．．．．．．．． 6
　　 1.2　　Theory ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 10
1.3 Research Questions ．．．．．．．．．．． 15
Chapter 2 Methodology ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 20
　　 2.1 Research Design ．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 20
2.2 Research Method ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 23
2.2 Research Limitations ．．．．．．．．．．．． 29
Chapter 3 Literature Review ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 31
　　 3.1　　Cultural Elements ．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 31
3.2 Olympic Movement ．．．．．．．．．．．．． 52
Chapter 4 Critical Review ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 98
4.1 Findings ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 98
4.2 Approaches ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 121
Chapter 5 Conclusion ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 141
Referneces ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 145




List of Tables

Table 2- 1 Literature-based interview questions with reference to the study’s examination objects ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．
25
Table 4- 1 Action plan – Constructing an active sport development in Taiwan ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．
139

























List of Figures

Figure 1-1 The traditional sports development continuum．．． 12
Figure 1-2 Sport England: the active framework．．．．．．． 13
Figure 1-3 Research model ．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 19
Figure 3-1 Sport system and its administrative institutions in Taiwan ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．
72
Figure 4-1 Analysing Chinese Taipei Olympic Committee’s (CTOC) SWOTs ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．
120
Figure 4-2 Sport policy structure for linking sport with education and culture to disseminate Olympism．．．
125

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